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ISSN 2409-1154 ǙǬǿǶǺǮǴǵ ǮȑǽǹǴǶ ǘȑDzǹǬǼǺǰǹǺǯǺ ǯǿǸǬǹȑǾǬǼǹǺǯǺ ǿǹȑǮDZǼǽǴǾDZǾǿ ǝDZǼ ǠȑǷǺǷǺǯȑȋ ǾǺǸ
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ǼȞȓșǮ ǿ
ȒȜȤȓțȠ ȘȎȢȓȒȞȖ ȑȓȞȚȎțȟȪȘȜȴ ȠȎ ȟșȜȐ·ȭțȟȪȘȜȴ ȢȳșȜșȜȑȳȴ Dzǰǻǵ ©DzȜțȏȎȟȪȘȖȗ ȒȓȞȔȎȐțȖȗ ȝȓȒȎȑȜȑȳȥțȖȗ ȡțȳȐȓȞȟȖȠȓȠª
ǿȏȳȠțȱȐȎǥ ǿ
ȟȠȡȒȓțȠȘȎ 9 ȘȡȞȟȡ ȢȳșȜșȜȑȳȥțȜȑȜ ȢȎȘȡșȪȠȓȠȡ Dzǰǻǵ ©DzȜțȏȎȟȪȘȖȗ ȒȓȞȔȎȐțȖȗ ȝȓȒȎȑȜȑȳȥțȖȗ ȡțȳȐȓȞȟȖȠȓȠª
ǹdzǸǿǶȅǻǥ ǼǿǼǯǹǶǰǼǿȀǥ ǽdzǾdzǸǹǮDzȁ DzǥǹǼǰǼǦ ǸǼǾdzǿǽǼǻDzdzǻȄǥǦ ǵ ǮǻDZǹǥǷǿȊǸǼǦ ǺǼǰǶ ȁǸǾǮǦǻǿȊǸǼȌ
Ⱥɧɨɬɚɰɿɹ ɇɢɡɤɚ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɿɣ ɬɚ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɿɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɦɨɜ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɟɜɧɿ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɰɶɤɨʀ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ Ⱥɧɚɥɿɡ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɳɨɞɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɶ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɢɜ ɜɢɨɤɪɟɦɢɬɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɜɢɞɢ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɣ ȼɨɥɨɞɿɧɧɹ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɦ ɞɿɚɩɚɡɨɧɨɦ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɰɶɤɢɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɣ ɡɧɚɧɧɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯ ɧɚɣɱɚɫɬɿɲɟ ɜɠɢɜɚɧɢɯ ɬɢɩɿɜ ɞɨɪɟɱɧɟ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɟ ʀɯ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɽ ɨɛɨɜ¶ɹɡɤɨɜɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɱɚ ɹɤ ɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɧɢɤɚ ɦɿɠ ɞɜɨɦɚ ɦɨɜɚɦɢ
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɚ ɦɨɜɚ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚ ɦɨɜɚ ɞɿɥɨɜɿ ɥɢɫɬɢ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɿ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ
ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ȼɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɭ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɫɜɿɬɿ ɽ ɜɢɦɨɝɨɸ ɱɚɫɭ ɜɿɞɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɧɹɦ ɡɪɨɫɬɚɸɱɨʀ ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɿɜ ɭ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɠɢɬɬɹ ɇɚɣɜɚɠɥɢɜɿɲɨɸ ɜɢɦɨɝɨɸ ɞɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɽ ɹɤɨɦɨɝɚ ɛɿɥɶɲɚ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɟɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɬɚ ɹɤɨɦɨɝɚ ɛɿɥɶɲɚ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɣɨɝɨ ɞɨ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ Ɂ ɨɝɥɹɞɭ ɧɚ ɬɟ ɳɨ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɞɿɥɨɜɚ ɩɟɪɟɩɢɫɤɚ ɜɟɞɟɬɶɫɹ ɥɢɲɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ ɭ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɜɿɬɱɢɡɧɹɧɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɿ ɧɚɛɭɥɢ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ ɪɨɡɛɿɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɦɿɠ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨɸ ɬɚ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɦɢ ɦɨɜɚɦɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɦɿɠ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɐɟ ɭ ɫɜɨɸ ɱɟɪɝɭ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɸɽ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣɦɨɜɞɿɥɨɜɨɝɨɫɩɿɥɤɭɜɚɧɧɹɡɦɟɬɨɸɭɫɭɧɟɧɧɹɧɢɡɤɢ ɫɭɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɿ ɜɞɨɫɤɨɧɚɥɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɯɧɿɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɯ ɩɚɩɟɪɿɜ ɹɤɚɜɢɦɚɝɚɽɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨʀɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɿ
Ⱥɧɚɥɿɡ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɿ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɿɣ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɹɤɿɫ-
ɧɨɝɨɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭɞɿɥɨɜɨʀɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɭɪɨɛɨɬɚɯɿɡɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɚ ɬɟɨɪɿʀɬɚɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɥɚɜɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɨɳɨ Ɍɚɤ ɛɚɝɚɬɨ ɦɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɰɿɜ ɫɟɪɟɞɧɢɯȺ ɒɜɟɣɰɟɪ ə Ɋɟɰɤɟɪ Ʌ Ȼɚɪɯɭɞɚɪɨɜ Ⱥ Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜ ȿ Ȼɚɫɫ ȼ ȿɤɤ ȼ Ƚɭɪɟɧɟɜɢɱ Ɇ Ȼɚɫɚɤɨɜ ȯ Ʉɭɬɧɿɣ ɩɪɢɫɜɹɬɢɥɢ ɫɜɨʀ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɸ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɛɿɡɧɟɫ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ Ɋɿɡɧɿ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɯ ɥɢɫɬɿɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɪɨɛɨɬɚɯ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɰɿɜ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ Ⱥ Ʌɟɜɚɲɨɜɚ ȼ Ʉɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ Ⱥ Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɚ ȱ Ⱦɚɧɢɥɸɤɚ Ɇ Ɂɭɛɤɨɜɚɬɚɿɧ
Ɉɬɠɟ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɡ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɜɢ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɽ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɿɬɱɢɡɧɹɧɢɯ ɭɱɟɧɢɯ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɢɦ ɧɟ ɥɢɲɟ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɦ ɿɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɦ ɚ ɣ ɧɢɡɤɨɸ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɱɢɧɧɢɤɿɜ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɪɨɡɲɢɪɟɧɧɹɦ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɢɯ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɿɜ ɧɚɲɨʀ ɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɩɨɝɥɢɛɥɟɧɧɹɦɿɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɿʀɭɫɜɿɬɨɜɢɣɩɪɨɫɬɿɪɬɨɳɨ
Ɇɟɬɨɸ ɫɬɚɬɬɿ ɽ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭɚɧɝɥɨɦɨɜɧɨʀɞɿɥɨɜɨʀɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɜɢɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿɜ ɳɨ ɜɢɧɢɤɚɸɬɶ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɜɢɞɿɜ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɯ ɥɢɫɬɿɜ ɬɚɨɤɪɟɫɥɟɧɧɹɲɥɹɯɿɜʀɯɩɨɞɨɥɚɧɧɹ
ȼɢɤɥɚɞ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɭ Ⱦɿɥɨɜɚ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿɹ ɧɚ-
ɥɟɠɢɬɶɞɨɨɮɿɰɿɣɧɨ ɞɿɥɨɜɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɸɦɨɜɢ ɳɨɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽɧɚɹɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɟɜɧɨʀ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿʀ ɩɨɛɭɞɨɜɢ ɦɨɜɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɦɿɫɬɭ ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɭɦɨɜ ɬɚ ɦɟɬɢ ɜɢɫɥɨɜɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ȼ Ʉɨɦɿɫɚɪɨɜ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɚɽ ɳɨ ɬɟɨɪɿɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɜɢɜɱɚɽ ɜɩɥɢɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭɦɨɜɧɢɯɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣɩɟɜɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɸɭɦɨɜɿɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭɬɚɜɦɨɜɿɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɚɬɚɤɨɠɜɡɚɽɦɨɞɿɸɰɢɯ ɦɨɜɧɢɯɹɜɢɳ> ɫ @
ɋɚɦɟ ɦɨɜɧɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ʀɯɧɿɣ ɡɦɿɫɬ ɿ ɜɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬɶ ɧɚɣɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɿɲɟ ɮɿɤɫɭɜɚɬɢ ɞɿɥɨɜɭ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɸ ɽ ɫɩɿɥɶɧɢɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ ɬɚ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɜ Ɍɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɽ ɜɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɝɨɬɨɜɢɯ ɲɬɚɦɩɿɜ ɫɬɟɪɟɨɬɢɩɧɢɯɦɨɜɧɢɯɤɥɿɲɟ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɧɚ-
ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ with best regards, WREHLQUHFHLSWRI LQFRPSOLDQFHZLWK ɡ ɧɚɣɤɪɚɳɢɦɢɩɨɛɚɠɚɧɧɹɦɢ ɞɨɜɟɫɬɢɞɨɜɿɞɨɦɚ ɡɝɿɞɧɨɡȼɚɲɢɦ ɛɚɠɚɧɧɹɦɬɨɳɨ
Ɇɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɰɿ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɶ ɳɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɸ ɪɢɫɨɸ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɞɿɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɥɢɫɬɚ ɽ ɜɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɤɥɿɲɟ ɹɤɿ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɭ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶ ɿ ɫɥɭɝɭɸɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɜɜɿɱɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɇɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ We would appreciate your
FRRSHUDWLRQ RQ WKLV PDWWHU ± Ȼɭɞɟɦɨ ɜɞɹɱɧɿ ɡɚ ɫɩɿɜɩɪɚɰɸ 7KDQN \RX LQ DGYDQFH IRU \RXU FRRSHUDWLRQ ± Ɂɚɡɞɚɥɟɝɿɞɶ ɞɹɤɭɽɦɨ ɡɚ ɫɩɿɜɩɪɚɰɸ $ZDLWLQJ \RXU SURPSW UHSO\ ± ȼ ɨɱɿɤɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɲɜɢɞɤɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿɬɨɳɨ.
ȱɫɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɦɨɜɿ ɩɨɞɿɛɧɢɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɜɢɫɥɨɜɥɸɜɚɧɶ ɡɧɚɱɧɨɩɨɥɟɝɲɭɽɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɡɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀɦɨɜɢ Ȳɯɦɨɠɧɚɡɝɪɭɩɭɜɚɬɢɡɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɦɢɨɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ
± ɡɚɦɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ :LWK UHIHUHQFH WR WKH FDWDORJɢɟ \RX VHQW XV ZH ZLVK WR SODFH WKH IROORZLQJ RUGHU ± Ɇɢ ɯɨɬɿɥɢ ɛ ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ ɬɚɤɟ ɡɚɦɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɫɢɥɚɸɱɢɫɶɧɚɤɚɬɚɥɨɝ ɹɤɢɣȼɢɧɚɦɧɚɞɿɫɥɚɥɢ
± ɩɪɨɩɨɡɢɰɿɹ Based on your annual requirement of … items,
ZH FDQ PDNH WKH IROORZLQJ RIIHU ± ȼɢɯɨɞɹɱɢ ɡ ȼɚɲɨʀ ɳɨɪɿɱɧɨʀ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢ ɜ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɦɢ ɦɨɠɟɦɨ ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ ȼɚɦ ɬɚɤɭ ɩɪɨɩɨɡɢɰɿɸ
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183

ISSN 2409-1154 ǙǬǿǶǺǮǴǵ ǮȑǽǹǴǶ ǘȑDzǹǬǼǺǰǹǺǯǺ ǯǿǸǬǹȑǾǬǼǹǺǯǺ ǿǹȑǮDZǼǽǴǾDZǾǿ ǝDZǼ ǠȑǷǺǷǺǯȑȋ ǾǺǸ
±ɜɢɛɚɱɟɧɧɹ We offer our apologies for the delay in delivery. –
Ɇɢɩɪɨɫɢɦɨɜɢɛɚɱɟɧɧɹɡɚɡɚɬɪɢɦɤɭɜɩɨɫɬɚɜɰɿ
± ɩɪɨɯɚɧɧɹ We shall (should) be obliged if you will (would)
LQIRUP XV ± Ɇɢ ɛɭɞɟɦɨ ɛɭɥɢ ɛ ɜɞɹɱɧɿ ɹɤɳɨ ȼɢ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɢɬɟ ɧɚɫ ɹɤɛɢȼɢɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɢɥɢɧɚɦ
ɍ ɞɿɥɨɜɨɦɭ ɫɩɿɥɤɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɜɚɠɥɢɜɚ ɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɭɠɢɜɚɧɧɸ ɚɛɪɟɜɿɚɬɭɪ ɿ ɫɤɨɪɨɱɟɧɢɯ ɫɥɿɜ ɹɤɿ ɫɥɭɝɭɸɬɶ ɦɨɜɧɿɣ ɟɤɨɧɨɦɿʀ ɿ ɪɨɛɥɹɬɶ ɡɦɿɫɬ ɥɚɤɨɧɿɱɧɢɦ ɬɚ ɛɿɥɶɲ ɡɪɨɡɭɦɿɥɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɭɡɶɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɚ ɮɚɯɿɜɰɿɜ ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɚɛɪɟɜɿɚɬɭɪ ɿ ɫɤɨɪɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɪɬɨ ɜɠɢɜɚɬɢ ʀɯɧɿ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɤɢ ɚɛɨ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɨɩɢɫɨɜɢɣɫɩɨɫɿɛɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ a.a.r. (against all risks) –
ɭɫɭɩɟɪɟɱ ɭɫɿɦ ɪɢɡɢɤɚɦ DF DFFRXQW FXUUHQW ± ɩɨɬɨɱɧɢɣ ɪɚɯɭɧɨɤ DPW DPRXQW ±ɫɭɦɚɬɨɳɨ
ȱɧɿɰɿɚɥɢ ɚɛɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɱɟɧɧɹ ɿɦɟɧ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɟɜɧɿ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿ ɡ ɹɤɢɦɢ ɡɿɲɬɨɜɯɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɱ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨ ɹɤɳɨ ɬɚɤɚ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɹ ɩɨɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɶɨʀ ɪɨɡɲɢɮɪɨɜɤɢ Ɍɪɟɛɚ ɩɚɦ¶ɹɬɚɬɢ ɳɨ ɿɧɿɰɿɚɥɢ ɧɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɤɨɞɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɲɨɸ ɥɿɬɟɪɨɸ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɜɧɨʀ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɿɦɟɧɿ -RKQ * +ROORZD\ ± Ⱦɠɨɧ Ƚ ɏɨɥɨɜɟɣ əɤɳɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɱɚ ɧɟɦɚɽ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢ ɩɨɜɧɟ ɿɦ¶ɹ ɬɨ ɤɪɚɳɟ ɜɢɥɭɱɢɬɢ ɿɧɿɰɿɚɥɢ ɡ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɚɛɢ ɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɩɨɦɢɥɤɢ -HUU\+ )UXHQG±ȾɠɟɪɿɎɪɭɟɧɞ
ȼɨɞɧɨɱɚɫ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɦ ɥɢɫɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɿ ɬɚɤɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ɜɢɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɿ ɹɤ ɦɟɬɚɮɨɪɢ ɦɟɬɨɧɿɦɿʀ ɟɩɿɬɟɬɢ ɟɦɨɰɿɣɧɨ ɡɚɛɚɪɜɥɟɧɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɬɨɳɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɫɢɧɨɧɿɦɿɜ ɡɜɟɞɟɧɟ ɞɨ ɦɿɧɿɦɭɦɭ ɣ ɧɟ ɦɚɽɜɢɤɥɢɤɚɬɢɞɜɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɫɬɿɫɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ
Ɇɿɠɦɨɜɧɟ ɫɩɿɥɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɹɤ ɡɚɫɿɛ ɨɛɦɿɧɭ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɽɸ ɹɤ ɿ ɛɭɞɶ ɹɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ ɚɤɬ ɜɡɚɝɚɥɿ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɬɪɚɬɨɸ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɿɫɬɸ ɿɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɿʀ ɡɦɿɫɬɭ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ Ɍɨɦɭɜɤɭɪɫɿɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɚɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɟɧɨɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɞɨɫɹɝɧɟɧɧɹɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿɭɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɰɿɦɨɜɧɢɯɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɬɚɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɫɬɿɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ɹɤɢɣɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɽɩɟɜɧɿ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɿ ɬɚ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ʀɯ ɧɚɡɢɜɚɸɬɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɹɦɢWUDQVIRUPDWLRQV
ȼɥɚɫɧɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɬɹ ©ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɿɫɬɶª ɧɟ ɽ ɭɫɬɚɥɟɧɢɦ ɬɚ ɱɿɬɤɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɦ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɦ ɇɚ ɞɭɦɤɭ ɛɚɝɚɬɶɨɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɤɿɜ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ Ⱥ Ʌɟɜɚɲɨɜɚ Ⱥ ɒɜɟɣɰɟɪɚ ɬɚ ɿɧ ɭ ɬɟɨɪɿʀ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɡɚɮɿɤɫɨɜɚɧɨ ɹɤ ɜɟɥɢɤɭ ɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ ɬɥɭɦɚɱɟɧɶ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɚ ©ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɿɫɬɶª ɬɚɤ ɿ ɪɿɡɧɨɦɚɧɿɬɬɹ ɩɿɞɯɨɞɿɜ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɬɹ > ɫ ɫ @ ȼɨɞɧɨɱɚɫ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɤɢ ɜɢɨɤɪɟɦɥɸɸɬɶ ɞɜɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɩɿɞɯɨɞɢ ɞɨ ɚɧɚɥɿɡɭ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɡ ɨɝɥɹɞɭ ɧɚ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɭ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɿɫɬɶ Ɍɚɤ Ⱥ Ʌɟɜɚɲɨɜɪɨɡɪɿɡɧɹɽɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɢ> ɫ @ Ⱥ ɒɜɟɣɰɟɪɬɚȯ Ȼɪɟɭɫɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɿɫɬɶɩɨɞɿɥɹɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɧɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɭ ɞɨɫɹɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɜɞɹɤɢ ɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɚɯ ɦɨɜɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɿ ɦɨɜɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɿɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɫɟɦ ɬɚ ɞɟɧɨɬɚɬɢɜɧɭ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɚ ɪɨɡɛɿɠɧɿɫɬɶ ɦɿɠ ɬɟɤɫɬɚɦɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɡɦɿɫɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɚɥɟ ɫɩɿɜɜɿɞɧɟɫɟɧɢɯ ɨɡɧɚɤ > ɫ ɫ @ Ɂɚ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ ȯ Ȼɪɟɭɫɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɧɢɣ ɩɿɞɯɿɞ ɫɩɿɜɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɿɡ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɦ ɭ Ⱥ Ʌɟɜɚɲɨɜɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɢɦɢ ɡɦɿɧɚɦɢɩɿɞɱɚɫɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ Ⱦɟɧɨɬɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ ɩɿɞɯɿɞ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɡɚ Ⱥ Ʌɟɜɚɲɨɜɢɦ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽ ɛɿɥɶɲɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɭ ɜɚɪɿɚɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɧɚ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɦɭɪɿɜɧɿ> ɫ @
əɜɢɳɟɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨʀɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀɭɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɿɩɨɜ¶ɹ- ɡɚɧɨ ɡ ɬɢɦ ɳɨ ɨɛɫɹɝ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ ɦɨɜ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɧɟ ɽ ɨɞɧɚɤɨɜɢɦ Ɉɬɠɟ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɿ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿ ɞɥɹ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨʀ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɿɜ ɦɿɠ ɮɨɪɦɨɸ ɬɚ ɡɦɿɫɬɨɦ ɫɥɿɜ ɿ ɫɥɨɜɨɫɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɶ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɉɪɢ ɰɶɨɦɭ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɭ ɭɜɚɝɭ
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɱ ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɩɪɢɞɿɥɹɬɢ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɜ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɦɨɜɧɿ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɿ ɜɠɢɜɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɯɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɿ ɬɚ ɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɫɥɿɜ ɳɨ ɨɛɢɪɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɿɧɲɨɦɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɩɨɜ¶ɹɡɚɧɚ ɡ ɣɨɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɭ ɦɨɜɥɟɧɧɿ ɣɨɝɨ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨɸ ɫɩɨɥɭɱɭɜɚɧɿɫɬɸ ɬɚ ɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɨɸ ɤɨɧɨɬɚɰɿɽɸ ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɫɨɰɿɨɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɭ ɫɜɿɞɨɦɨɫɬɿ ɧɨɫɿʀɜ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɦɨɜ > ɫ @ ɐɿ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɢ ɽ ɜɢɪɿɲɚɥɶɧɢɦɢ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɨɛɬɨ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɜɢɛɨɪɭ ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɢɯ ɫɥɿɜ ɭɦɨɜɿɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɡɹɤɢɯɫɤɥɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹɮɪɚɡɚ
Ⱦɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɳɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɜɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞ ɬɚ ɞɨɫɹɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɫɬɨɜɿɞɫɨɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɰɿ ɽ ɧɟɦɨɠɥɢɜɢɦɢ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɰɶɨɦɭɩɟɪɟɲɤɨɞɠɚɸɬɶɞɟɹɤɿɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ ɭɦɨɜɿɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɿɣ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤɨɜɢɣ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɤ ɿɧɲɨɦɭ ɫɥɨɜɭ ɦɨɜɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɥɢɲɟ ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɽ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɿ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɛɚɝɚɬɨɡɧɚɱɧɟ ɫɥɨɜɨ ɦɨɜɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɫɩɿɜɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɪɿɡɧɢɦɢ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɹɦɢ ɦɨɜɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭɬɨɳɨ> ɫ @
Ɉɬɠɟ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɿɥɹɸɬɶ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɿ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ ɧɚ ɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚ ɬɢɩɿɜ ɞɢɮɟɪɟɧɰɿɚɰɿɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ GLIIHUHQWLDWLRQ RI PHDQLQJ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɦ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɨɦ ɫɥɨɜɚ justice ɽ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɞɹ ɩɪɨɬɟ ɿɧɨɞɿ ɪɿɡɧɢɰɹ ɫɬɚɽ ɛɿɥɶɲ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɨɸ 'HSDUWPHQW RI -XVWLFH ± Ɇɿɧɿɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɸɫɬɢɰɿʀ WKH &RXUW RI MXVWLFH ± ɫɭɞ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɤɚɰɿɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ VSHFL¿FDWLRQ RI PHDQLQJ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ meal ± ʀɠɚ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ʀɠɿ ɚɥɟ You
KDYH KDG \RXU PHDO LQ RXU UHVWDXUDQW ± ȼɢ ɜɠɟ ɩɨɫɧɿɞɚɥɢ ɩɨɨɛɿɞɚɥɢ ɜ ɧɚɲɨɦɭ ɪɟɫɬɨɪɚɧɿ Ɉɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɮɪɚɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɨɛɢ ɜ ɹɤɢɣ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɿɹ ɬɨɛɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɱ ɡɜɟɪɬɚɽ ɭɜɚɝɭ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɿɹ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ FRQFUHWL]DWLRQ JHQHUDOL]DWLRQ RI PHDQLQJ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ , DP FHUWDLQ WKDW \RX ZLOO ¿QG D SRVLWLRQ which suits you soon and I believe that you have a great deal to
FRQWULEXWH ± ə ɜɩɟɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɳɨ ɫɤɨɪɨ ȼɢ ɡɧɚɣɞɟɬɟ ɩɨɫɚɞɭ ɹɤɚ ɡɚɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɢɬɶ ȼɚɫ ɿ ɜɜɚɠɚɸ ɳɨ ȼɢ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ ɜɟɥɢɤɢɣ ɜɧɟɫɨɤ Ʌɟɤɫɢɱɧɿɨɞɢɧɢɰɿɦɨɜɢɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭɡɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɢɦɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɭɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɥɟɤɫɟɦɨɸ ɡ ɚɛɫɬɪɚɤɬɧɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɡ ɦɟɬɨɸ ɱɿɬɤɿɲɨɝɨ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɧɧɹ ɩɨɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɧɚɜɩɚɤɢ ɫɦɢɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤ VHPDQWLF GHYHORSPHQW ɩɨɥɹɝɚɽɭɡɚɦɿɧɿɫɥɨɜɚɚɛɨɫɥɨɜɨɫɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɹɦɨɜɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɸ ɡɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɨɦ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨɸ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɟɸ ɦɨɜɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ The Worcester by election was an acid test for
WKH /DERU &DQGLGDWH ± Ⱦɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɿ ɜɢɛɨɪɢ ɭ ȼɭɫɬɟɪɿ ɛɭɥɢ ɥɚɤɦɭɫɨɜɢɦ ɩɚɩɿɪɰɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɣɛɨɪɢɫɬɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɚ ɋɥɨɜɨɫɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɹ ɥɚɤɦɭɫɨɜɢɣ ɩɚɩɿɪɟɰɶ OLWPXV SDSHU ɧɿɤɨɥɢ ɧɟ ɜɠɢɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɿɣɦɨɜɿɜɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɧɨɦɭɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɿ ɚɧɬɨɧɿɦɿɱɧɢɣɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞ DQWRQ\PLF WUDQVODWLRQ ɩɨɽɞɧɭɽ ɨɡɧɚɤɢ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨʀ ɬɚ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ It was not until 1770 when James Cook chartered the East Coast that any major exploration of Australia
ZDVXQGHUWDNHQ ±ȱɥɢɲɟɜ ɪɨɰɿ ɩɿɫɥɹɬɨɝɨɹɤȾɠɟɣɦɫɄɭɤ ɧɚɧɿɫ ɧɚ ɦɚɩɭ ɫɯɿɞɧɟ ɭɡɛɟɪɟɠɠɹ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɿʀ ɩɨɱɚɥɨɫɹ ɫɟɪɣɨɡɧɟ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚ ɰɿɥɿɫɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹLQWHJUDO WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ Welcome! Don’t mention!
± Ʌɚɫɤɚɜɨ ɩɪɨɫɢɦɨ Ɍɭɬ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɚ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɡɚɝɚɥɿ ɞɨɞɚɜɚɧɧɹ ɿ ɜɢɥɭɱɟɧɧɹ ɫɥɿɜ ɿɡ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɩɪɢɱɢɧDGGLWLRQ DQG RPLVVLRQ RI ZRUGV IRU OH[LFDO UHDVRQV ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ
WDNHRYHU ±ɩɨɝɥɢɧɚɧɧɹ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜɚɿɧɲɢɦ VWULNH EDOORW
±ɝɨɥɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹɳɨɞɨɨɝɨɥɨɲɟɧɧɹɫɬɪɚɣɤɭ±DGGLWLRQ You can see WKHUHVXOWRI\RXUFRPSDQ\ZRUN ±ȼɢɛɚɱɢɬɟɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɪɨɛɨɬɢ ȼɚɲɨʀɤɨɦɩɚɧɿʀ±RPLVVLRQ
ȼ ɄɨɦɿɫɚɪRɜ ɜɢɳɟɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɿ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɢ ɧɚɡɢɜɚɽ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɡɚɦɿɧɚɦɢ ɞɨ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɣ ɭɱɟɧɢɣ
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ISSN 2409-1154 ǙǬǿǶǺǮǴǵ ǮȑǽǹǴǶ ǘȑDzǹǬǼǺǰǹǺǯǺ ǯǿǸǬǹȑǾǬǼǹǺǯǺ ǿǹȑǮDZǼǽǴǾDZǾǿ ǝDZǼ ǠȑǷǺǷǺǯȑȋ ǾǺǸ
ɜɿɞɧɨɫɢɬɶɬɚɤɨɠɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɰɶɤɟɬɪɚɧɫɤɪɢɛɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɿɬɟɪɚɰɿɸɬɚɤɚɥɶɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ> ɫ @
Ɍɪɚɧɫɥɿɬɟɪɚɰɿɽɸɧɚɡɢɜɚɽɬɶɫɹɫɩɨɫɿɛɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭɥɟɤɫɟɦɢɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɜɿɞɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ʀʀ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɝɪɚɮɿɱɧɢɯ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɦɨɜɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɝɪɚɮɿɱɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɉɪɨɰɟɫ ɬɪɚɧɫɤɪɢɛɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽɜɿɞɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹɡɜɭɤɨɜɨʀɮɨɪɦɢɿɧɲɨɦɨɜɧɨɝɨɫɥɨɜɚ ɮɨɧɟɬɢɱɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɇɚɣɱɚɫɬɿɲɟ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɰɶɤɿɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɰɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɫɢɧɬɟɡɨɜɚɧɢɣɫɩɨɫɿɛɬɪɚɧɫɤɪɢɩɰɿʀ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɿɬɟɪɚɰɿʀ ɬɨɦɭ ɳɨ ɮɨɧɟɬɢɱɧɚ ɿ ɝɪɚɮɿɱɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɢ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɦɨɜ ɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɜɿɞɪɿɡɧɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɦɨɜɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɧɚ ɦɨɜɭ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɡɚɜɠɞɢ ɽ ɭɦɨɜɧɨɸ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɧɨɸ 2¶+HQU\ ± Ɉ¶Ƚɟɧɪɿ ɫRPSDQ\ ± ɤɨɦɩɚɧɿɹ 0DU\ ± Ɇɟɪɿ ɐɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɧɚɣɱɚɫɬɿɲɟ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɸɬɶɫɹɞɥɹɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭɜɥɚɫɧɢɯɧɚɡɜ
ɍ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɿ ɪɨɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɨ ɧɢɡɤɭ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɿɬɟɪɚɰɿʀ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɠɧɨʀ ɩɚɪɢ ɦɨɜ ɹɤɿ ɞɨɩɨɦɚɝɚɸɬɶ ɱɿɬɤɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɢ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɢɣ ɫɤɥɚɞ ɫɥɿɜ ɦɨɜɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ Ɍɚɤ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɨ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɯ ɬɪɚɩɥɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɿɬɟɪɚɰɿʀ ɞɟɹɤɢɯ ɧɟɜɢɦɨɜɧɢɯ ɩɪɢɝɨɥɨɫɧɢɯ ɪɟɞɭɤɰɿɹ ɝɨɥɨɫɧɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ Dorset – Ⱦɨɪɫɟɬ 0XUGRFK ± Ɇɟɪɞɨɤ ɩɨɞɜɿɣɧɿ ɩɪɢɝɨɥɨɫɧɿ ɦɿɠ ɝɨɥɨɫɧɢɦɢ ɬɚ ɜ ɤɿɧɰɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɸɬɶɫɹ %RQQHUV )HUU\ ± Ȼɨɧɧɟɪɫ Ɏɟɪɪɿ 0DUVKDOO ± Ɇɚɪɲɚɥɥ Ⱦɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɜɢɧɹɬɤɿɜ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɜɿɞɧɟɫɬɢɿɦɟɧɚɿɫɬɨɪɢɱɧɢɯɨɫɿɛ ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɿɱɧɿɧɚɡɜɢɬɨɳɨ China –
Ʉɢɬɚɣ .LQJ -DPHV ± Ʉɨɪɨɥɶ əɤɿɜ ɋɩɨɫɿɛ ɬɪɚɧɫɤɪɢɛɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɱɚ-
ɫɬɨ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɧɚɡɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɣ ɜɭɥɢɰɶ ɝɚɡɟɬ ɬɨɳɨ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ %D\VZDWHU5RXG±Ȼɟɣɫɭɨɬɟɪɪɨɭɞ The Times – ɝɚɡɟɬɚ Ɍɚɣɦɫ *HQHUDO 0RWRUV ± Ⱦɠɟɧɟɪɚɥ Ɇɨɬɨɪɫ /LQGURV %DQN±ɛɚɧɤɅɿɧɞɪɨɫ
Ʉɚɥɶɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɛɭɤɜɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɠɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɧɟɨɥɨɝɿɡɦɿɜ ɿɧɲɨɦɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɿɜ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ VN\VFUDSHU ± ɯɦɚɪɨɱɨɫ self-help groups –
ɝɪɭɩɢɜɡɚɽɦɨɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɢ əɤ ɭɠɟ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɢɳɟ ɩɨɜɧɚ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ
ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɦɨɜ ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ± ɰɟ ɹɜɢɳɟ ɜɿɞɧɨɫɧɨ ɪɿɞɤɿɫɧɟ ɹɤ ɿ ɹɜɢɳɟ ɦɨɧɨɫɟɦɿʀ ɭ ɛɭɞɶ ɹɤɿɣ ɦɨɜɿ Ɉɬɠɟ ɩɨɜɧɨʀ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɞɨɫɹɝɬɢ ɥɢɲɟ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɢɯ ɫɥɿɜ ɹɤɿ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɨɞɧɟ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɜ ɨɛɨɯ ɦɨɜɚɯ ɇɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ ɜɥɚɫɧɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ The
8QLWHG 6WDWHV RI $PHULFD 86Ⱥ ± ɋɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɿ ɒɬɚɬɢ ȺɦɟɪɢɤɢɋɒȺ ɿɧɨɞɿ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢɣɨɦ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɞɨɞɚɜɚɧɶ ± ɜɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɭ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɿɦɩɥɿɰɢɬɧɢɯ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ > ɫ @ ɞɨɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɫɥɨɜɚ ©ɲɬɚɬª ©ɦɿɫɬɨª ©ɿɦɟɧɿª ɬɨɳɨ ,QGLDQD ± ɲɬɚɬ ȱɧɞɿɚɧɚ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɿ ɿ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ HQJLQH ± ɞɜɢɝɭɧ ɩɪɨɬɟ ɜɚɪɬɨɡɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ ɳɨɧɢɡɤɚɫɥɿɜ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɿɜɽɛɚɝɚɬɨɡɧɚɱɧɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɰɟɫɬɨɫɭɽɬɶɫɹɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɨʀɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɧɚɡɜɢɩɿɪɪɨɤɭ ɦɿɫɹɰɿɜ ɞɧɿɜɬɢɠɧɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ 0D\±ɬɪɚɜɟɧɶ ɛɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶɱɢɫɥɿɜ-
ɧɢɤɿɜ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ WZHQW\IRXU HPSOR\HHV ±ɞɜɚɞɰɹɬɢɱɨɬɢɪɶɨɯɩɪɚɰɿɜɧɢɤɿɜ
ȼɨɞɧɨɱɚɫ ɭ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɿ ɿɫɧɭɽ ɬɚɤɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɬɹ ɹɤ ɛɟɡɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ⱥ ɒɜɟɣɰɟɪ Ⱥ ɉɚɪɲɢɧ Ʌ Ȼɚɪɯɭɞɚɪɨɜ ɇɚ ɞɭɦɤɭ ȼ Ʉɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ ɰɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɪɟɚɥɿʀ ɧɚ ɩɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɟɬɧɨɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɬɨɛɬɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɿ ɥɢɲɟ ɨɞɧɿɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɿ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɫɚɞ ɿ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣ > ɫ @ ɐɹ ɝɪɭɩɚ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɧɟ ɦɚɽ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɦɨɜɿ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɉɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɿɬɟɪɚɰɿʀ ɤɚɥɶɤɭɜɚɧɧɹɚɛɨɨɩɢɫɨɜɨ ɫDUHJLYHU±ɥɸɞɢɧɚ ɳɨɩɿɤɥɭ-
ɽɬɶɫɹɩɪɨɧɟɦɿɱɧɢɯɿɯɜɨɪɢɯɥɸɞɟɣ PXOWLSOHDFFUHGLW±ɦɧɨɠɢɧɧɟɚɤɪɟɞɢɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ
ȼɢɫɧɨɜɤɢ ɉɿɞɫɭɦɨɜɭɸɱɢ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ ɜɢɫɧɨɜɨɤ ɳɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɢɦɢ ɽ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɢ
ɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɟɤɜɿɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɚɞɠɟ ɛɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɫɥɿɜ ɛɭɞɶ ɹɤɨʀ ɦɨɜɢ ɽ ɛɚɝɚɬɨɡɧɚɱɧɢɦɢ ɿ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɥɟɤɫɟɦɢ ɜ ɦɨɜɿ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɭ ɡɚɡɜɢɱɚɣ ɧɟ ɡɛɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɜɧɿɫɬɸ ɡɿ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɜ ɦɨɜɿ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ȼɨɧɨ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɲɢɪɲɢɦ ɡɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɱɢ ɧɚɜɩɚɤɢ ɜɭɠɱɢɦ ɍ ɫɜɨɸ ɱɟɪɝɭ ɲɢɪɲɢɣ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɨɛɫɹɝ ɥɟɤɫɟɦɢ ɫɬɜɨɪɸɽ ɭɦɨɜɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɜ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɚɯ ɳɨ ɩɨɫɢɥɸɽ ɹɜɢɳɟ ɦɨɜɧɨʀ ɜɚɪɿɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɋɥɿɞ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ ɳɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɦɢ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɜɢɫɜɿɬɥɸɽ ɥɢɲɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɡ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɿɜ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɿɥɨɜɢɯ ɥɢɫɬɿɜ ɡ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɜɢ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɳɨ ɜɿɞɤɪɢɜɚɽ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɢ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɨɝɨɞɨɤɥɚɞɧɨɝɨɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨʀɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɬɢɤɢ
Ʌɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
Ȼɪɟɭɫȿ ȼ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɬɟɨɪɢɢɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚɫɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨɹɡɵɤɚɧɚ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɣ >ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ @ ± ɟɢɡɞ ɢɫɩɪ ɢɞɨɩ ȿ ȼ Ȼɪɟɭɫ ±Ɇ ɍɊȺɈ ± ɫ
ɁɭɛɤɨɜɆ Ƚ ɋɭɱɚɫɧɚɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚɞɿɥɨɜɚɦɨɜɚ Ɇ Ƚ Ɂɭɛɤɨɜ ±ɏɚɪɤɿɜ Ɍɨɪɫɿɧɝ ± ɫ
Ʉɚɪɚɛɚɧ ȼ ȱ ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨʀ ɿ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɨʀ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɑ ȱȱ Ʌɟɤɫɢɱɧɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɬɚ ɠɚɧɪɨɜɨ ɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿ ȼ ȱ Ʉɚɪɚɛɚɧ ± ȼɿɧɧɢɰɹ ɇɨɜɚ ɤɧɢɝɚ ± ɫ
Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɚɪɨɜ ȼ ɇ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚ ȼ ɇ Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɚɪɨɜ ± Ɇ ȼɵɫɲɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ ± ɫ
Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɚɪɨɜ ȼ ɇ ɋɥɨɜɨ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɟ ȼ ɇ Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɚɪɨɜ ± Ɇ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ± ɫ
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞ ɭ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɢɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɧɢɤɿɜ ɏɚɪɤɿɜɫɶɤɨʀ ɲɤɨɥɢ >ɤɨɥɟɤɬ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ@ ɡɚ ɪɟɞ Ʌ Ɇ ɑɟɪɧɨɜɚɬɨɝɨ Ɉ Ⱥ Ʉɚɥɶɧɢɱɟɧɤɚ Ɉ ȼ Ɋɟɛɿɹ ± ȼɿɧɧɢɰɹ ɇɨɜɚ ɤɧɢɝɚ ± ɫ
Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜ $ % Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ Ⱥ ȼ Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜ ± ɟ ɢɡɞ ± Ɇ ȼɵɫɲɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ± ɫ
ɐɢɬɤɢɧɚ Ɏ Ⱥ Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ Ɏ Ⱥ ɐɢɬɤɢɧɚ ± Ʌɶɜɨɜ ȼɢɳɚ ɲɤɨɥɚ ± ɫ
ɒɜɟɣɰɟɪ Ⱥ Ⱦ ɉɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɢ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ Ⱥ Ⱦ ɒɜɟɣɰɟɪ ± Ɇ ȼɨɟɧɢɡɞɚɬ ± ɫ
Ɉɪɺɥ Ⱥ ɋ ɋɛɢɬɧɟɜɚ ɂ ɋ Ʌɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚ ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɫ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɧɚ ɭɤɪɚɢɧɫɤɢɣ
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