Verb, the categories of tense and time correlation.
Verb, the categories of voice and aspect.
Traditional
opposition: common aspect
(the unmarked member of the opposition and continuous
aspect
(the marked member) call
-
------ + be calling
2)
G.O.
Curme
distinguishes 4
aspects:
Durative
aspect
represents the action as continuing. He
is eating.
Point-action
aspects
call
attention, not to an act as a whole, but to only one point, either
the beginning or the final point. The
ingressive type
is often expressed by begin,
start,
in connection with an infinitive or get,
grow, fall, turn, become, run, set, take in
connection with an adjective, participle, noun or a prepositional
phrase. He
awoke early. He often gets sick. Effective
type
of
point-action aspect directs the attention to the final point of the
activity or state. The
two friends fell out. He knocked him out.
Terminative
aspect indicates
an action as a whole. He
handed me a book. I overlooked this item in my calculation.
Iterative
aspect
indicates
an indefinitely prolonged succession. He
pooh-poohs at everything. He threw his head back and haw-hawed
The category of voice
1)
Traditional opposition: active voice (the
unmarked member of the opposition) and passive
voice (the
marked member)
invites - ------+
is
invited
2)
At various times the following three
voices
have been suggested in
addition:
The
reflexive,
as in He
dressed himself.
The
reciprocal,
as in They
greeted each other,
and
The
middle voice,
as in The
door opened.
Verb,
the category of mood. Other types of expressing modality.
The
theory of a phrase.
Transformational
Generative Grammar.
Syntactic
relations in a phrase, sentence, text.
Sentence
in Transformational Generative Grammar.
Simple
sentence. Structural approach.
Sentence
in semantics.
Sentence
in pragmatics.
Actual
division of the sentence.
Composite
sentence: compound and complex sentences.
Text
Grammar.
