

MOTOROLA
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
Order this document by BUX48/D
SWITCHMODE II Series
NPN Silicon Power Transistors
The BUX 48/BUX 48A transistors are designed for high±voltage, high±speed, power switching in inductive circuits where fall time is critical. They are particularly suited for line±operated SWITCHMODE applications such as:
•Switching Regulators
•Inverters
•Solenoid and Relay Drivers
•Motor Controls
•Deflection Circuits
Fast Turn±Off Times
BUX48
BUX48A
15 AMPERES
NPN SILICON
POWER TRANSISTORS 400 AND 450 VOLTS
V(BR)CEO
850 ± 1000 VOLTS
V(BR)CEX
175 WATTS
60 ns Inductive Fall Time Ð 25 _C (Typ)
120 ns Inductive Crossover Time Ð 25 _C (Typ) Operating Temperature Range ±65 to +200_C
100_C Performance Specified for:
Reverse±Biased SOA with Inductive Loads Switching Times with Inductive Loads Saturation Voltage
Leakage Currents (125_C)
MAXIMUM RATINGS
CASE 1±07 TO±204AA (TO±3)
Rating |
Symbol |
BUX48 |
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BUX48A |
Unit |
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Collector±Emitter Voltage |
VCEO(sus) |
400 |
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450 |
Vdc |
Collector±Emitter Voltage (VBE = ± 1.5 V) |
VCEX |
850 |
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1000 |
Vdc |
Emitter Base Voltage |
VEB |
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7 |
Vdc |
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Collector Current Ð Continuous |
IC |
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15 |
Adc |
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Ð Peak (1) |
ICM |
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30 |
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Ð Overload |
IOI |
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60 |
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Base Current Ð Continuous |
IB |
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5 |
Adc |
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Ð Peak (1) |
IBM |
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20 |
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Total Power Dissipation Ð T C = 25_C |
PD |
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175 |
Watts |
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Ð T C = 100_C |
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100 |
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Derate above 25_C |
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1 |
W/_C |
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Operating and Storage Junction Temperature Range |
TJ, Tstg |
± 65 to +200 |
_C |
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic |
Symbol |
Max |
Unit |
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Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case |
RqJC |
1 |
_C/W |
Maximum Lead Temperature for Soldering Purposes: |
TL |
275 |
_C |
1/8″ from Case for 5 Seconds |
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(1) Pulse Test: Pulse Width = 5 ms, Duty Cycle v 10%. |
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SWITCHMODE is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
REV 7
Motorola, Inc. 1995

BUX48 BUX48A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TC = 25_C unless otherwise noted)
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Characteristic |
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Symbol |
Min |
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Typ |
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Max |
Unit |
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OFF CHARACTERISTICS (1) |
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Collector±Emitter Sustaining Voltage (Table 1) |
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VCEO(sus) |
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Vdc |
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(IC = 200 mA, IB = 0) L = 25 mH |
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BUX48 |
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400 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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BUX48A |
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450 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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Collector Cutoff Current |
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ICEX |
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mAdc |
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(VCEX = Rated Value, VBE(off) = 1.5 Vdc) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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0.2 |
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(VCEX = Rated Value, VBE(off) = 1.5 Vdc, TC = 125_C) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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2 |
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Collector Cutoff Current |
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ICER |
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mAdc |
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(VCE = Rated VCEX, RBE = 10 Ω) |
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TC = 25_C |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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0.5 |
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TC = 125_C |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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3 |
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Emitter Cutoff Current |
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IEBO |
Ð |
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Ð |
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0.1 |
mAdc |
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(VEB = 5 Vdc, IC = 0) |
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Emitter±Base Breakdown Voltage |
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V(BR)EBO |
7 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
Vdc |
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(IE = 50 mA ± IC = 0) |
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SECOND BREAKDOWN |
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Second Breakdown Collector Current with Base Forward Biased |
IS/b |
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See Figure 12 |
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Clamped Inductive SOA with Base Reverse Biased |
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RBSOA |
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See Figure 13 |
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ON CHARACTERISTICS (1) |
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DC Current Gain |
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hFE |
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(IC = 10 Adc, VCE = 5 Vdc) |
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BUX48 |
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8 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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(IC = 8 Adc, VCE = 5 Vdc) |
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BUX48A |
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8 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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Collector±Emitter Saturation Voltage |
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VCE(sat) |
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Vdc |
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(IC = 10 Adc, IB = 2 Adc) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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1.5 |
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(IC = 15 Adc, IB = 3 Adc) |
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BUX48 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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5 |
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(IC = 10 Adc, IB = 2 Adc, TC = 100_C) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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2 |
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(IC = 8 Adc, IB = 1.6 Adc) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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1.5 |
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(IC = 12 Adc, IB = 2.4 Adc) |
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BUX48A |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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5 |
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(IC = 8 Adc, IB = 1.6 Adc, TC = 100_C) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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2 |
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Base±Emitter Saturation Voltage |
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VBE(sat) |
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Vdc |
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(IC = 10 Adc, IB = 2 Adc) |
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BUX48 |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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1.6 |
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(IC = 10 Adc, IB = 2 Adc, TC = 100_C) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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1.6 |
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(IC = 8 Adc, IB = 1.6 Adc) |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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1.6 |
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(IC = 8 Adc, IB = 1.6 Adc, TC = 100_C) |
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BUX48A |
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Ð |
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Ð |
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1.6 |
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DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS |
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Output Capacitance |
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Cob |
Ð |
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Ð |
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350 |
pF |
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(VCB = 10 Vdc, IE = 0, ftest = 1 MHz) |
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SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS Resistive Load (Table 1) |
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Delay Time |
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IC = 10 A, IB = 2 A |
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BUX48 |
td |
Ð |
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0.1 |
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0.2 |
μs |
Rise Time |
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tr |
Ð |
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0.4 |
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0.7 |
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IC = 8 A, IB = 1.6 A |
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BUX48A |
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Storage Time |
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Duty Cycle = 2%, VBE(off) = 5 V |
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t |
Ð |
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1.3 |
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2 |
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Tp = 30 μs, VCC = 300 V |
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s |
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Fall Time |
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tf |
Ð |
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0.2 |
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0.4 |
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Inductive Load, Clamped (Table 1) |
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Storage Time |
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IC = 10 A |
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_ |
tsv |
Ð |
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1.3 |
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Ð |
μs |
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IB1 = 2 A |
BUX48 |
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(TC = 25 C) |
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Fall Time |
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t |
Ð |
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0.06 |
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Ð |
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fi |
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Storage Time |
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IC = 8 A |
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tsv |
Ð |
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1.5 |
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2.5 |
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Crossover Time |
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(TC = 100_C) |
tc |
Ð |
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0.3 |
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0.6 |
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I = 1.6 A |
BUX48A |
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B1 |
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Fall Time |
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tfi |
Ð |
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0.17 |
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0.35 |
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(1) Pulse Test: Pulse Width = 300 μs, Duty Cycle v 2%. |
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Vcl = 300 V, VBE(off) = 5 V, Lc = 180μH |
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3±402 |
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data |

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BUX48 |
BUX48A |
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DC CHARACTERISTICS |
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50 |
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90% |
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(VOLTS) |
10 |
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30 |
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5 |
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20 |
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VOLTAGE |
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CURRENT GAIN |
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3 |
IC = 5 A |
7.5 A |
10 A |
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15 A |
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10% |
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10 |
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7 |
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1 |
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5 |
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, DC |
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COLLECTOR±EMITTER |
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0.5 |
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FE |
3 |
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h |
2 |
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0.3 |
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VCE = 5 V |
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TC = 25°C |
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, |
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1 |
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CE |
0.1 |
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2 |
3 |
5 |
8 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
V |
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0.3 |
0.5 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
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1 |
50 |
0.1 |
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IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (AMPS) |
IB, BASE CURRENT (AMPS) |
Figure 1. DC Current Gain |
Figure 2. Collector Saturation Region |
VCE, COLLECTOR±EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
5 |
βf = 5 |
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3 |
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(VOLTS) |
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2 |
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90% |
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2 |
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10% |
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VOLTAGE |
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TJ = 25°C |
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1 |
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1 |
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0.7 |
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BASE±EMITTER, |
0.7 |
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TJ = 100°C |
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0.5 |
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0.5 |
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0.3 |
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0.3 |
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0.2 |
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BE |
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V |
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0.1 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
7 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
50 |
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0.1 |
0.3 |
1 |
3 |
10 |
1 |
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IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (AMPS) |
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IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (AMPS) |
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Figure 3. Collector±Emitter Saturation Voltage |
Figure 4. Base±Emitter Voltage |
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104 |
VCE = 250 V |
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μA) |
103 |
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( |
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CAPACITANCEC,(pF) |
CURRENTCOLLECTOR |
TJ = 150°C |
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102 |
125°C |
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101 |
100°C |
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C |
0 |
75°C |
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FORWARD |
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REVERSE |
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, |
10 |
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I |
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25°C |
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10±1 |
± 0.2 |
0 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
0.6 |
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± 0.4 |
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VBE, BASE±EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) |
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10 k
Cib
1 k
Cob
100
TJ = 25°C
10
1 |
10 |
100 |
1000 |
VR, REVERSE VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
Figure 5. Collector Cutoff Region |
Figure 6. Capacitance |
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data |
3±403 |

BUX48 BUX48A
Table 1. Test Conditions for Dynamic Performance
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VCEO(sus) |
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RBSOA AND INDUCTIVE SWITCHING |
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RESISTIVE SWITCHING |
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22 μF |
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+10 V |
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INPUT CONDITIONS |
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33 |
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D1 |
2N6438 |
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TURN±ON TIME |
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2 W |
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+10 V |
1 |
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160 |
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D3 |
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1 |
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MR854 |
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20 |
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220 |
100 |
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2 |
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MM3735 |
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0 |
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680 pF |
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22 |
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Ib1 ADJUST |
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IB1 |
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D1 D2 D3 D4 |
1N4934 |
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2 |
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0.1 |
μF |
Ib2 ADJUST |
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PULSES |
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680 pF |
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22 |
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IB1 adjusted to |
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δ = 3% |
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2N3763 |
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dTb ADJUST |
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obtain the forced |
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D4 |
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hFE desired |
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PW Varied to Attain |
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680 pF |
100 |
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MR854 |
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160 |
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TURN±OFF TIME |
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IC = 200 mA |
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33 |
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2N6339 |
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the resistive test circuit. |
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CIRCUIT VALUES |
Lcoil = 25 mH, VCC = 10 V |
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Vclamp |
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VCC = 300 V |
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Rcoil = 0.05 Ω |
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RL = 83 Ω |
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Rcoil = 0.7 Ω |
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RB ADJUSTED TO ATTAIN DESIRED IB1 |
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VCC = 20 V |
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INDUCTIVE TEST CIRCUIT |
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OUTPUT WAVEFORMS |
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RESISTIVE TEST CIRCUIT |
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t1 Adjusted to |
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Obtain IC |
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TUT |
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Rcoil |
C |
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1N4937 |
IC(pk) |
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tf Clamped |
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EQUIVALENT |
t |
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V |
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TEST |
SEE ABOVE FOR |
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DETAILED CONDITIONS |
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VCE |
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VClamp |
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VCE or |
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Test Equipment |
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0.1 Ω |
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t |
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Scope Ð Tektronix |
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TIME |
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t2 |
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475 or Equivalent |
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IC pk |
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VCE(pk) |
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90% VCE(pk) |
90% IC(pk) |
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IC |
tsv |
trv |
tfi |
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tti |
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CURRENT |
I |
90% I |
tc |
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pk |
2% IC |
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10% VCE(pk) |
BASE, |
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TIME |
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10 |
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βf = 5 |
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8 |
IC = 10 A |
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6
4
2
0
0 |
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2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
VBE(off), BASE±EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
Figure 7. Inductive Switching Measurements |
Figure 8. Peak±Reverse Current |
3±404 |
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data |

BUX48 BUX48A
SWITCHING TIMES NOTE
In resistive switching circuits, rise, fall, and storage times have been defined and apply to both current and voltage waveforms since they are in phase. However, for inductive loads which are common to SWITCHMODE power supplies and hammer drivers, current and voltage waveforms are not in phase. Therefore, separate measurements must be made on each waveform to determine the total switching time. For this reason, the following new terms have been defined.
tsv = Voltage Storage Time, 90% IB1 to 10% Vclamp trv = Voltage Rise Time, 10±90% Vclamp
tfi = Current Fall Time, 90±10% IC tti = Current Tail, 10±2% IC
tc = Crossover Time, 10% Vclamp to 10% IC
An enlarged portion of the inductive switching waveforms
is shown in Figure 7 to aid in the visual identity of these terms.
For the designer, there is minimal switching loss during storage time and the predominant switching power losses occur during the crossover interval and can be obtained using the standard equation from AN±222:
PSWT = 1/2 VCCIC(tc)f
In general, trv + tfi ] tc. However, at lower test currents this relationship may not be valid.
As is common with most switching transistors, resistive switching is specified at 25_C and has become a benchmark for designers. However, for designers of high frequency converter circuits, the user oriented specifications which make this a ªSWITCHMODEº transistor are the inductive switching speeds (tc and tsv) which are guaranteed at 100_C.
INDUCTIVE SWITCHING
t, TIME ( μs)
5 |
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TC = 100°C |
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TC = 100°C |
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TC = 100°C |
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TC = 25°C |
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TC = 25 C |
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t, TIME |
0.1 |
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0.5 |
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0.05 |
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TC = 25°C |
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0.3 |
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0.03 |
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tc |
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0.2 |
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βf = 5 |
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0.02 |
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βf = 5 |
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0.1 |
2 |
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IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (AMPS) |
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IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (AMPS) |
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Figure 9. Storage Time, tsv |
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Figure 10. Crossover and Fall Times |
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tsv |
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TC = 25°C |
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IC = 10 A |
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0.5 |
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tsv |
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βf = 5 |
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0.3 |
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t |
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μs) |
0.3 |
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0.2 |
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c |
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0.2 |
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tfi |
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TIMEt, |
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0.1 |
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tc |
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0.05 |
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tfi |
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TC = 25°C |
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IC = 10 A |
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0.01 |
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βf, FORCED GAIN |
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Ib2/Ib1 |
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Figure 11a. Turn±Off Times versus Forced Gain |
Figure 11b. Turn±Off Times versus Ib2/Ib1 |
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data |
3±405 |

BUX48 BUX48A
The Safe Operating Area figures shown in Figures 12 and 13 are specified for these devices under the test conditions shown.
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DC |
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COLLECTOR, |
0.5 |
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tr ≤ 0.7 μs |
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LIMIT ONLY |
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0.2 |
TC = 25°C |
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FOR TURN ON |
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0.1 |
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C |
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0.02 |
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5 |
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500 1000 |
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1 |
VCE, COLLECTOR±EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
Figure 12. Forward Bias Safe Operating Area
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CURRENT |
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BUX48 |
BUX48A |
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VBE(off) = 5 V |
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10 |
T |
C |
= 100°C |
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IC/IB1 ≥ 5 |
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VCE, COLLECTOR±EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) |
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FIgure 13. Reverse Bias Safe Operating Area
SAFE OPERATING AREA INFORMATION
FORWARD BIAS
There are two limitations on the power handling ability of a transistor: average junction temperature and second breakdown. Safe operating area curves indicate IC ± VCE limits of the transistor that must be observed for reliable operation; i.e., the transistor must not be subjected to greater dissipation than the curves indicate.
The data of Figure 12 is based on TC = 25_C; TJ(pk) is variable depending on power level. Second breakdown pulse
limits are valid for duty cycles to 10% but must be derated when TC w 25_C. Second breakdown limitations do not derate the same as thermal limitations. Allowable current at the voltages shown on Figure 12 may be found at any case temperature by using the appropriate curve on Figure 14.
TJ(pk) may be calculated from the data in Figure 11. At high case temperatures, thermal limitations will reduce the power
that can be handled to values less than the limitations imposed by second breakdown.
REVERSE BIAS
For inductive loads, high voltage and high current must be sustained simultaneously during turn±off, in most cases, with the base to emitter junction reverse biased. Under these conditions the collector voltage must be held to a safe level at or below a specific value of collector current. This can be accomplished by several means such as active clamping, RC snubbing, load line shaping, etc. The safe level for these devices is specified as Reverse Bias Safe Operating Area and represents the voltage±current conditions during reverse biased turn±off. This rating is verified under clamped conditions so that the device is never subjected to an avalanche mode. Figure 13 gives RBSOA characteristics.
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SECOND BREAKDOWN |
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DERATING |
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FACTOR |
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DERATING |
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THERMAL |
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DERATING |
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POWER |
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TC, CASE TEMPERATURE (°C) |
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Figure 14. Power Derating
3±406 |
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data |

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BUX48 |
BUX48A |
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EFFECTIVE TRANSIENT THERMAL |
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D = 0.5 |
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RθJC(t) = r(t) RθJC |
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θJC = 1°C/W MAX |
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D CURVES APPLY FOR POWER |
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PULSE TRAIN SHOWN |
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t1 |
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0.01 |
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READ TIME AT t1 |
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t2 |
PULSE |
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SINGLE PULSE |
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TJ(pk) ± TC = P(pk) RθJC(t) |
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DUTY CYCLE, D = t1/t2 |
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t, TIME (ms)
Figure 15. Thermal Response
OVERLOAD CHARACTERISTICS
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100 |
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TC = 25°C |
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BUX48A |
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CURRENT |
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tp = 10 μs |
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BUX48 |
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C |
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VCE, COLLECTOR±EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) |
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Figure 16. Rated Overload Safe Operating Area
(OLSOA)
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5 |
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(AMP) |
3 |
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RBE = |
10 Ω |
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R |
BE = 100 Ω |
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RBE |
= 2.2 Ω |
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BE = 0 |
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dV/dt (KV/μs) |
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Figure 17. IC = f(dV/dt)
OLSOA
OLSOA applies when maximum collector current is limited and known. A good example is a circuit where an inductor is inserted between the transistor and the bus, which limits the rate of rise of collector current to a known value. If the transistor is then turned off within a specified amount of time, the magnitude of collector current is also known.
Maximum allowable collector±emitter voltage versus collector current is plotted for several pulse widths. (Pulse width is defined as the time lag between the fault condition and the removal of base drive.) Storage time of the transistor has been factored into the curve. Therefore, with bus voltage and maximum collector current known, Figure 16 defines the maximum time which can be allowed for fault detection and shutdown of base drive.
OLSOA is measured in a common±base circuit (Figure 18) which allows precise definition of collector±emitter voltage and collector current. This is the same circuit that is used to measure forward±bias safe operating area.
500 μF
500 V
VCC
Notes:
• VCE = VCC + VBE
• Adjust pulsed current source
for desired IC, tp |
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Figure 18. Overload SOA Test Circuit
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data |
3±407 |

BUX48 BUX48A
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
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A |
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N |
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NOTES: |
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C |
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1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI |
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Y14.5M, 1982. |
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±T± |
SEATING |
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2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. |
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E |
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PLANE |
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3. ALL RULES AND NOTES ASSOCIATED WITH |
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REFERENCED TO±204AA OUTLINE SHALL APPLY. |
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D 2 PL |
K |
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INCHES |
MILLIMETERS |
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0.13 (0.005) M |
T |
Q |
M |
Y |
M |
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DIM |
MIN |
MAX |
MIN |
MAX |
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U |
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A |
1.550 REF |
39.37 REF |
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±Y± |
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B |
±±± |
1.050 |
±±± |
26.67 |
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L |
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C |
0.250 |
0.335 |
6.35 |
8.51 |
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2 |
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D |
0.038 |
0.043 |
0.97 |
1.09 |
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B |
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E |
0.055 |
0.070 |
1.40 |
1.77 |
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H |
G |
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G |
0.430 BSC |
10.92 BSC |
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H |
0.215 BSC |
5.46 BSC |
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K |
0.440 |
0.480 |
11.18 |
12.19 |
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L |
0.665 BSC |
16.89 BSC |
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±Q± |
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N |
±±± |
0.830 |
±±± |
21.08 |
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T |
Y |
M |
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Q |
0.151 |
0.165 |
3.84 |
4.19 |
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U |
1.187 BSC |
30.15 BSC |
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V |
0.131 |
0.188 |
3.33 |
4.77 |
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STYLE 1: |
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PIN 1. BASE |
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2. EMITTER |
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CASE: COLLECTOR |
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CASE 1±07
TO±204AA (TO±3)
ISSUE Z
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. ªTypicalº parameters can and do vary in different applications. All operating parameters, including ªTypicalsº must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
How to reach us: |
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USA / EUROPE: Motorola Literature Distribution; |
JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi±SPD±JLDC, Toshikatsu Otsuki, |
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INTERNET: http://Design±NET.com |
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◊ BUX48/D
*BUX48/D*