Types of antisepsis:

- mechanical (removal from the wound of infected and non-viable tissues);

-physical (hygroscopic dressings, hypertensive solutions, UV, laser);

- chemical (application of chemical substances with antimicrobial action: miramistin, chlorhexidine, alcohol 70%, brilliant green, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol solution of iodine);

-biological (use of antibiotics, bacteriophages, etc.).

Aseptic - a system of preventive measures, a set of measures to prevent the entry of microorganisms from the environment into the tissue (wound), the body cavity under medical and diagnostic manipulations, into sterile medicinal drugs during their manufacture, into research material, nutrient media, microorganism cultures in laboratory studies.

For this purpose, in bacteriological laboratories, make inoculations at the flame of an alcohol lamp, previously ignited bacteriological loop, sterile nutrient media are used for cultivation. Aseptic is achieved by sterilization of surgical instruments and materials, treatment of the hands of the surgeon before the operation, air and objects of the operating room, the surface of the skin of the operating field, observance of certain rules (sterile coat, gloves, mask, exclusion of conversations), by wet cleaning of premises with disinfectants, use of bactericidal lamps etc.

Preservatives:

1.Aldehydes (formaldehyde)

2.Guanidine derivatives (chlorhexidine derivatives)

3.Inorganic acids and their salts (boric acid, sodium sulfite)

4.Organic acids, their salts (benzoic acid, salicylic acid, sorbic acid)

5.Mercury compounds (merthiolate, phenylmercury nitrate).

The requirements for preservatives.

1) a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity;

2) rapidity of biocidal action;

3) do not interact with medicinal substances;

4) stability;

5) are pharmacologically indifferent;

6) maintain the sterility of the drug throughout the life of the product.