Устные темы к экзамену по английскому языку Оглавление

Оглавление 1

Laboratory 2

Laboratory of the Analytical Chemistry 3

Lab Safety 4

From chemical science to the lab 5

What is chemistry? Chemistry disciplines 6

Chemistry and matter 7

The chemistry of tomorrow 8

Technology 9

Science and Scientific Methods 10

Mendeleev University of chemical technology of Russia 11

Scientific work in Mendeleev University 12

Dmitri Mendeleev 13

The Periodic Table 14

Laboratory

A laboratory is a facility that provides a controlled environment in which scientific research, experiments, and measurements can be conducted. Scientific laboratories can be found in schools and universities, in industry, on government or military installations, and even onboard ships and spacecraft. Laboratories used for scientific research take different forms due to the different requirements of specialists in different fields of science. For example, a wet laboratory, a laboratory of physicists, engineers, psychologists. Despite the large differences between laboratories, some features are common. This provides a comfortable working environment for the researcher, who can spend most of his working day in the laboratory.

In some laboratories, the conditions are no more dangerous than in any other room. However, there are dangers in many laboratories. Laboratory hazards are as diverse as the subjects of study. In laboratories where dangerous conditions may exist, precautions are important. Regulations exist to minimize human risk, and safety equipment is used to protect the lab user from injury or to assist in responding to an emergency. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration in the United States, recognizing the unique characteristics of the laboratory workplace, has developed a standard for occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories. This standard is often referred to as the "Laboratory Standard" According to this standard, the laboratory is required to develop a Chemical and Hygienic Plan that takes into account the specific hazards found in its location and the approach to them.

Laboratory of the Analytical Chemistry

The laboratory usually consists of several rooms constructed for different purposes. The weighing room is protected from external influences and is used for accurate weighing, and reagent room is used for storing chemicals and apparatus. The laboratory is fitted with benches, sinks, fume cupboards and ovens. The laboratory usually has facilities for glass blowing. Heating in the laboratory is generally done directly by the Bunsen burner. Test tubes stand in a test-tube rack; they are held above the flame in wooden holder and washed out with the help of a test-tube brush. Solutions are heated in glass apparatus such as beakers and flasks. Solids are usually heated in crucibles. Crucibles are fitted with lids. There is also a lot of equipment in the lab: burners with different flames, test-tubes, beakers, crucibles, flasks of different shape, pipette, etc. All glass things are kept in special racks. In the lab you can find all most commonly uses organic and inorganic reagents. The laboratory is provided with different apparatus: desiccators, condensers, ventilating hoods and mortars, so everything in the laboratory must have a specific location in order to ensure safety for everyone in the lab.