- •Английский язык
- •Содержание
- •Введение
- •I. Warm -up activities
- •1.1. Pronounce the words properly and state the part of speech:
- •1.2. Match the columns:
- •1.3 Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Fill in the gaps:
- •4.2. Put the verb into the correct tense-form:
- •4.3. Choose the appropriate verb:
- •4.4. Choose the appropriate pronoun:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Complete the short dialogues:
- •1.3. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Find:
- •3.3. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the verbs in the Simple Active. Give the negative and question forms:
- •4.2. Put the verb in brackets into the Present, Past Simple or Future Simple Active. Make up all types of questions to the sentences if possible:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Complete the short dialogues:
- •5.2. Make up your own dialogues using the models from the task 4.1. These phrases and words may be helpful for you:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Match the type of a house with its definition.
- •3.3. Complete each sentence (a—h) with one of the endings (1—8):
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.2. Make up the different types of questions to the sentences:
- •4.3. Ask several questions to the text paying attention to «there is, there are».
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Agree or disagree with the following statements. Explain your point of view.
- •5.2.* Read the quotations below. Choose any quotation and comment on it:
- •5.3. Comment on the proverbs.
- •5.4. Tell about the dwelling of your dream using all information you have got. You may use these phrases:
- •1. Read several interesting facts about houses. Transalte into Russian.
- •2. Translate into Russian:
- •3. Read and translate. State the suffixes:
- •1.2. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension checking
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •3.3. Complete the sentences. Use:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Translate the sentences with the Simple Passive. Give the negative and question forms:
- •4.2.*Put the sentences into the Passive:
- •4.3. Correct the mistakes using Present, Past or Future Simple Passive:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Read the short dialogues and try to dramatize them:
- •2. Name in English:
- •Module Control 1
- •Variant 1
- •1. State the part of speech:
- •2. Choose the English equivalent for the pronoun in brackets:
- •3. Choose the appropriate verb:
- •4. Put the verb in the brackets into the Present, Past or Future Simple Active:
- •5. Correct mistakes using Present, Past or Future Simple Passive:
- •6. Make up questions to the following sentences:
- •Variant 2
- •2. Choose the English equivalent for the pronoun in brackets:
- •3. Choose the appropriate verb:
- •4. Put the verb in the brackets into the Present, Past or Future Simple Active:
- •5. Correct mistakes using Present, Past or Future Simple Passive:
- •6. Make up questions to the following sentences:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Find the appropriate equivalent:
- •2. Complete the gaps with the words and phrases below:
- •3. Match the words with their definitions:
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Decide whether these statements are true or false :
- •1. Make up sentences paying attention to Simple and Continuous Tenses. Translate the sentences:
- •2. Complete the sentences with Simple or Continuous Active:
- •3. Сhange the Simple Tenses to the Continuous ones adding necessary adverbs or time attributives:
- •4. Make up the general and special questions to these sentences. Give the negative forms:
- •5. Put the verb in the brackets into the necessary tense form:
- •6. Put the verb to take part into the correct tense-form. Pay attention to the words given in the brackets:
- •7. Make up the degrees of comparison:
- •8. Match the columns:
- •V. Speaking Workshop
- •1. Complete the short dialogues:
- •2. Read and dramatize the dialogue:
- •3. Make up your own dialogues using the models from the tasks 4.1 and 4.2.
- •4. Comment on the following sayings.
- •5*. Work in groups. Discuss1 the studying at your University using all information you have got. Touch upon such issues:
- •1. Discussion is from the Latin word that means exchange of opinions.
- •2. Here you can see some discussion phrases. They may help you:
- •2. Do the tasks given to this text.
- •1. Make up sentences from these words:
- •2. Complete the sentences:
- •3. Translate into English. Determine the tenses and the voices of the verbs:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Find the appropriate equivalent:
- •2. Match the words with their definitions:
- •2. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below:
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Match the sentence halves:
- •3. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •1. Translate the sentences paying attention to the different forms of Passive. Make up negative and question forms if it is possible:
- •2. Make up all possible questions to these sentences. Give the negative form:
- •4.3. Write the Passive Progressive of these sentences. Use words now, from … till, the whole month/morning etc:
- •4. Change the active sentences to the passive ones:
- •1. Read the following quotes from different articles about the problems of the higher education in Russia. Formulate the main idea of each statement. Do you agree with these opinions?
- •2.* Work in groups. Study the advantages and disadvantages of the higher education in Russia given in the schedule below. Use the tips and phrases given in the Unit 4.
- •3. *Discuss these topics using all information you have got:
- •2. Do the tasks given to this text.
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Find the appropriate equivalent:
- •2. Match the words and phrases with their definitions:
- •3. Complete the gaps with the words and phrases below:
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not stated:
- •1. Give the correct translation of «it» .
- •2. Give the correct translation of «one»:
- •3. Give the correct translation of «that»:
- •Read the conversations and answer the questions below. Make up your own conversations using these models:
- •Taking Classes
- •2. Changing the Major
- •3. Match the words and phrases with their definitions:
- •2. Complete the gaps with the words and phrases below:
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •1. Choose the correct translation of «it» from the list below:
- •Choose the correct translation of «one» from the list below:
- •Choose the correct translation of «that (those)» from the list below:
- •V. Speaking Workshop
- •1. Read the conversations and answer the questions below. Make up your own conversations using these models.
- •The Student Service Center
- •Requirements for the Course
- •Module control 2
- •Variant 1
- •Choose the appropriate translation of «it» from the list below:
- •Choose the appropriate translation of «one» from the list below:
- •Choose the appropriate translation of «that (those)» from the list below:
- •Variant 2
- •1.Complete the gaps with the words below:
- •2. Fill in the gaps:
- •3. Choose the appropriate translation of «it» from the list below:
- •4. Choose the appropriate translation of «one» from the list below:
- •5. Choose the appropriate translation of «that (those)» from the list below:
- •Discuss the following with your partner:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Find the appropriate equivalent:
- •2. Match the words with their definitions:
- •3. Complete the gaps with the words and phrases below:
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •1. Translate the sentences with Present, Past Perfect and Future Perfect Active. Give the negative and question forms:
- •2. Choose the necessary form of the verb (Present Perfect or Past Simple):
- •3. Correct the mistakes paying attention to the Perfect Tenses:
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets in the right forms of the Perfect Active:
- •1. Complete the following sentences and put them in order of importance:
- •I would be happy in a job where I could...
- •It is not important for me if I couldn’t …. In my future profession
- •3. Read and dramatize the dialogues with your partners. Make up your own dialogues on these models:
- •5.4*. Role-play the following situations:
- •1. Listen to the text Careers Search on http://www.Esl-lab.Com
- •2. Do the tasks given to this text.
- •1. Do you know? Translate the text into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the words: career, job, work, profession, trade, vocation:
- •4. Say if these are professions or trades:
- •5. Which qualities best describe people who want to succeed in work or study?
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Find the appropriate equivalent:
- •2. Match the words and their definitions:
- •3. Complete the sentence with the words and phrases below:
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Say what is true and what is false. Correct the false statements:
- •1. Compare the translation of the sentences. Pay attention to the different forms of the Passive Voice:
- •Complete the sentence with correct option paying attention to Active and Passive Voice:
- •3. Analyze the use of modal verbs and their equivalents. Translate the following sentences:
- •4. Substitute the modal verbs for the possible equivalents:
- •5. Insert the necessary modal verb or its equivalent:
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Speak about Karl Benz using his profile:
- •2. Change the active sentences to the passive ones:
- •3. Give the negative and question form of the following sentences:
- •4. Insert the modal verbs may or can:
- •3. Match the words and their definitions:
- •Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below:
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •3. Make up a sentence of two parts:
- •1. Compare the translation of the sentences. Pay attention to the different forms of the Passive Voice:
- •2.Choose the right option paying attention to Active and Passive Voice:
- •3. Analyze the use of modal verbs and their equivalents. Translate the following sentences:
- •4. Substitute the modal verbs for the possible equivalents:
- •5. Insert the necessary modal verb or its equivalent:
- •2. Change the active sentences to the passive ones:
- •3. Give the negative and question form of the following sentences:
- •4. Insert the modal verbs may or can:
- •Module control 3
- •Variant 1
- •1. Find the odd word:
- •2. Correct mistakes paying attention to the Present Perfect and Past Simple Tenses:
- •3. Choose the right variant paying attention to the Active Voice:
- •5. Choose the necessary modal verb or its equivalent:
- •6. Choose the right verb:
- •Variant 2
- •1. Find the odd word:
- •2. Correct mistakes paying attention to the Present Perfect and Past Simple Tenses:
- •3. Choose the right variant paying attention to the Active Voice:
- •4. Choose the right variant paying attention to the Active and Passive Voice:
- •5. Choose the necessary modal verb or its equivalent:
- •6. Choose the right verb:
- •I. I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1.Read the words properly and state the part of speech:
- •1.2. Remind some proper and geographical names. Translate them:
- •1.3. Match the columns:
- •1.4. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •3.3. Choose the right variant (use the information taken from the texts 1 and 2):
- •3.4. Arrange the sentences according to the order in the text English as a World Language, Part II:
- •3.5. Make up adjectives:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verbs
- •4.2. Translate the following word combinations in different forms of Participle:
- •4.3. Make up sentences matching the suggested parts. Pay attention to the participles:
- •4.4. Put the word in brackets into the appropriate form of participle. State the function of the participle:
- •4.5. Complete the sentences:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1*. Read and translate the following statements and jokes about English. Whose opinion do you appreciate best? Why?
- •5.3. Topics to discuss
- •Most widely spoken language by number of native speakers
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Read the following words properly:
- •1.2. Pronounce the words properly and state the part of speech:
- •1.3. Translate the words and words combinations given in the text in bold.
- •1.4. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Choose the appropriate form of the Participles:
- •4.2. Translate the sentences paying attention to the different forms of Participles. State its function:
- •4.3. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Participle Constructions:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Read and dramatize the dialogues with your partners. Make up your own dialogues on these models:
- •5.2*. Role-play the following situation:
- •2. State the functions of the words with -ed and translate the sentences:
- •3. Translate the dialogue. Make up questions to the dialogue:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available::
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Open the brackets using the appropriate form of the Participle:
- •4.2. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Participles Constructions:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Read a well-known English idiom and say:
- •5.2. Read and dramatize the dialogues with your partner. Make up your own dialogues on these models:
- •5.3. Name three places in English speaking countries you would like to live in and say three reasons that make you want to live there.
- •5.4*. Role-play the following situation:
- •2*. Translate into English:
- •3. Write all forms of Participle of the following words and choose suitable nouns:
- •Module control 4
- •Variant 1
- •State the function of the verb «be»:
- •2. State the function of the verb «have»:
- •3. Choose the appropriate form of Participle:
- •4. Choose the appropriate translation of the words in italics:
- •State the function of the Participle:
- •Find 3 sentences with the absolute participial construction and translate them into Russian:
- •Module control 4
- •Variant 2
- •State the function of the verb «be»:
- •2. State the function of the verb «have»:
- •3. Choose the appropriate form of Participle:
- •4. Choose the appropriate translation of the words in italics:
- •5. State the function of the Participle:
- •6. Find 2 sentences with the absolute participial construction and translate them into Russian:
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Read the words properly and state the part of speech:
- •1.2. Find the Russian equivalents for the following:
- •1.3. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •3.3. Arrange the sentences according to the order in the text:
- •3.4. Make up your own sentences (not taken from the text) with the following word-combinations. Pay attention to the usage of the Infinitive:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Put «to» if necessary. Translate the sentences:
- •4.2. Choose the appropriate form of the Infinitive.
- •4.3. State the function of the Infinitive:
- •4.4. Translate the sentences with the Complex Object and Complex Subject into Russian:
- •4.5. Transform these sentences using the Complex Subject with the verb in the appropriate form. Translate them:
- •4.6. Complete the sentences using the Complex Object:
- •4.7. Complete the sentences using the Complex Subject:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.2. A message board on a weather website asked its readers to say their views on global warming and climate change. Here is selection of their messages. Read and dramatize them.
- •5.3. Read the following quotes of different people about the environmental problems. What is their position towards this problem? What opinion do you agree with?
- •Environmental Protection in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the text and translate it into Russian. Make up different types of questions to the text. Protection of Environment in the usa
- •Module control 5
- •Variant 1
- •1. Put «to» if necessary
- •2. Choose the appropriate form of the Infinitive:
- •3. Choose the English equivalent:
- •4. Find the sentences with Complex Object (5) and translate them into Russian:
- •5. Choose the right translation of the Infinitive:
- •6. State the function of the Infinitive:
- •Variant 2
- •1. Put «to» if necessary:
- •2. Choose the appropriate form of the Infinitive:
- •3. Choose the English equivalent:
- •4. Find the sentences with Complex Object (5) and translate them into Russian:
- •5. Choose the right translation of the Infinitive:
- •6. State the function of the Infinitive:
- •Module 6 «social-cultural field of communication, part 2» unit 12. Positive and negative aspects of globalization
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Read the words properly and state the part of speech:
- •1.2. Match the columns:
- •Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Match the parts of the sentences:
- •3.3. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Translate the sentences, state the form and function of the Gerund:
- •4.2. State the part of speech of the word in italics а) participle, b) gerund, с) noun
- •4.3. Choose the appropriate form of the Gerund:
- •4.4. Complete the sentences using the Indefinite Gerund:
- •4.5. Complete the sentences using the Perfect Gerund:
- •4.6. Choose the right preposition:
- •4.7. Translate the sentences paying attention to the forms of the Gerundial Constructions
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Read the following quotes of different people about globalization. What is their position towards the globalization (pro, contra, indifferent, anxious)? What opinion do you agree with?
- •5.3*. Imagine you are the participant of the international forum devoted to the problems people face in the global world. There are the topics to be discussed.
- •Module control 6
- •Variant 1
- •State the part of speech of the word in italics а) participle b) gerund с) noun
- •2. Choose the appropriate form of the Gerund:
- •3. Fill in the gaps:
- •4. Choose the right translation of the Gerund:
- •5. State the function of the Gerund in the sentence:
- •6. Find 2 sentences with the Gerundial Construction and translate them into Russian:
- •Variant 2
- •1. State the part of speech of the word in italics а) participle b) gerund с) noun:
- •2. Choose the appropriate form of the Gerund:
- •3. Fill in the gaps:
- •4. Choose the right translation of the Gerund:
- •5. State the function of the Gerund in the sentence:
- •6. Find 2 sentences with the Gerundial Construction and translate them into Russian:
- •Module 7 «scientific field of communication, part 1»
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Make sure you know the words given in the text in italics.
- •1.2. Read and translate the names of the international organizations properly:
- •II. Reading
- •2.1. Fill in the schedule:
- •2.2. Answer the following questions:
- •Read and translate: Top 10 of Intergovernmental and Nongovernmental Organizations
- •1.4. Match the words with their definitions:
- •Secretariat
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •3.3. Match one of the six principal organs of uno with its fun-ction:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. State the principal and secondary parts of the following simple sentences:
- •4.2. Make up a composite sentence from two simple ones using the words in brackets. State the type of the sentence:
- •4.3. Translate the sentences with the Subject Clauses:
- •4.4. Translate the sentences with the Predicative Clauses:
- •1.3. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. After you have read
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •3.3. Make up sentences from these words:
- •3.4. Find the synonyms:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus:
- •4.1 Translate the sentences with the Object Clauses:
- •4.2. Translate the sentences with the Attribute Clause:
- •V. Speaking
- •2. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs to have, to be:
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Read the words properly and state the part of speech:
- •1.2. Match the columns:
- •1.3. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Pronounce the words properly:
- •1.2. Match the columns:
- •1.3. Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Translate the sentences into the Russian. State the type of the Clauses:
- •4.2. Read and analyze the sentences with the Object Clause:
- •4.3.* Translate the sentences with the Attribute Clause. Fill in the suitable connecting words:
- •2. Translate the time prepositions in brackets:
- •3. Change the active sentences to the passive ones:
- •4. Translate the sentences with the Absolute Participle Construction from English into Russian:
- •5.Translate the Text Research Institute of Robotics
- •Module control 7
- •Variant 1
- •1. State the composite sentences:
- •Variant 2
- •2. State the type of Clauses:
- •3. Translate the sentences № 2, 3, 5, 7, 8,10 from task 1:
- •4. Fill in the gaps using the appropriate words for the Object Clauses:
- •5. Choose the appropriate word given in italics:
- •6. State the unnecessary word in the sentence:
- •I. Warm-up activities
- •1.1. Pronounce the following words properly and state the part of speech:
- •Find the Russian equivalents
- •1.3.Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension check
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Translate the sentences with the Adverbial Clause and state the its types:
- •4.2. Fill in the suitable connecting words:
- •4.3. Choose the suitable connecting word from the given in brackets:
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1. Translate the following quotes of Marshall McLuhan about it. Comment them. What quotes do you agree with and why?
- •1.3.Match the words with their definitions:
- •II. Reading
- •III. Comprehension Check:
- •3.1. Answer the following questions:
- •3.2. Decide whether these statements are true, false or information is not available:
- •IV. Grammar in Focus
- •4.1. Read and translate the sentences with the Abverbial Clause. State the types of the sentences with the Abverbial Clause:
- •4.2. Read, translate and analyze the sentences with the Clause paying attention to the word that:
- •4.3. Match the two parts of the sentences:
- •2. Put the sentences into the interrogative and negative forms:
- •4. Translate the sentences paying attention to the complex forms of the Gerund and the Gerundial Constructions:
- •Module control 8
- •Variant 1
- •1. State the types of the sentences with the Abverbial Clause:
- •2. Translate № 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 from Task 1:
- •3. Fill in the gaps using words of Adverbial Clauses
- •4. Open the brackets using Conditionals 1, 2, 3:
- •5. Find the odd word:
- •Variant 2
- •State the type of the Abverbial Clause:
- •2. Translate № 2, 3, 5 , 6 ,8 , 9 from Task 1:
- •3. Fill in the gaps using words of Adverbial Clauses:
- •4. Open the brackets using Conditionals 1, 2, 3:
- •5. Find the odd word:
- •Литература
- •Presentation Evaluation
- •Appendix 2 Supplementary reading
- •To be read after Unit 3
- •To be read after Unit 6
- •To be read after Units 7 – 8
- •To be read after Unit 9 The Importance of Learning Foreign Languages
- •1. Артикль (the article)
- •1.1 Неопределенный артикль (The Indefinite Article)
- •1.2 Определенный артикль (The Definite Article)
- •2. Глагол (the verb)
- •2.2 Глагол to have (the verb to have)
- •2.5 Времена неопределенной группы (the indefinite tenses)
- •Английский язык для бакалавров
- •302030, Г. Орел, ул. Московская, 65.
- •Английский язык для бакалавров
To be read after Unit 3
How to Write a Contract for Renting a Flat
To rent out a flat (which is a British term for a one-level condo or apartment) you need to draw up a clear and concise agreement that can be easily digested by your renter. Freeholder (landlord) and tenant disputes frequently go to court because of confusion about the arrangement and maintenance issues. A well written contract will help you avoid future disputes regarding the property.
Instructions:
1. Write your full name or company name and the full name of the renter. Notate in the beginning that from that point on you will refer to yourself as the «freeholder (landlord)» and the person who you are renting to as «renter». Write the full address of the location to be rented, including the flat (apartment) number.
2. Start with general terms, including the length of the rental, the amount of each monthly (or weekly) payment, amount of the security deposit, when payment is due, how the renter is to make payments and any late fees.
3. Write a separate section about security deposits to make it clear to your renter what needs to be done if she wants her security deposit back at the end of the lease (such as cleaning the apartment and returning keys).
4. List the tenants who are allowed to occupy the space along with the main renter (such as children).
5. Define who will pay what utilities, including cooking gas, hot water, heat and electricity.
6. Write a section outlining your pet policy. If pets are acceptable, let the tenant know the rules of keeping a pet at the flat along with any pet fees that they may be charged.
7. Create another section that defines what is grounds for termination of the agreement. That may include an unruly tenant, violence, trashing of the premises, non-payment of rent, pet problems or an unauthorized tenant. If for whatever reason you can't deliver possession at the beginning of the lease, write in that the agreement can be terminated. Define what type of notice you will be giving the tenant, and what type of notice he has to give you if he does not want to renew at the end of the lease agreement. Discuss the renter's responsibilities (such as being responsible for the remainder of rental payments on the lease) if he chooses to break the lease.
8. Add clear information in your flat rental contract about your policies regarding the following: noise complaints, renter's insurance requirements, parking, waterbeds and other questionable items, damage to property, whether or not the flat can be modified or altered by the renter, garbage disposal rules, any house rules, the landlord's requirement to have 24 hours notice before entering the premises, whether the renter can sublet the flat, keys, mail, furniture, legal fees, and arbitration requirements.
9. Write a section confirming that the renter has seen the condition of the premises, considers it acceptable and will keep the flat in that condition. Let the renter know in the contract that the terms of the rental arrangement can be changed by you (the landlord) with proper notice once the initial lease expires. You want to be covered in the case that you need to raise the rent at renewal to keep up with costs.
10. Add what is called a «Joint and Several Liability» clause at the end of your contract that basically just states that all parties are both individually and jointly responsible for the terms of the agreement. Finally, include a «No Waiver» clause that basically states that even if one part of your agreement is deemed unenforceable by a court of law, the rest of the agreement remains in tact. The «No Waiver» should also explain that if you excuse a breach of one part of the agreement by the renter, that does not mean you will excuse a breach of all the other terms.
11. Include a space for both you and the renter to sign, print your name and write the date at the bottom of the agreement.
To be read after Unit 4 – 5
Text 1. The Nizhny Novgorod State University
There are a lot of different higher educational establishments and their branches in Nizhny Novgorod. But the Nizhny Novgorod State University is one of the most famous, important and oldest.
It was opened in 1916 as the Public University and it was one of three public universities in Russia. Since 1918 it has been the State University.
Nowadays it is one of the leading universities of Russia and it represents the largest educational scientific and cultural complex in Privolzhsky Federal okrug.
The University is of complex structure. There are 18 faculties at the University. They are: Biological, Chemical, Historical, the Faculty of International Relations, Radiophysics, Physics, Applied Mathematics and Cybernetics, Mechanics and Mathematics, Economics, Philological, Financial, Law, Higher School of General and Applied Physics, the Fa-culty of Social Sciences, the Faculty of Physical Training, the Faculty of Management and Business, the Faculty of the Destination Study, the Preparatory Faculty called Centre «Education». These faculties include 125 departments. More than 30000 students and about 1000 post-graduates study here.
The University has 5 branches and 6 representations it towns and provincial centers of Nizhny Novgorod region. There is the Institute of post-graduate and doctorate studies, the Centre of the supplementary professional education, the Internet centre, the Printing House, the Centre of Slavonic culture, the Centre of economic preparation, the Regional centre of ecological education, the Centre of Humane studies and other units.
The University comprises several museums: Zoological (with largest collection of exhibits in the whole region of Volga and Vyatka), Archaelogical, Ethnographic, the Historical museum with the art gallery, the Scientific museum «Nizhegorodskaya radio-laboratory», the Virtual branch of the Russian museum (which is situated in Saint-Petersburg).
The University fundamental library contains more than 2 million units of books, textbooks and scientific literature, there are 11 specialized rea-ding halls.
The academic year is divided into 2 terms Examinations are taken twice a year. Lectures are given and classes are conducted by highly qualified professors and teachers. More than 70% of the teaching staff possess science degrees of doctors of science (D. Sc.) and candidates of science (Ph. D.).
It takes 5 years to study Diploma Specialist programs. They are offered in 46 specialties. Bachelor’s programs (4 years) are taught in 23 areas. There are 56 Master’s programs (6 years). The educational process of post-graduates is carried out 52 specialties.
In the official ratings the Nizhny Novgorod State University regularly takes the first place among classical universities of Privolzhsky Federal okrug and it is included in the list of 10 leading Russian universities.
Text 2. The Bauman Moscow State Technical University
The Bauman University is the Citadel of Russia’s engineering education. It survived two Russian revolutions, Civil War, World War II, demise of the Soviet Union. It was several times renamed and reorganized. The phenomenon of Bauman longevity and firmness is its intangible spirit and unique system of training engineers.
1830 is the official date of Bauman foundation when Emperor Nicholas I confirmed the «statute of the industrial school» to be opened in Moscow. Actually the school was established by his mother the Empress Maria Fyodorovna, non-Russian by the origin. In 1826 as an act of charity she personally founded workshop for different crafts for the orphans of a foundling hospital. The aim of the new school was to create a new social class of free people who can contribute to the industrial development of Russia. The school developed very rapidly mainly due to the creation of a system of theoretical and practical training interconnected with the industry. By 1868 the academic standards of the school were so high that it was reorganized to a special institution of higher learning – Imperial Moscow Technical School (IMTS). During the 1876 Exhibition in Philadelphia the methods used by the School were acknowledged as «Russian system» of training engineers.
Two Russian revolutions greatly influenced the destiny of the School but actually they left untouchable the idea of unique training method. The School was renamed as Moscow Higher Technical School (MHTS). The name of Nikolai Bauman, a revolutionary, was added to the title due to the historical events in the region. Year by year Bauman name fused with different titles of the university and nowadays is considered as a logo or brand well known all over the world.
The World War II was a serious test for the School. Continuing the process of education MHTS workshops rapidly switched to ammunition production.
Then was an arms race and space race, Bauman triumph. 11 Russian cosmonauts originate from the Bauman University.
With the fall of iron curtain defense industry oriented the Bauman University had to adapt to market economy and activity in the open international society.
Within limited time Linguistics, Engineering Business and Management, etc. faculties were organized. The diversity of scientific and engineering profile led to a new title – the Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
Currently BMSTU occupies vast territory, has many buildings erected in different epochs, several dormitories and subsidiaries in Moscow region. Bauman University numbers about 30000 students, trainers and emp-loyees. Recently it accepted the status of National Research University for its contribution to innovative technologies.
The University provides Bachelor, Master and Engineering (Specialist) degrees, Ph D and D Sc. studies, etc. Following human traditions of the XIX century modern Bauman University runs state-of-the-art training center for disabled students – hearing-impaired people, it is also engaged in to pre-university training of school children.