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2008

Mass media……………………………………………..……………………….…..8 News or Entertainment? ……………………….……………………………….…..8 The newspapers and its reader……………………………………………….…......9 Intellectual Qualities of Newspapers’ Readers…………………………….……....10

Part 1. PR and Mass Media…………………….………………………..…….........15 Media Dependence on Public Relations…………………………………..….…....15 Public Relations Dependence on the Media ……….……………………..…….....17 Areas of Friction……………………………………………………….…..……....19

Part 2. Тhe World-famous newspapers……….…………………………..….…….21

The British Press……………………………………………….…………..……...21 Press in Britain…………………………………………………..…………..……..22 The Guardian…………………………………………………………...…..……...24 American Press………………………………………………………..……..…….32 The Metropolitan Press-1………………………………………………..…….......34 The Metropolitan Press-2………………………………………………..……..….35 The Metropolitan Press-3………………………………………………..……..….37 Los-Angeles Times…………………………………………………..…..…..…….38 New York Times………………………………………………………..……..…...39 Sunday Newspapers – World’s Largest………………………………...……..…...40

Part 3. Газетные материалы для самостоятельного анализа………..……....43

Методические указания для выполнения общих заданий к текстам……..…..43 Economics……………………………………………………………………...…..45 Crime ………………………………………………………………………..…….51 Health and Fitness …………………………………...………………………..…...55

Appendix…..…………………………………………………….....…………….......61 Greek roots…………………………………..……….…………………………….61 Words with similar sounds…………………………………………..…………….62 Homophones…………………………………..…………………………..……….63 Notes on Abbreviations……………………...………………………………..…...63 Frequently Misspelled Words………………..…………………………….………67

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hardly a corner of the world today which is not covered by the gigantic network of news-gatherers employed by the local and national newspapers and the great news agencies.

Very briefly, the system operates thus. Local news is collected by the reporters and district representatives of provincial newspapers, and by the local staff correspondents of the national dailies. Events of national importance are covered by staff reporters of the national dailies and by special correspondents of both the national and provincial Press.

In addition, home news is reported by district correspondents of the news agencies, notably the Press Association, the Exchange Telegraph and Central News. Foreign news is gathered by Reuters news agency and by the foreign correspondents employed by the national dailies and some of the larger provincial papers. Items of interest to particular sections of the community (e.g. trade and technical news) are gathered by a number of smaller news agencies operating in different parts of the country.

Задание 2. Ознакомьтесь со списком слов из текста, дополните без обращения к словарю пустые строки перевода.

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Задание 3. Переведите данные ниже словосочетания и фразы, составьте с ними предложения.

to place the emphasis on smth to be of topical interest

to a marked degree

to be of little (great) concern to smb to call for smth

to be of national importance

to have a wide acquaintance with smth a problem of topical interest

of national importance of great concern

of interest

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of little concern of no importance of high priority

Задание 4. Продолжите предложение, используя данные в таблице слова и словосочетания.

News is made...

Задание 5. Сделайте вывод о природе и функционировании информационных текстов в современном обществе. Используя лексику текста, переведите ваш вывод на английский язык. Используйте при этом следующие и другие модели:

Telling about the nature of news in modern society, it is worth to say that…

To my mind, the news in modern society must express the following points….

I think, the nature of news in modern society is a subject of discussion among journalists, linguists, …

As far as I understand, the system of collecting information operates

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thus…

Reading the text, we come to the following conclusion:…. In summarizing up I would like to say….

Задание 6. Прочитайте, переведите данные ниже тексты.

Ответьте на вопросы: What sources of news are valuable? How can we determine and define the quality and reliability of news?

Mass Media

Mass media (that is the press, the radio and television) play an important role in the life of society. They inform, educate and entertain people. They also influence the way people look at the world and make them change their views. Mass media mould public opinion. Millions of people in their spare time watch TV and read newspapers. Everybody can find there something interesting for him. On the radio one can hear music, plays, news and various discussions or commentaries of current events. Lot's radio or TV games and films attract a large audience. Newspapers uses in different ways, but basically they are read.

There is a lot of advertisement on mass media. Some of the TV and radio stations and newspapers are owned by different corporations. The owners can advertise whatever they choose. But it is hardly fair to say that mass media do not try to raise cultural level of the people or to develop their artistic taste. Mass media brings to millions of homes not only entertainment and news but also cultural and educational programs. There are more then ten TV channels and lots of radio stations and newspapers now in the Russian Federation.

News or Entertainment?

Where does your knowledge of the news come from? In Britain, 62 percent of the population gets its information from television, 23 percent from newspapers and 13 percent from radio. A TV news broadcast is therefore an important source of information. However, are TV news broadcasts more concerned with entertainment than information? Look at the facts:

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News broadcasts are introduced by the same kind lively music as other programs on TV. Programs also begun with headlines designed to attract the viewer.

The newsreaders are often attractive and friendly. They sit behind impressive desks and often feature in newspaper articles about their private lives.

The news items may be serious but they are often followed by advertisements, which make them less significant.

The average length of items is only 45 seconds. This means even important items may only get 3 or 4 minutes in coverage. As a result TV news cannot deal with complex issues and when it does it tends to simplify them.

Issues are also trivialized by the proportions of soft items in each broadcast. These are often placed at the end of the news and concern the Royal Family, animals, “strange but true” items, etc.

Задание 7. На основе текстов Mass Media и News or Entertainment? составьте один текст на английском языке, содержащий ответы на вопросы пятого задания.

Задание 8. Прочитайте и переведите данный ниже текст. Перескажите текст. С помощью данных после текста моделей и списка слов и словосочетаний первого задания дополните ваш пересказ.

The newspapers and its reader

Press is often called a mirror of current events. The information we get from newspapers and magazines helps us to know the life at home and in other countries. The newspapers’ aim is to inform the readers as fully as possible of the events taking place in Russia and abroad. They try to cover domestic and foreign policy and the public opinion on all topic all usages.

1.I can say I am fond of reading newspapers, because they give me much information on…

2.My family receives ... . I think ... is most interesting. I prefer it because ... . It's a daily (weekly, monthly) newspaper (magazine).

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