Химия практика решенное

1. CH3CH2CH3 + Cl2,hv = CH3CH(Cl)CH3 + Mg,эфир = CH3CH(MgCl)CH3 + CO2,H,H2O = CH3CH(COOH)CH3 + NH4OH = CH3CH(COONH4)CH3 2. CH3CH(Cl)CH3 + KOH, спирт= CH2=CHCH3 + H,H2O = CH3CH(OH)CH3 + KMnO4,OH = CH3C(O)CH3 + CH3OH,H = CH3CH(OCH3)(OCH3)CH3 3. CH3CH(Cl)CH3 + NaOH,H2O = CH3CH(OH)CH3 + K2Cr2O7,H = CH3C(O)CH3 + HCN = CH3C(OH)(CN)CH3 + H,H2O = CH3C(OH)(COOH)CH3 4. CH3CH2CH2OH + H2SO4 = CH3CH=CH2 + HCl = CH3CH(Cl)CH3 + Mg, эфир = CH3CH(MgCl)CH3 + CO2,H,H2O = CH3CH(COOH)CH3 + KOH = CH3CH(COOK)CH3 5. CH2=CHCH(CH3)CH3 + HCl = CH3CH(Cl)CH(CH3)CH3 + NaOH,H,H2O = CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)CH3 + H2SO4,170 = CH3CH=C(CH3)CH3 + KMnO4, H2O = CH3CH(OH)C(CH3)(OH)CH3 6. CH2(Cl)CH(Cl)CH2CH3 + Zn, спирт = CH2=CHCH2CH3 + Br2= CH3CH(Br)CH(Br)CH3 + KOH(изб), спирт = CH=-CCH2CH3 + NaNH2,NH3 = NaC=-CCH2CH3 + CH3CH2Cl = (CH3CH2)C=-CCH2CH3 7. CH3I + Mg,эфир = CH3MgI + C2H5C(O)(H),H,H2O = C2H5CH(CH3)OH + Na = C2H5CH(CH3)ONa + CH3I = C2H5CH(CH3)OCH3 + Cl2,hv = C2H5C(Cl)(CH3)OCH3 + KOH = CH3CH=C(CH3)OCH3 8. 1) CH3CH(OH)CH3 + PCl5 = CH3CH(Cl)CH3 + Mg,эфир = CH3CH(MgCl)CH3 + CH3C(O)H = CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)(OMgCl) + H,H2O = CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)CH3 + PCl5 = CH3CH(Cl)CH(CH3)CH3 + KOH = CH3CH=C(CH3)CH3 + KMnO4 = CH3CH(OH)C(OH)(CH3)CH3 2) CH3CH2OH + K2Cr2O7,H = CH3C(O)H 9. C6H6 + H2SO4,SO3 = C6H5(SO3H) + NaOH,H2O = C6H5(SO3Na) + NaOH,t = C6H5(ONa) + CH3CH2Cl = C6H5(OCH2CH3) + Cl2,hv = C6H5(OCH(Cl)CH2) + KOH = C6H5(OCH=CH2) + HNO3,H2SO4 = C6H4(1OCH=CH2)(2NO2) 10. C6H5 + CH3Cl,AlCl3 = C6H5(CH3) + KMnO4,OH = C6H5(COOH) + NaOH,H2O = C6H5(COONa) + HNO3,H2SO4 = C6H5(1COONa)(2NO2) + CH3COCl = C6H5(1C(O)OC(O)CH3)(2NO2) 11. CH3C=-CH + H2O,Hg,H2SO4 = CH3C(O)CH3 + CH3MgBr,H,H2O = CH3C(CH3)(CH3)OH + K2Cr2O7,H = CH3C(O)CH3 + HCN = CH3C(OH)(CN)CH3 + H,H2O = CH3C(CH3)(OH)COOH 12. C6H6 + H2SO4,SO3 = C6H5(SO3H) + CH2=CHCH3,H3PO4 = C6H5(1SO3H)(2CH3CH2CH3) + Cl2,hv = C6H5(1SO3H)(2CH3C(Cl)CH3) + KCN = C6H5(1SO3H)(2CH3C(CN)CH3) + H,H2O = C6H5(1SO3H)(2CH3C(COOH)CH3) + CH3OH = C6H5(1SO3H)(2CH3C(COOCH3)CH3)