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МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РФ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова»

ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК.

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ К ПРАКТИЧЕСКИМ ЗАНЯТИЯМ

ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ПО СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТИ 38.05.01 ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ

Воронеж 2018

УДК 81.432.1

Маклакова Е.А. Иностранный язык. Английский язык [Электронный ресурс]: методические указания к практическим занятиям для студентов по специальности 38.05.01 Экономическая безопасность/ Е.А. Маклакова, А.А. Илунина; М-во науки и высшего образования Рос. Федераци, Фед. гос. бюджет. образоват. учреждение высш. образования “Воронеж. гос. лесотехн. ун-т им. Г.Ф. Морозова”. – Воронеж, 2018. – 39с.

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Рецензент:

зав. кафедрой общего языкознания и стилистики ВГУ профессор, доктор филологических наук И.А.Стернин

Настоящие методические указания представляют собой современный подход к обучению студентов в системе высшего экономического образования. Необходимость в появлении таких методических указаний диктуется современным подходом к практической работе студентов: в них кратко и информативно представлен алгоритм освоения учебного материала по модулям, позволяющий повысить качество образования и стимулировать интерес пользователя к дисциплине «Английский язык». Данное пособие может быть использовано на практических занятиях со студентами, проходящими обучение по специальности 38.05.01 Экономическая безопасность.

ББК 81.432. 1

© Маклакова Е. А., 2018

© Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет им. Г.Ф. Морозова, 2018

ВСТУПЛЕНИЕ

Стандарты современного высшего образования предъявляют высокие требования ко всем участникам учебного процесса, совместными усилиями которых становится возможным развитие необходимых компетенций у обучаемых, успешное и качественное изучение ими дисциплины «Иностранный язык». Данные методические указания ориентируют студентов на самостоятельную работу по указанной дисциплине.

ВСТУПЛЕНИЕ

Стандарты современного высшего образования предъявляют высокие требования ко всем участникам учебного процесса, совместными усилиями которых становится возможным развитие необходимых компетенций у обучаемых, успешное и качественное изучение ими дисциплины «Иностранный язык». Данные методические указания ориентируют студентов на самостоятельную работу по указанной дисциплине.

1.ЦЕЛИ И ЗАДАЧИ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

1.1.Целью дисциплины «Иностранный язык (факультатив)» является

обучение практическому владению иноязычной речью для обеспечения способности к коммуникации для решения задач межличностного и межкультурного взаимодействия.

1.2.Для достижения поставленной цели решаются следующие задачи:

-изучение основных приемов чтения и выполнения перевода литературы по специальности;

-уяснение основных приемов самостоятельной работы с техническими текстами по профилю с целью получения информации профессионального содержания из зарубежных источников;

-развитие навыков аннотирования, реферирования общенаучных и экономических текстов по профилю;

-ознакомление с правилами оформления аннотации, реферата, делового письма, типами деловых писем.

1.3. . ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К УРОВНЮ ОСВОЕНИЯ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

В результате освоения дисциплины студент должен Знать:

Иностранный язык в объеме, необходимом для получения информации из иноязычных источников.

Уметь:

Использовать иностранный язык в межличностном общении и профессиональной деятельности.

Владеть:

Навыками выражения своих мыслей и мнения в межличностном и деловом общении на иностранном языке; навыками извлечения необходимой

информации из оригинального текста на иностранном языке по проблемам экономики и бизнеса.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

МОДУЛЬ 1

THE SOLE PROPRIETOR

Different types of business organisation may be classified under five headings: the sole proprietor, the partnership, the joint stock company, the co-operative society, and the public corporation.

The sole proprietor is the simplest and the oldest form of business enterprise and often referred to as the one-person business. A single person provides the capital, takes the decisions, and assumes the risks. He or she is solely responsible for the success or failure of the business and has the sole rights to such profits as may be made, or bears the sole responsibility for such losses as may accrue.

The strength of this type of firm lies in the direct personal interest of the proprietor in the efficiency of his enterprise. Ownership and control are vested in one person who enjoys all the fruits of success and has a great incentive to run the firm efficiently? This type of organisation is expected to be extremely flexible and capable of quick and easy adjustment to changes in market conditions.

The great disadvantage of the sole proprietor lies in the fact that the owner is personally liable for the debts incurred by his firm and his liability is unlimited. All his personal possessions are at risk and may be seized to meet creditor's demands. Another, disadvantage of this type of firm is the strict limitation of its ability to .acquire capital of expansion. Finance is .restricted to the amounts which the entrepreneur is able to provide from his own resources and whatever sums he can borrow on his own security.

We find the one-person business prevalent in farming, forestry, retailing, building, and repair work.

Exercise 1. Choose the right form of the verb

1.The sole proprietor (is, are) the simplest and the oldest form of business.

2.She (is, are) solely responsible for the success of the business.

3.Ownership and control (is, are) vested in one person.

4. This type of organisation (is, are) expected to be extremely flexible.

5.The owners (is, are) liable for the debts of the firm.

6.His liability (is, are) unlimited.

7.All his personal possessions (is, are) at risk.

8.Another disadvantage (is, are) the limitation of its ability to acquire capital of expansion.

9.Finance (is, are) restricted to the definite amounts.

10.The entrepreneurs (is, are) able to provide finance from their own resources.

11. The one-person business (is, are) prevalent in farming and forestry. Exercise 2. Write the sentences in the Past Indefinite Tense

1. Different types of business are classified into five groups. 2. A single person provides the capital.

3. He takes the decisions.

4. They assume the risks.

5. She has the sole rights to the profits.

6. We bear all the possible responsibility for any losses.

7. The strength of this firm lies in the direct personal interest of the proprietor. 8. One person enjoys all the fruits of success.

9. He has a great incentive to run the firm efficiently.

10.The firm is capable of quick adjustment in market conditions.

11.He borrows money on his own security.

Exercise 3. Make the sentences

1. The one-person, the sole, business, is, proprietor. 2. The risks, person, assumes, a single.

3. Expected, this, flexible, to be, type, is, of organisation. 4. All, one, the fruits, enjoys, of success, person.

5. In, vested, control, person, is, one.

6. Person, capital, provides, a single, the. 7. Profits, he, rights, has, the sole, such, to.

8. The oldest, of business, is, form, proprietor, the sole.

9. Unlimited; his, is, liability.

10.Possessions, at risk, personal, his, are, all.

11.Resources, provides, finance, he, from, own, his. Exercise 4. Put special questions to the marked words

1.The sole proprietor is often referred to as the oneperson business.

2.She is solely responsible for the failure of the business.

3.The strength of this type of firm lies in the personal interest of the proprietor.

4.A single person provides the capital.

5.He bears the sole responsibility for such losses as may accrue.

6. The firm is capable of quick and easy adjustment to changes in market conditions.

7.Finance is restricted to the amounts which the entrepreneur is able to provide.

8.Another disadvantage of this type of firm is the limitation of its capital.

9. The owner is personally liable for the debts incurred by his firm.

10.All his possessions are seized to meet the creditor's demands.

11.He husjhe sole rights to such profits as may be made.

МОДУЛЬ 2

THE PARTNERSHIP

Partnerships are voluntary combinations from 2 to 20 persons formed for the purpose of carrying on business with a view of profit. This type of organisation represents a logical development from one-person business since the obvious method by which such a firm may acquire further capital is to form a partnership.- The motive, however, may not be financial and partnerships are often formed in order to bring new ability and enterprise into the business.

Partners usually specialize in one or more aspects of business, one may be responsible for buying, one for selling, one for production, and so on. A person who joins a partnership, supplying capital and sharing in the profits, but taking no part in the management is known as a sleeping partner.

The advantages of this type of firm are similar to those of one-person business. It is a flexible organisation which allows a greater degree of specialization than the one-

person business. Since it has greater access to capital, it can achieve greater size than the sole proprietor.

The great disadvantage is the fact that the liability of the partners is unlimited and they are fully liable for the acts of the other partners». There are, however, some limited partnerships. In such firms some partners may have their liability limited to some specified sum, but at least one of the partners must have unlimited liability.

The survival of a partnership depends upon the continued harmonious relationship between numbers of people in situations which often give much cause for disagreement. «Where trading risks are very great, the partnership is not a very stable type of organisation.

Exercise 1. Make the sentences negative

1. Partnerships are voluntary combinations from 1000 to 2000 persons. 2. They are formed for the purpose of carrying on business.

3.This type of organisation represents a logical development from the public corporation.

4.Partners usually specialise in many aspects of business.

5.He is responsible for production.

6.She joins a partnership and shares in the profits.

7.This person is known as a sleeping partner.

8.This organisation allows a greater degree of specialisation.

9.It has little access to capital.

10.They are fully liable for the acts of other firms.

11.There are some limited sole proprietors.

12.All the partners have their liability limited. Exercise 2. Put general questions to the sentences

1.Partnerships carry on business with a view of profit.

2.A firm acquires further capital by forming a partnership.

3.Partnerships bring new ability and enterprise into the business.

4.Partners usually specialise in one or more aspects of business.

5.Partnership achieves greater size than the sole proprietor.

6.The liability of the partners is unlimited.

7.At least one of the partners has unlimited liability.

8.The survival of a partnership depends upon the harmonious relationship between its members.

9.Sometimes trading risks are very great.

10.The partnership is a very stable type of organisation.

11.Partnership has greater access to capital than the sole proprietor.

12.This person takes no part in the management.

Exercise 3. Find the answers in the text 1. What is the partnership?

2. What is the purpose of the partnership?

3. What is the method to acquire further capital? 4. What are the motives to form the partnership? 5. What are partnerships often formed for?

6. Who is responsible for buying, for selling, and for production in the partnership? 7. What is a sleeping partner?

8. What is the difference between the partnership and the sole proprietor? 9. What is the great disadvantage of the partnership?

10.What is the liability of the partners?

11.What are the situations which often give much cause for a disagreement?

12.Where is the partnership unstable?

МОДУЛЬ 3

THE JOINT STOCK COMPANY

The most important form of business organisation is the joint sock company. It consists of an association of people who contribute towards a joint stock of capital for the purpose of carrying on business with a view to profit. A company may be defined as a legal person created to engage in business, capable of owning productive assets, of entering into contracts, and employing labour in the same way as an individual.

There are two kinds of joint stock companies, the private company and the public company. In general, private companies are small firms, often consisting of the members of one family. The public companies are much larger units and account for about twothirds of all the capital employed by companies. Both public and private companies must have at least 2 members.

A private company must include the word «Hmite6> in its name while a public company must have the words «public limited company» at the end of its name although this can be abbreviated to pic.

The basic distinction between a private and a public company is that a public company can offer its shares and debentures for sale to general public. In the case of a private company it would be a criminal offence to ask the public to subscribe to its shares.

All companies must file annually details of their turnover, profits, assets, and other financial information about the structures and activities.

Exercise 1. Find the predicate and make it negative

1. The most important form of business organisation is the joint #ock company.

2. It consists of an association of people.

3. They contribute towards a joint stock of capital for the purpose of carrying on business.

4. A company is defined as a legal person created to engage in business.

5. This company is capable of entering into contracts.

6. There are two kinds of joint stock companies.

7. Private companies are small firms, often consisting of the members of one family.

8. The public companies are much larger units.

9. Both public and private companies have at least 2 members.

10. A private company includes the word "limited" in its name.

11. A public company offers its shares and debentures for sale to general public. 12. All companies file their financial information about the structures and activities. Exercise 2. Find modal verbs and make the sentences interrogative

1 . We may define a company as a legal person.

2. A company can own productive assets and enter into contracts.

3. A company may employ labour in the same way as an individual.

4.These companies must have at least 2 members.

5. A private company must include the word "limited".

6. A public company must have the words "public limited company" at the end of its name.

7. The words "public limited company" can be abbreviated to pic.

8. A public company can offer its shares and debentures for sale to general public.

9 . All companies must file annually details of their financial activity. 10. A private company must not ask the public to subscribe to its shares. Exercise 3. Make sentences

МОДУЛЬ 4

CO-OPERATIVES

There are basically two forms of co-operative enterprises, one which operates on the basis of worker control and one on the basis of consumers' control.