History of sociology from the Koran point of view

HISTORY OF SOCIOLOGY

In the history of the world, there has never been a propaganda effort to match that of advertising in the twentieth century. More thought, more effort, more money goes into advertising than has ever gone into any other campaign to change social consciousness (Kilbourne 1999:75)< align=center style="MARGIN-LEFT: 1.5in; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0.4in; TEXT-ALIGN: left">

By strategically displacing jobs and people and concentrating poverty in the inner cities, the elite in the U.S artificially install and nourish a street code A code that forces people, on a social level to adopt it as the only reality, if they are to survive. Sociologist Elijah Anderson in his book, Code of the Street (1999), states

It is nothing less than the cultural manifestation of persistent urban poverty. It is a mean adaptation to blocked opportunities and profound lack, a grotesque form of coping by young people constantly undermined by a social system that historically has limited their social options and until recently rejected their claims to full citizenship (Anderson 1999:146-147).

Those who refuse to be blinded by such structural alienation are trapped by chemical alienation through alcohol and drugs that directly produce an illusion of reality. As a result of all this artificially engineered culture, a real world much removed from the actual real world is projected. A world that traps people in a cycle from which escape becomes almost impossible. Alienation and anomie are closely linked. In this instant capitalist society, we have today an instant anomie-producing instrument, alcohol.

Their example is as a mirage in a desert. The thirsty one supposes it to be water till he comes unto it and finds nothing…or as shadows upon a sea obscure: there covers them a wave, above which is a wave, above which are clouds layer upon layer of darkness. When they hold out their hands, they almost cannot see them (Koran 24:39-40)

Similar to the initial conditions studied by physicists, which led to the evolution of a particular type of universe and the eventual emergence of life, without which the universe would not have resembled what we see today and we wouldn't have been here to see it, the initial conditions in society that determine its structure are crucial to understanding the nature of interaction. This is in the tradition of Auguste Comte, the person who coined the term

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sociology and sought to model the discipline after the physical sciences, particularly physics (social physics).

The initial conditions in the physical sciences are mysterious and cannot be explained without reference to a designer, the odds of them occurring by chance equal zero, by all real measures. Contrary to this, the intelligently set initial conditions that determines the economy and the relationships of production have human social origins and can be studied by historical and comparative analysis. Functionalists ignore these "initial conditions" and take them as given. Thus attributing the most important determining factors to chance encourages a status quo. The state has a critical role in the reproduction of such relationships of production.

The scientific system demands replication, verification and falsification, hence empirical analysis should become an important part of any theoretical system.

It is through empirical verification that workable theories can be extracted from ones that have at best metaphysical and rhetorical value.

In the last 20 to 30 years, as progress has been made in the physical sciences, a hidden order has been revealed in nature. Physicists call this the Cosmic Code

. It is an intelligently designed, normative order (the values of which can be derived by analogy through indicators just like the Koran suggests in 30:50) written in a language that humanity can understand, the language of mathematics. In attempting to understand this message, of which only a small part has been decoded yet, scientists aim to uncover a grand unifying theory of everything. Newtonian positive physics is just a small part of this normative (value) order called the Theory of Everything. Once this Cosmic Code is decoded, scientists envision linking all human knowledge together based on it. We will then be able to deduce from it the natural social order and understand the values based upon which ideal human societies can be envisioned in reality, rather than the subjective abstractions that embody Max Weber's (1864-1920)

"ideal types".

Contrary to the "natural order" conjectured by Herbert Spencer in his Social Darwinismwhich was natural only to the extent of a reproduction of the "social construction" of a particular type of status quo, the Theory of Everything

will present objective reality of a normative and positive nature based on a larger scale governance of the universe. It will transcend all societies.

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Once this theory is understood, it can be speculated that all other systems of social organization based on inadequate and incomplete knowledge like Capitalism, Socialism, Communism, Anarchism and the other "isms" will become obsolete and outdated.

"Therefore, set your face to the system of Islam. The nature of God, based upon which he has natured humankind. There is no altering what God creates. That is the established standard order. However most among humankind understand not (Koran 30:30).

The Koran is not about self-righteousness, as writings, on what is popularly termed as a religious source are often accused of being. Theory and action need to be separated for the purpose of pure research. Therefore, we need to test the Koran by its claims and not by the actions of those who claim to believe in it or follow it.

Throughout history myths and superstition have so crept under the banner of religion that to believe in God came to be considered childish stupidity by modern literary giants. In the face of such opposition we come across a unique book, the Koran. Not only is the Koran written in the most mathematical/logical of all human languagesArabic, it (the Koran) is unique in history in that it led to the development of the rules of that language itself.

While Bertrand Russell envisioned creating a logical/mathematical language, the Koran did that factually fourteen centuries back. No other book in the history of the world has invented the rules of a language, so to speak, as the Koran did when it gave birth to the rules governing written Arabic. Thus Arabic is the ideal human language that comes closest to emulating the mathematical language of the universe, in an objective fashion based on its logical foundations, which even the lay person can understand. We need to ask here, could a man who had no formal schooling, Muhmmed ibn Abdullah, and lived fourteen centuries back have done this?

Arabic most precise and primitive of the Semitic languages, shows signs of being originally a constructed language. It is built up upon mathematical principlesphenomena not paralleled by any other language (Cleary 1998).

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The description of the natural world in the Koran pre-empts much of todays hard-earned scientific findings. Consistent with Karl Poppers Critical Rationalism, the Koran offers falsification . As such, it challenges people of

learning to find fault with it and to falsify it. By discovering the Koran, I had unlocked the key to the reality of my 'life-world' within the context of a natural social order, natured in humankind. Sociobiology and neurology are coming close to confirming the "God part" of the brain (Koran 7:172). We live in exciting times. In the intellectual world, the light of Islam based upon its source, the Koran, shines brighter than it has ever before.

Muhammed Asadi

Copyright(C) 2001

THE INSTRUMENT OF OPPRESSION

"And give to the near of kin his due and (to) the needy and the wayfarer, and do not squander wastefully."

(Koran 17:26)

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Up to one-fifth of America's food goes to waste each year, with an estimated 130 pounds of food per person ending up in landfills. The annual value of this lost food is estimated at around $31billion. But the real story is that roughly those lost resources could have fed 49 million people. Over 12% of the US population, according to the USDA, goes hungry everyday and many millions starve to death around the world. http://www.usda.gov/news/pubs/gleaning/two.htm

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Bibliography:

Asadi, Muhammed. Rational Reality (http://www.rationalreality.com)

Asadi, Muhammed. The Justice Paradigm (http://www.geocities.com/justiceparadigm).

Koran: Translated from the Arabic

Babbie, Earl. The Practice of Social Research. 6th ed. 1992. Wadsworth

Publishing Co. California.

Chinyelu, Mamadou. Harlem Ain't Nothin' But a Third World Country. 1999.

Mustard Seed Press. New York

Cleary, Thomas. Koran: The Heart of Islam. 1998.

Ed. Shafritz & Ott. Editors. The Classics of Organization Theory. 2000.

Mills. C Wright. The Power Elite. 1956.

Schaefer, Robert T & Lamm Robert P. Sociology. 6th ed. New York. McGraw Hill Companies.

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References to the Koran in this paper, eg, Koran 13:33 represent, Chapter (Sura) 13, verse (aya) 33.

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