Rethinking ethnicity, 2nd Edition by Richard Jenkins

Adam, H. 30, 31 administrative allocation 70 Ahmed, A. 9

Allen, I. L. 67

Alter, P. 151

Amazonia 51 Amit, V. 5

Anderson, B. 86, 138–9, 149, 158, 167 Anderson, E. 62

Anderson, M. 72

Anthias, F. 77, 82

anthropology see cultural anthropology; social anthropology

Arel, D. 72

authority 76, 83, 142–3

Back, L. 85

Balibar, E. 88 Balkans 22, 36, 51 Balzer, M. M. 24 Bamossy, G. 69

banal nationalism 164–5 Banks, M. 14, 22, 47, 175

Banton, M. 20, 23, 50–1, 69, 77, 81, 84–5 Barker, M. 85

Barnes, J. A. 18

Barth, F. 3, 12, 13, 17–25, 28, 32, 43–4, 46–7, 49, 52, 54, 61, 63, 67, 75, 79, 82–3, 111, 126, 148–9, 169

Batley, R. 70

Bauman, Z. 72, 86, 115, 148 Baumann, G. 12, 14, 24, 31, 45, 85 Beaver Indians (Canada) 63 Becher, T. 8

Becker, H. S. 62

Beeghley, M. 56 Belgium 29 Benedict, R. 50 Benhabib, S. 31 Benjamin, W. 167 Bennett, T. 73

Bentley, G. C. 46, 48, 79 biology 6, 50–1

Billig, M. 164–5

black youth, as a ‘social problem’ 71 Blakey, M. L. 9

Blum, A. 72

Boas, F. 50 Boissevain, J. 18

Boon, J. A. 64 Borneman, J. 165

boundaries, of groups 12–13, 20–22, 24–7, 54–6, 63, 93–4, 126–7, 145–6

Bourdieu, P. 6, 26, 60, 66, 69, 79, 150 Boyd, R. 6

Brah, A. 85 Brazil 29

Breuilly, J. 139, 151 Brewer, J. 88, 112, 121, 159 Britain see Great Britain Brody, H. 63

Brown, R. M. 145

Brubaker, R. 10, 23, 25–6, 52, 57, 79, 111–2, 144, 147, 151, 165

Bruce, S. 112, 117, 121, 159

Bryan, D. 109, 120, 122, 161 Bryant, C. 129, 137, 141 Buckley, A. D. 124, 132, 159 Bulmer, M. 85

bureaucracy 70–1 Burleigh, M. 71–2, 84 Burma (Kachins) 13, 18, 48 Burton, F. 63, 119, 122, 131 Burundi 29

Calhoun, C. 25, 86, 139, 144, 147 Caribbean societies 28, 29 Carrithers, M. 45, 78

category, defined 56

categorization 23, 55–76, 82–3, 105, 109–10 ‘Celts’, the 33–4

censuses, of population 63, 72 Chapman, M. 34

Chicago School 7, 11 Chile 64, 75

China 150 Cicchetti, D. 56 Cicourel, A. V. 62

citizenship 72, 147–52, 163 class, social 56, 101–5 Clayton, P. 88, 159 Clifford, J. 6

Cohen, A. 21, 47

Cohen, A. P. 24, 44, 47, 57, 60, 67, 111, 126 Cohen, R. 15, 19, 21, 28, 30

Cohen, Y. 13 Cohn, B. S. 63, 72 Colley, L. 141

Collis, J. 34 Collmann, J. 70

colonialism 28–9, 63–4 Colson, E. 63 Comaroff, Jean 63 Comaroff, John 63

communal identity 42–5, 57–8, 86–8 communal relationships 66, 67 Connor, W. 147

Cooper, F. 25 Cooper, R. S. 73

Cornell, S. 47, 48, 65, 79, 111, 126, 145 Costa, J. 69

Coughlan, R. M. 49 cultural anthropology 4

culture 6–7, 11–15, 21–2, 29–30, 44–51, 79, 106–8, 111–27, 128–46, 148, 151, 153–55, 165, 169, 171–2

Cunliffe, B. 33

Davies, A. 81

Davies, C. 66

Davies, C. A. 35, 133–4, 154 Davis, J. 93

Day, G. 35–36, 86, 129, 136, 139, 144, 151 Denmark 49, 91, 111, 152–3, 160–4, 165–66 De Swaan, A. 73

difference 31–3, 52–3 Dikötter, F. 51, 84 Dinka (Sudan) 19, 175 Dollard, J. 67 Donnan, H. 26, 132 Doornbos, M. 31 Dorling, D. 71 Douglas, M. 66 Dresch, P. 5

Duara, P. 150, 164

Dunkerley, D. 175 Dunn, J. 56, 66 Durkheim, E. 12, 52, 83

East African pastoralist peoples 19, 48, 175 education 62, 68–9, 116–7, 126, 136–7, 154 Eidheim, H. 22, 69

Eller, I. D. 49

embodiment 59–64, 80–2, 83–6 employment 62–3, 69–70, 99–108 epistemology 4–5

Epstein, A. L. 7, 48, 61 Erickson, F. 63, 70

Eriksen, T. H. 12, 15, 22, 28, 31, 44–5, 47, 50, 57, 139, 147–8, 160, 164–5, 167

‘ethnic cleansing’ 10, 84 ethnicism 87–8

ethnicity, defined 10–16, 42–53, 77–89 ethnicity, basic anthropological model of

12–16, 21–2, 42, 169

ethnicity, historical development of concept 10–12, 17–27

ethnicity, relationship to nationalism 78–80, 86–8, 145–6, 147–52, 172

ethnicity, relationship to ‘race’ 20, 22–4, 49–51, 72, 77–8, 80–2, 83–6, 170

European Union (EU) 36, 160, 161, 162, 177 Evens, T. M. S. 13

everyday nationalism 164–6

external definition of identity 58–9, 75–6, 82–3

Fenton, S. 48, 84 Ferguson, J. 5

field research 4–5, 6, 7, 57–8 Fienberg, S. E. 72 Finlayson, A. 88, 129, 159 Firth, R. 17, 19

Fischer, M. M. J. 6 Flett, H. 70

Fog Olwig, K. 5

formality, in social relations 65, 70, 73, 164–6 Forman, S. 7

Forster, P. G. 48

Foucault, M. 71

France 24, 63 Frank, A. G. 40, 45 Freud, S. 60 Friedman, J. 45 Furnivall, J. S. 28

Geertz, C. 13–14, 43, 46–7, 49, 53, 80 Gellner, E. 79, 86, 138–9, 149, 151, 158, 177 genocide 10, 22, 76, 84, 175

Germany 23, 68, 71–2, 84, 160, 162–3, 165 Ghana 24, 63

Giddens, A. 40, 56, 58, 60, 139 Giggs, J. 33

Gil-White, F. J. 47, 51

Giliomee, H. 30, 31

Gills, B. K. 40, 45 Gilroy, P. 85 Gledhill, J. 22 Glickman, M. 19

globalization 5, 7, 26–7, 31–3, 37–9, 39–41, 42–5

Gluckman, M. 30, 175 Goffman, E. 13, 58–9, 61, 63 Goodman, M. E. 61

Goody, J. 52, 148

Goudsblom, J. 113 Govers, C. 20

Great Britain 29, 33–4, 43–4, 69, 71, 104–5, 128–46

Grenier, G. J. 24

Grimshaw, A. 6

Grillo, R. D. 31, 63, 70, 93 Grosby, S. 50

group boundaries 12–13, 20–22, 24–7, 54–6, 63, 93–4, 126–7, 145–6

group, defined 18, 56–7

group identification 18–19, 23, 25–7, 55–8, 63, 76, 82–3, 169–70

Gupta, A. 5 Gutmann, A. 31

Hacking, I. 73 Hagendoorn, L. 55, 83 Hale, H. E. 46, 47, 48 Hall, J. A. 147, 151 Hall, S. 32, 40, 45, 71

Handelman, D. 20, 21, 70, 79, 111 Hannerz, U. 41, 45, 62

Hanson, F. A. 70 Harding, P. 65 Harrison, F. V. 51 Hart, K. 6

Hartmann, D. 47, 48, 65, 79, 111, 126, 145 Hastrup, K. 5

Hatcher, R. 61, 80 healing 68

Hechter, M. 87, 93, 138–9 Helman, C. G. 68 Higgins, G. 112, 121 Hillyard, P. 70

history 5, 79, 144, 147–67, 172–3 Hobsbawm, E. J. 86, 139, 149, 155, 158 Hockey, J. 68

Hogg, M. A. 57

Hopkins, N. 111 Horowitz, D. L. 139 housing market 69, 136–7 Howe, L. E. A. 70 Howell, D. L. 64

Hughes, E. C. 11, 13, 24, 52, 79 Hughes, J. 108

humour 66–7

Hutchinson, J. 10, 138–9, 145, 151 Hutson, S. 70

ideology 14–15, 23, 30, 53, 77–89, 150–1, 164–7, 172

individual identity 13–14, 48–9, 52, 53, 57–8, 58–61, 72, 126–7, 170

individual order of analysis 58–61, 64 Indonesia 51

informal groups 67–8

informality, in social relations 65–6, 67–8, 164–66 institutional order of analysis 59, 63–4 instrumental-primordial debate 46–50, 78–9, 88–9 interaction order of analysis 59, 61–3, 64 internal definition of identity 55–6, 74–5, 76,

82–3

internal-external dialectic of identification 55, 59–63, 74–5, 82–3, 89, 169–70

internalization of identity 72, 74 Ignatieff, M. 86

Iraq 22 Irigaray, L. 31 Israel 26, 29, 84

Jackson, A. 7

James, A. 66, 68

James, S. 34

James, Wendy 5

James, William 60

Japan 23, 64

Järvinen, M. 70

Jarman, N. 109

Jenkins, R. 8, 14, 23–5, 27, 42–3, 49, 51, 54,

58, 60, 62–3, 65, 73–5, 78, 82, 85, 106,

115, 119, 123–6, 145, 160–3, 165, 176

Kaplan, J. B. 73 Karn, V. 70 Kaye, K. 56, 66 Kapferer, B. 13 Kaufman, J. S. 73

Kedourie, E. 139, 177 Kenny, M. C. 124 Kertzer, D. I. 72

kinship relationships 46, 50, 66, 68, 87, 117 Kitsuse, J. I. 62

Kuper, A. 6, 64 Kuper, L. 28, 30–1

labour market 62–3, 69–70, 99–108 La Fontaine, J. 51

Laing, R. D. 56 Lamont, M. 24, 26, 69 Lanclos, D. M. 63, 119

language 11, 34, 48, 111, 130, 134–8, 143–4, 152, 153–5, 166

Lane, C. 113

Leach, E. 4–5, 13, 18, 48 Lee, S. M. 72 LeEspiritu, Y. 72 Lemert, E. M. 62

Lentz, C. 24, 63. 78 Levi, M. 87 Levine, H. 57, 79 Lévi-Strauss, C. 50 Liddiard, M. 70 Liebow, E. 62

Linde-Laursen, A. 162, 164 Lipsky, M. 70

Llobera, J. 139, 144, 148, 150 London 24

Luckmann, T. 39

McAllister, I. 124

McCrone, D. 86, 139, 141, 144, 151

McFarlane, G. 117, 132 McGarry, J. 94, 105, 109, 142 McKernan, J. 88 MacClancey, J. 45

Mackay, H. 69

MacLeod, J. 62

Makah (native Americans) 62 Malinowski, B. 17 Malesevic, S. 24

Mapuche (Chile) 64, 75 Marcus, G. 6, 45

market relationships 69–70 marketing 69

Marx, K. 56 Marriage 68, 117 Matza, D. 62 Mauritius 44

Maybury-Lewis, D. 31 Mayer, A. C. 18 Mead, G. H. 3, 6, 60 medicine 68, 73 Megaw, J. V. S. 33 Megaw, M. R. 33 Miami (USA) 24

migration 33–5, 129, 136–7, 154–5 Mik-Meyer, N. 70

Miles, R. 23, 80–1, 88, 159 Miller, D. 45, 69

Milner, D. 61, 80

Mitchell, C. 112, 117–20, 124–5, 159 Mitchell, J. C. 18

Modernity 31–2, 39–41, 44–5, 52–3, 73, 86, 148–52, 166–7

Modood, T. 72 Moerman, M. 13, 42 Molnár, V. 24, 26, 69 Moore, R. 88 Moore, R. I. 149 Morris, B. 60 Müller-Hill, B. 72

Nairn, T. 37, 142, 177 Nash, J. 64

nation 10, 11–12, 45, 47, 147–67 national identity 15, 44, 86–7, 111–2, 165

nationalism, 11–12, 15, 44–47, 86–88, 111–2, 124–5, 147–67

nationalism, banal 164–5 nationalism, defined 86, 151–2, 164–6 nationalism, everyday 164–6

nationalism, relationship to ethnicity 78–80, 86–8, 145–6, 147–52, 172

Nazi Germany 23, 68, 71–2, 84 Nazroo, J. 68

Nelson, S. 88, 159

Netherlands 113–4

Newcomer, P. J. 19

nominal identification 43, 58, 74–6, 108–10, 112, 125

Northern Ireland 1, 49, 63, 88, 91, 93–127, 128–46, 152–3, 156–9, 165–6

Norway 69, 162 Nuer (Sudan) 19, 175

Oakes, P. 57

official classification 71–2 official statistics 63, 71–2 Ogan, E. 64

Okely, J. 67 organized politics 71

O’Leary, B. 94, 105, 109, 142 O’Sullivan See, C. 144 Østergård, U. 10, 150, 160–3, 165

Paine, R. 13

Palestine 113

Papua New Guinea 64, 69

participant observation 4–5, 6, 7, 57–8 Pattie, C. 33

Pelto, G. H. 7

Pelto, P. J. 7 Percy-Smith, J. 70 Perez, L. 24 Pleck, E. H. 68

plural societies model 28–33 pluralism 28–41, 155

politics 65, 71, 104–5, 128–46 Portes, A. 24

postmodernism 31–3 postmodernity 17, 39–41, 44–5 power 54–76, 83, 142–3, 170 pragmatic individualism 58 primary identities 49, 80

primary socialization 49, 60–61, 65–6, 80, 126 primordiality 46–50, 80–2, 88–9

Prottas, J. M. 70 Pryce, K. 67 public image 61–3

‘race’ 3, 10, 11–12, 15, 20–4, 51, 72–3, 77–8, 80–2, 87–6

‘race’, relationship to ethnicity 20, 22–4, 49–51, 72, 77–8, 80–2, 83–6, 170

racism 23–4, 50–1, 72, 74, 77–8, 81–2, 83–9, 154, 159, 172

Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 13 Ranger, T. 155

Rapport, N. 22, 31

Raudzens, G. 40, 45 recruitment interviewing 70 Redfield, R. 54

Reicher, S. 111

religion 96, 107, 111–27, 155, 157, 165 religious conflict 111–27

Rex, J. 22, 23, 48, 80, 82 Reynolds, S. 150 Richards, M. P. M. 66 Richerson, P. J. 6 Ringer, B. B. 84

Rist, R. C. 62

Ritzer, G. 41 Robertson, R. 41, 45 Roman Empire 33–4 Romania 38, 112, 165

routine public interaction 65–67

Ruane, J. 10–11, 24, 44, 48–9, 53, 74, 94, 106, 124, 144, 157

Runciman, S. 149 Rushdie, S. 32 Rutherford, J. 31 Rwanda 22, 175 Ryle, G. 60

Sahlins, M. 69

Sahlins, P. 26

Sales, R. 71 Samuel, R. 155

Schermerhorn, R. A. 29–31 Schlee, G. 48

Schutz, A. 39 science 72–3 Scotland 37 Scott, R. A. 70 Scourfield, J. 81 Seidman, S. 31

selfhood 55–6, 60–1, 65–6 self-image 61–2

sexual relationships 66–7, 117–8 Shils, E. 46

Shore, C. 9

Siberia 24 Siddle, R. 64 Sikhism 114

Simmel, G. 13, 175 Simpson, S. 71 Smart, B. 41

Smith, A. D. 10, 86–7, 139, 147, 148, 150–1, 165

Smith, G. 45

Smith, M. G. 23, 28–31, 83, 142 social anthropology 4–9, 50–3, 57–8 social control 70–1

social networks 18, 21, 67–8, 69, 122 social policy 71

socialization 60–1, 65–6, 68–9 sociology 3, 7–9

Solomos, J. 71, 85

South Africa 23, 28, 29, 30–1, 72, 84 Soviet Union (USSR) 26, 72, 113 Spear, T. 48

Spencer, J. W. 70

state, the 7–2, 104–5, 128–30, 139–46, 147–67 Stepick, A. 24

Stern, D. N. 56 Stone, J. 10 Stone, M. 80 Strathern, M. 5

Stuchlik, M. 64, 75

Sudan 19, 22, 175 Sweden 162

symbolism 118–20, 122, 161, 164 Sundar, N. 72

Thailand 13, 42

Thompson, A. 86, 139, 144, 151, 175 Thompson, E. P. 155

Thompson, K. 71

Todd, J. 10–11, 25, 44, 48–9, 53, 74, 94, 106, 112, 124, 144, 157

Tonniës, F. 83

tribe, concept of 11, 17–18 Troyna, B. 61, 80

Tylor, E. B. 14

United Kingdom (UK) 29, 36–7, 104, 128–46 United States of America (USA) 24, 29, 62,

63, 69, 72 Urry, J. 26

USSR see Soviet Union

Van Ausdale, D. 61

Van Den Berghe, P. L. 28, 30, 50 Verdery, K. 12, 147

Vermeulen, H. 20

violence 67, 72, 74, 109–10, 118–23, 130–4, 140–6, 153, 156–9

virtual identification 43, 58, 74–6, 108–10, 112, 125

Wade, P. 24, 51, 81, 84

Wales 33–9, 42–3, 81, 91, 128–38, 140–44,

152–5, 166–7

Waller, R. 48

Wallis, R. 8

Wallman, S. 20, 22–3, 50, 57, 77

Waters, M. 45

Weber, M. 3, 6, 10–11, 13, 24, 52, 75, 111,

139, 142, 147, 172

Wilk, R. R. 164–5

Williams, B. 12, 15, 139, 147

Willis, P. 62

Wilson, T. 26

Wippermann, W. 71–2, 84

Wolf, E. R. 11, 15

Woodward, K. 31

youth, as a ‘social problem’ 71 Yugoslavia, former 22, 36, 51