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3.4. Make up your own sentences (not taken from the text) with the following word-combinations. Pay attention to the usage of the Infinitive:

1.To live in harmony with environment;

2. man’s interference in nature;

3. the increase in traffic;

4. to leave a dangerous planet to future generations;

5. to be polluted with radioactive substances;

6. to discuss problems facing ecologically poor regions;

7. to save life on the planet;

8. one of history’s greatest dangers to human life.

IV. Grammar in Focus

4.1. Put «to» if necessary. Translate the sentences:

1. With the development of civilization man’s interference in nature began … increase.

2. Nowadays the heat cannot … go into space.

3. The international organization Greenpeace is also doing much … preserve the environment.

4. These are only the initial measures … be taken to protect nature.

5. He would rather … stay at home.

6. I was the last … know the news.

7. She made the son … read this book.

8. … pass exams well you must … work hard.

9. Our plan was … carry out number of experiments.

10. He heard Max … sing the English song loudly.

4.2. Choose the appropriate form of the Infinitive.

1. I was glad to … to this meeting by my colleague.

a) invite b) being invited c) have been invited

2. My dream is … home as soon as possible.

a) to return b) be returning c) return

3. It is necessary … an international program to study the data on land.

a) develop b) to have developed c) to develop

4. The dean let students … in a week.

5. a) be re-examined b) to have re-examined c) to have been re-examined

6. I am glad … with him now.

a) to speak ) to have spoken c) to be speaking

7. … life on the planet is one of the main mankind’s tasks.

a) To save b) Save c) To have saved

8. Nobody saw the professor … the laboratory.

a) to enter b) enter c) have entered

9. Не had better … to Moscow

a) to have moved b) move c) to move

10. His story made me …my point of view.

  1. rethink b) to rethink c) to have rethought

  1. My friends will … this project next week.

a) have started b) to start c) start

12.To build eco-economy means … carbon balance.

a) restore b) to restore c) be restoring

4.3. State the function of the Infinitive:

1. He is clever enough to understand my hint at once.

2. То swim in the lake was pleasant.

3. I haven’t got anybody to cheer me up.

4. He is the first to come to the exam.

5. We must not speak to him about it.

6. Не advised me to think it over again.

7. То smoke is bad for health.

8. It is necessary to develop an international program to study the data on land and oceanic resources.

9. My friend came in order to warn me about the danger.

10. To begin with I should warn you that it is very dangerous.

a) подлежащее;

b) часть сказуемого;

c) дополнение;

d) определение;

e) обстоятельство;

f) вводная конструкция

4.4. Translate the sentences with the Complex Object and Complex Subject into Russian:

1. We know him to be the best specialist in the field of the environmental protection.

2. He considers this question to be of great importance.

3. They believe him to be a very experienced researcher.

4. The climate on our planet is known to have changed greatly.

5. These measures are expected to be taken to protect the ecological poor regions.

6. The international organization Greenpeace is reported to be doing much to preserve the environment.

7. Russia and the United States are likely to start the joint projects to protect the environmental systems of the Arctic and Subarctic regions.

8. The holes in the ozone layer let ultraviolet radiation get to the earth.

9. We don’t want the byproducts of the industrial enterprises to pollute the air and the water.

10. The consequences of this explosion at the atomic power-station are considered to be very tragic and dangerous for the Ukrainian, Belorussian and other nations.