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Министерство образования и науки РФ Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова»
Литвинова Ю.А. Литвинова Л.А.
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Методические указания к практическим занятиям для обучающихся по профессии 23.02.07 «Техническое обслуживание и ремонт двигателей,
систем и агрегатов автомобилей»
Воронеж 2017
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ББК 81.432.1-923
Методические указания к практическим занятиям для обучающихся по профессии 23.02.07 Техническое обслуживание и ремонт двигателей, систем и агрегатов автомобилей / Ю.А. Литвинова, Литвинова Л.А.; М-во образования и науки РФ, ФГБОУ ВО «ВГЛТУ». – Воронеж, 2017. – 14 с.
Печатается по решению учебно-методического совета ФГБОУ ВПО «ВГЛТА» (протокол № )
Рецензент: доктор филологических наук, профессор кафедры общего языкознания и стилистики ВГУ Стернин И.А.
Настоящие методические указания представляют собой современный подход к обучению бакалавров в системе высшего образования. Необходимость в появлении таких методических указаний диктуется современным подходом для работы студентов на практических занятиях: в них кратко и информативно представлен алгоритм освоения учебного материала по модулям, позволяющий повысить качество самообразования и стимулировать интерес пользователя к дисциплине «Английский язык». Данные методические указания могут служить руководством для студентов 1 курса по направлению обучения «Техническое обслуживание и ремонт двигателей, систем и агрегатов автомобилей».
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Оглавление
Unit 1……………………………………………………………………….4
Unit 2……………………………………………………………………….5 Unit 3……………………………………………………………………….6 Unit 4 ………………………………………………………………………7
Unit 5 ………………………………………………………………………8
Unit 6 …………………………………………………………………… 10 Unit 7 …………………………………………………………………… 11 Unit 8 …………………………………………………………………… 12 Unit 9 …………………………………………………………………… 13
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Unit 1
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.
Passport Control
Many long-distance travels, especially that undertaken for business reasons, may be by air. There are regular flights between regional airports, as well as to and from London.
When the plane arrives at the Heathrow Airport the passengers get out of the plane and go into the building of the airport. After passing along endless corridors they get to the passport control point called Immigration.
There are two gates. One is for passengers from EU (European Union) countries. And the other gate is for passengers from all other countries.
After queuing up for some time the group comes up to the queue marshal who signals what officer is free. And each person goes to the counter indicated.
Some Russian businessmen have difficulty in speaking with the English Immigration officers and answering their questions.
Usually English officers do not like strangers to help them with interpreting. In such cases the officers ask their own interpreters for help. Probably most of these interpreters are staff members of Immigration.
Задание 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту
1.What for are many long-distance travels undertaken?
2.What happens when the train arrives at the airport?
3.How is the passport control point called?
4.What kinds of gates are there at Immigration?
5.Who has problems in speaking with the English Immigration officers?
Задание 3. Выпишите 5 предложений в Present Simple Tense (Active),
поставьте их в отрицательную и вопросительные формы.
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Задание 4. В последовательном порядке запишите процедуру прохождения в аэропорте (на английском языке).
Задание 5. Разделите текст на смысловые части и составьте аннотацию на английском языке.
Unit 2
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.
History of London
London was not built as a city in the same way as Paris or New York. It began its life as a Roman fortification at a place where it was possible to cross the River Thames. A wall was built around the town to defend it, but during the long period of peace that followed the Norman Conquest, people built their houses outside the walls. This building continued over the years.
In 1665 there was a terrible plague in London that killed too many people. In 1666 the Great Fire of London ended the plague, but it also destroyed much of the city. Although many people who had fled from London during the plague returned there to live in the rebuilt city after the plague and the Great Fire, there were never again so many Londoners living in the city centre.
These days London has spread further outwards into the country, including surrounding villages. Today the metropolis of Greater London covers about 610 square miles (1580 sq. km), and the suburbs of London continue even beyond this area. Some people even commute over 100 miles (over 150 km.) every day to work in London.
The gradual growth of the city helps to explain the fact that London does not have just one centre, it has a number of centres, each with a distinct character: the Government centre in Westminster, the shopping and entertainment centre in the West End, the financial and business centre called the City.
Задание 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту
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1.How was London built?
2.How did it begin its life?
3.What for was a wall around the town built?
4.When was a terrible plague?
5.What ended the plague?
6.What territory does London cover?
7.How many centers does London have?
Задание 3. Выпишите 5 предложений в Past Simple Tense (Active or Passive), поставьте их в отрицательную и вопросительные формы.
Задание 4. Выделите основные черты Лондона в прошлом и в настоящем
(на английском языке).
Задание 5. Разделите текст на смысловые части и составьте аннотацию на английском языке.
Unit 3
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.
The Labour Market
In Britain and US people often have a part-time job but do not start work properly until they are 16, or older if they take some form of further education. The usual age for retirement is now 65.
About 131 million Americans have jobs, and around 5% of these moonlight (= have a second job).
The British labour force is about 27 million, over half of which are white-collar workers (=people with office job) or professionals. Blue-collar workers, workers in factories and on building sites often have difficulty staying in work.
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In many American families, the man is still the breadwinner or the person who supports the family. But the number of women in employment has doubled since the 1960s. In about half of all families both the mother and the father work.
In Britain, women are nearly 50% of the workforce, and form the majority of part-time workers. Some jobs traditionally done by women, such as secretarial work and nursing, still attract more women than men, though discrimination is illegal.
Most people find jobs through advertisements in newspapers or, in Britain, at Jobcentres. Some register with an employment agency. Many people choose to be self-employed (=to have their own business) or to work freelance for several employers.
Задание 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту
1.When do people in the UK and the USA begin to work?
2.What is the usual age for retirement?
3.What kinds of workers are there in the UK?
4.Who is the breadwinner in the USA?
5.Who forms the majority of part-time workers in Britain?
6.How do most people find jobs?
Задание 3. Выпишите 5 предложений в Present Simple Tense (Active),
поставьте их в отрицательную и вопросительные формы.
Задание 4. Выделите основные моменты на рынке труда в Великобритании и США(на английском языке).
Задание 5. Разделите текст на смысловые части и составьте аннотацию на английском языке.
Unit 4
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.
ECOLOGICAL TOURISM - A NEW TYPE OF TOURISM Today the modern tourism is one of the largest industry of the world that employs 127 million people: each fifteenth of all the working people in the world. Second,
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it is a leading tax-payer. And, at last, it is the most quickly-developed world industry. These are the advantages and positive moments of the world tourism. But developing so intensively it is harmful towards the environment. However, it is often considered that economical problems must be paid attention after ecological ones. If we do not change the situation tourism can disappear.
Tourism is the business of providing things for people to do, places for them to stay when they are on holidays. There are different types of tourism nowadays: medical, recreational, religious, business, ecological etc. Ecological tourism is what we are interested in. This is a new type of tourism; it is opposite to the old, traditional one. What is the difference between traditional tourism and ecotourism? Tourists can enjoy the nature but save the earth at the same time. Or so goes the theory of “ecotourism”. Ecotourism was based on the realization that some people (usually poor Africans, Asians, and Latin Americans) live in places surrounded by precious living things. And other people – well-off and rich Americans and Europeans – want to see them and preserve.
The idea was to enable people in the developing world to earn money by preserving nature rather than using nature up.
Local environmentalists proclaimed the idea of ecotourism. Sometimes ecotourism is beset by ecotroubles. For example, tourists come to Mexico‘s
Pacific coast to watch green sea turtles on moonlit beaches. But the beachfront hotels cast such bright light that turtles become disoriented. Whale-watching frighten the whales and they dive underwater.
Of course, the above-mentioned facts can be considered as disadvantages of ecotourism. For these goals a visiting management is used, it controls time of trip, types of the visit as well as the maximum number of visitors to a region.
Задание 2. Выпишите выделенные слова и переведите их на русский язык.
Задание 3. Задайте 5 специальных вопросов к тексту и ответьте на них.
Задание 4. На английском языке напишите о преимуществах и недостатках
туризма.
Задание 5. Разделите текст на смысловые части и составьте аннотацию на
английском языке.
Unit 5
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.
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Traditions in the UK
There are some British traditions and customs concerning their private life.
The British are considered to be the world’s greatest tea drinkers. And so tea is
Britain‘s favorite drink. The English know how to make tea and what it does for you. In England people say jokingly: ‗The test of good tea is simple. If a spoon stands up in it, then it is strong enough; if the spoon starts to wobble, it is a feeble makeshift‘.
Every country has its drinking habits, some of which are general and obvious, others most peculiar. Most countries also have a national drink. In England the national drink is beer, and the pub ―pub‖, where people talk, eat, drink, meet their
friends and relax.
The word ―pub‖ is short for ―public house‖. Pubs sell beer. (British beer is
always warm). An important custom in pubs is ―buying a round‖. In a group, one person buys all the others a drink. This is a ―round‖. Then one by one all the people buy rounds, too. If they are with friends, British people sometimes lift their
glasses before they drink and say: ―Cheers‖. This means ―Good luck‖.
Pub names often have a long tradition. Some come from the thirteenth or fourteenth century. Every pub has a name and every pub has a sign above its door.
The |
sign |
shows |
a |
picture |
of |
the |
pub‘s |
name. |
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And as you know, the British talk about the weather a lot. They talk about the |
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weather because it changes so often. Wind, rain, sun, cloud, snow – they can all happen in a British winter – or a British summer.
Задание 2. Выпишите выделенные слова и переведите их на русский язык.
Задание 3. Задайте 5 специальных вопросов к тексту и ответьте на них.
Задание 4. На английском языке перечислите основные традиции, которые характерны для британцев.
Задание 5. Разделите текст на смысловые части и составьте аннотацию на английском языке.
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Unit 6
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.
A Visit to Greenwich
Greenwich is a very beautiful parkland on the outskirts of London, on the bank of the River Thames. The Thames, a major waterway of England, flows from Cotswolds to the North Sea and is about 210 miles long. It flows via Oxford, Reading and London.
Greenwich is famous for Greenwich Mean Time, the Royal Observatory and the National Maritime Museum.
The National Maritime Museum tells the story of Britain and the sea. The star attraction of the Museum is the Neptune Hall, which explains the development of boats from prehistoric times to the present day. In the Nelson Galleries you can see the uniform jacket, with a bullet hole in the left shoulder, which Nelson was wearing when he was fatally wounded at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
The old Royal Observatory is part of the Maritime Museum and consists of a few historic buildings, high on the Hill above the Thames. Early telescopes and time-measuring instruments are displayed in Flamsteed House where John Flamsteed, the first Astronomer Royal, lived.
The large Gate Clock measures Greenwich Mean Time, the standard by which time is set all round the world. And you can stand astride the Greenwich Meridian, marked by a brass strip crossing the Observatory courtyard.
Задание 2. Выпишите выделенные слова и переведите их на русский язык.
Задание 3. Задайте 5 специальных вопросов к тексту и ответьте на них.
Задание 4. На английском языке перечислите основные черты Национального музея.
Задание 5. Разделите текст на смысловые части и составьте аннотацию на английском языке.