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МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РФ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова»

ДЕЛОВОЙ ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК ДЕЛОВОЙ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

(факультатив)

Методические указания для самостоятельной работы студентов по специальности 38.05.01 Экономическая безопасность

Воронеж 2018

УДК 81.432.1

Маклакова Е.А. Деловой иностранный языкю Деловой английский язык [Электронный ресурс]: методические указания для самостоятельной работы для студентов по специальности 38.05.01 Экономическая безопасность/ Е.А. Маклакова, А.А. Илунина; М-во науки и высшего образования Рос. Федерации, Фед. гос. бюджет. образоват. учреждение высш. образования “Воронеж. гос. лесотехн. ун-т им. Г.Ф. Морозова”. – Воронеж, 2017. – 39с.

Рецензент:

зав. кафедрой общего языкознания и стилистики ВГУ профессор, доктор филологических наук И.А.Стернин

Настоящие методические указания представляют собой современный подход к обучению студентов в системе высшего экономического образования. Необходимость в появлении таких методических указаний диктуется современным подходом к самостоятельной работе студентов: в них кратко и информативно представлен алгоритм освоения учебного материала по модулям, позволяющий повысить качество самообразования и стимулировать интерес пользователя к дисциплине «Деловой иностранный язык» (факультатив). Данное пособие может служить руководством для студентов, обучающихся по специальности 38.05.01 Экономическая безопасность (уровень специалитета).

ББК 81.432. 1

© Маклакова Е. А., 2018

© Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет им. Г.Ф. Морозова, 2018

ВСТУПЛЕНИЕ

Стандарты современного высшего образования предъявляют высокие требования ко всем участникам учебного процесса, совместными усилиями которых становится возможным развитие необходимых компетенций у обучаемых, успешное и качественное изучение ими дисциплины «Иностранный язык». Данные методические указания ориентируют студентов на самостоятельную работу по указанной дисциплине.

1.ЦЕЛИ И ЗАДАЧИ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

1.1.Целью дисциплины «Иностранный язык (факультатив)» является

обучение практическому владению иноязычной речью для обеспечения способности к коммуникации для решения задач межличностного и межкультурного взаимодействия.

1.2.Для достижения поставленной цели решаются следующие задачи:

-изучение основных приемов чтения и выполнения перевода литературы по специальности;

-уяснение основных приемов самостоятельной работы с техническими текстами по профилю с целью получения информации профессионального содержания из зарубежных источников;

-развитие навыков аннотирования, реферирования общенаучных и экономических текстов по профилю;

-ознакомление с правилами оформления аннотации, реферата, делового письма, типами деловых писем.

1.3.. ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К УРОВНЮ ОСВОЕНИЯ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

В результате освоения дисциплины студент должен Знать:

Иностранный язык в объеме, необходимом для получения информации из иноязычных источников.

Уметь:

Использовать иностранный язык в межличностном общении и профессиональной деятельности.

Владеть:

Навыками выражения своих мыслей и мнения в межличностном и деловом общении на иностранном языке; навыками извлечения необходимой

информации из оригинального текста на иностранном языке по проблемам экономики и бизнеса.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ МОДУЛЬ 1

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Определите, является ли выражение

The terms of delivery define what the price actually includes and stipulate the mutual

INCOME

The second of the three economic issues is the question of income distribution, the way in which income - that's what people earn - is distributed or shared around.

You have an annual income - that is what you earn in a year. This income allows you to enjoy various goods and services. It means you have a certain standard of living. Your standard of living includes what you think of as necessary to your life, things like food, water, somewhere to live, health and education. But your income doesn't just cover the necessities of life. It also includes recreation, whether that's sport or TV or a holiday.

Just as you and your family have an income, so different countries have an income - the national income, it's often called. A national income is not the money the government gets. The national income is the sum total of the incomes of all the people living in that country, in other words, everyone's income added together. In the same way one can think of world income as the total of all the incomes earned by all the people in the world.

Concerning the distribution of national and world income, some questions are to be asked: who, in the world, gets what share of these incomes? The distribution of income, either in the world or in a country, tells us how income divided between different groups or individuals. In poor countries the income per head is only one hundred and fifty-five pounds per year. But at the same time, they have fifty point

seven per cent of the world's population. These poor countries only have five per cent of the world's income.

In middle-income countries the income per head is eight hundred and forty pounds. In the major oil countries it's seven thousand, six hundred and seventy. In industrial countries it's six thousand, two hundred and seventy. Turning to middleincome countries again, they have twenty-five point one per cent of world population, with fourteen point two per cent of world income. The major oil countries have point four per cent of population, the industrial countries fifteen point six. The oil countries have one point five per cent of world income, the industrial countries sixty-four point eight.

The first economic question is for whom does the world economy produce? It produces essentially for the people living in the rich industrial countries. They get sixty per cent of the world's income, although they only have sixteen per cent of its population. This suggests an answer to the second question of what is produced. The answer is that most of world production will be directed towards the goods and services that these same rich industrialized countries want. The third question is how goods are produced. In poor countries, with little machinery, not very much technical training and so on, workers produce much less than workers in rich countries. It accounts for an unequal distribution of income, not just between countries but also between members of the same country, although there individual governments can

help through taxation.

Задание 2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

Through most of history, ___________ were set by buyers and seller negotiating

Задание 3. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

When your company starts __________ a strong bottom line, a bank might be willing to extend credit to you.

а) show c) to show

b) to be shown d) to be showing

Задание 4. Дополните микродиалог

Well, I’m sure you’ll understand that’s a reasonable offer. - ____________________.

а) I hope you are. c) Yes, but I’m sure you could offer a bit more.

b) That was impossible. d) Everything is correct.

Задание 5. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

These tax benefits are created by the _______ Congress to encourage investment in particular areas of the economy.

Задание 6. Перед Вами бланк. Соотнесите информацию под определенным номером с тем, что она обозначает

МОДУЛЬ 2

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Определите, какой из абзацев содержит следующую информацию

а) There are some disadvantages of a pure market economy. b) How does the market economy model work?

c) People are free to pursue their own interests in a free market.

MARKET ECONOMY

1.In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy, the government does not intervene in it. The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production and private supplies of capital, which can be defined as surplus income available for investment in new business activities. Workers are paid wages by employers according to how skilled they are and how many firms wish to employ them. They spend their wages on the products and services they need. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which are favored. Firms producing these goods will make more profits and this will persuade more firms to produce these particular goods rather than less favored ones. In a market economy it is consumers who decide what is to be produced. Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favored products.

2.Such a system is, at first view, very attractive. The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed, which allows more resources to be available for production. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible. In a free market individual people are free to pursue their own interests. Suppose you invent a new kind of car. You want to make money out of it in your own interests. But when you have that car produced, you are in fact moving the production possibility frontier outwards. You actually make the society better-off by creating new jobs and opportunities, and you do it without any government help or intervention.

3.Not surprisingly there are also problems. Some goods would be underpurchased if the government did not provide free or subsidized supplies. Examples of this type of good and service are health and education. A cornerstone of the market

system is that production alters swiftly to meet changing demands. These swift changes can, however, have serious consequences. Imagine a firm, which switches from labor-intensive production to one where new technology is employed in the factory. The resulting unemployment could lead to social as well as economic problems. In a market economy there might be minimal control on working conditions and safety standards concerning products and services. It is necessary to have large-scale government intervention to pass laws to protect consumers and workers. Finally, firms have to have confidence in future sales if they are to produce new goods and services. At certain times they tend to lack confidence and cut back on production and the development of new ideas. This decision, when taken by many firms, can lead to a recession. A recession means less spending, fewer jobs and a decline in the prosperity of the nation.

Задание 2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

________________ lets the seller repeat a message many times and compare the

Задание 3. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

Marketing ____________ the product ___ sale and promoting it; it involves four steps called the marketing mix: Packaging, Pricing, Placement, Promotion.

Задание 4. Дополните микродиалог

What about the Draft Contract? - _________________________.

а) We are going to talk about the offer. c) I’ll certainly be there.

b) Oh, I haven’t finished it yet. d) That sounds fine.

Задание 5. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

London and many other British cities and towns still have some traditional ________

(=buses with two floors).

а) traffics c) double-deckers

МОДУЛЬ 3

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Определите, какой из абзацев содержит следующую информацию

а) There are several markets involved in the purchase of a hamburger.

b)What is meant by the market?

c)The role of markets and prices in the economy is great.

MARKETS

1.A market is simply a mechanism, which allows individuals or organizations to trade with each other. Markets bring together buyers and sellers of goods and services. In some cases, such as a local fruit stall, buyers and sellers meet physically. In other cases, such as the stock market, business can be transacted over the telephone, almost by remote control. A market is a shorthand expression for the process by which households' decisions about consumption of alternative goods, firms' decisions about what and how to produce, and workers' decisions about how much and for whom to work are all reconciled by adjustment of prices. Prices of goods and of resources, such as labour, machinery and land, adjust to ensure that scarce resources are used to produce those goods and services that society demands.

2.Much of economics is devoted to the study of how markets and prices enable society to solve the problems of what, how and for whom to produce. Suppose you buy a hamburger for your lunch. What does this have to do with markets and prices? You chose the cafe because it was fast, convenient and cheap. Given your desire to eat, and your limited resources, the low hamburger price told you that this was a good way to satisfy your appetite. You probably prefer steak but that is more expensive. The price of steak is high enough to ensure that society answers the "for whom" question about lunchtime steaks in favour of someone else. Now think about the seller's viewpoint. The cafe owner is in business because, given the price of hamburger meat, the rent and the wages that must be, paid, it is still possible to sell hamburgers at a profit. If rents were higher, it might be more profitable to sell hamburgers in a cheaper area or to switch to luxury lunches for rich executives on expense accounts. The student behind the counter is working there because it is a suitable part-time job, which pays a bit of money. If the wage were much lower it would hardly be worth working at all. Conversely, the job is unskilled and there are plenty of students looking for such work, so owners of cafes do not have to offer very high wages.

3.Prices are guiding your decision to buy a hamburger, the owner's decision to sell hamburgers, and the student's decision to take the job. Society is allocating