Вариант 1

Упр. 1. Формы Continuous (Present, Past, Future) и Perfect (Present, Past, Future) в действительном (Active) и страдательном (Passive) залогах.

(A) Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.

Model: The train has already arrived at the station. Поезд уже прибыл на станцию. has arrived – Present Perfect Active (to arrive)

1. Japanese Railways has banned the passengers to use their cellular telephones on its commuter trains. The railway company has recently received a lot of complaints because passengers speaking on their telephones are shouting too loud and disturbing others.

2. It was snowing heavily and I couldn't make out the number of the tram. When I had covered several tram stops, I realized that I got on the wrong tram.

3. China is planning to construct several thousand kilometers of high-speed lines for the transportation of 1.5 billion passengers and 2.1 billion tones of freight a year. Specific plans have been already drawn up to upgrade the busiest main lines for the movement of express trains at 250 kmh. At the same time, the possibility of the train speed increase up to 350 kmh is being investigated.

(B) Перепишите предложения, поставив глагол в нужную форму, и переведите их.

1. Train fares (to increase – Present Perfect Active) several times during the past year.

2. After a high-speed monorail (to build – Past Perfect Passive) in Tokyo, the problem of passenger transportation (to solve – Past Simple Passive).

3. At present 2,500 km of high-speed lines (to construct – Present Continuous Passive) in Europe and Asia.

4. New Zealand's most serious rail disaster (to occur – Past Simple Active) on Christmas Eve 1953. The railway bridge at Tangiwai (to collapse – Past Simple Active) when a Wellington-Auckland express passenger train (to cross – Past Continuous Active) it. 151 lives (to lose – Past Simple Passive).

5. The new tank train (to test – Present Perfect Passive) in severe winter conditions on the Alaska Railroad.

Упр. 2. Модальные Глаголы

Составьте предложения из двух частей, обращая внимание на перевод глаголов must, should, can, may, need.

1. On the first railways, accidents happened very often because …

2. Due to the growth of train loads and speeds, …

3. In Hungary, children under 6 years and seniors over 65 years from EU countries …

4. The double-track railways are more convenient than single-track lines as …

5. Passengers should check their tickets after purchase …

______________________________________________________________________________

a) the stability of the track must be constantly improved.

b) to be sure that it is the correct ticket.

c) the trains needn’t wait for the other trains to pass.

d) the trains couldn’t stop quickly due to the limited brake power.

e) may travel by rail without charge.

Упр. 3. Причастие I

Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Подчеркните причастия.

1. The railway operator offers additional discounts for passengers traveling to Finland with children under the age of 17.

2. The first Metro trains were driven by steam locomotives, which burnt coal, filling the tunnels with smoke.

3. Having measured the distance between two points, we can calculate the time a train can cover it, if we know the train’s average speed.

4. The Trans-Europe expresses are fast trains linking major cities of Europe and running at high speeds.

5. The journey from London to Norwich (184 km) takes exactly two hours, including stops.

Упр. 4. Причастие II

Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Подчеркните причастия.

1. In some European countries, tank cars made of reinforced plastics are used for conveyance of wine and fruit juices.

2. During the test run, the steam locomotive produced by Peter Cooper raced against a coach pulled by a horse.

3. The diesel-electric locomotive has an internal combustion engine connected to the driving wheels by electric transmission.

4. Signals installed at frequent intervals along the total mainline inform the engine drivers of the position of other trains.

5. If compared with electric locomotives, diesel locomotives have a higher maintenance cost.

Упр. 5. ТЕСТ

Выберите нужное причастие (Participle I or Participle II)

1. Large electric diagrams ___ the routes of trains are installed in the London Underground.

A. showing B. Showed

2. In recent years, the amount of freight ___ by rail has increased considerably.

A. carrying B. Carried

3. Tickets for trains ___ from Shanghai go on sale nine days before the departure day.

A. departing B. Departed

4. A tank car is a type of railroad rolling stock ___ to transport liquid and gaseous goods.

A. designing B. Designed

5. When ___ the underground line in Rome, the builders found ancient ruins and statues.

A. constructing B. Constructed

Упр. 6. Задайте разделительные вопросы к следующим предложениям.

1. The first steel rails were made and laid in Derby in 1857.

2. This mechanism activates the emergency brake.

3. In 1786, William Murdock constructed a working model of a small steam locomotive.

4. Most of the trains running the service on the suburban lines operate on electricity.

5. This equipment should be carried in a boxcar for it requires protection against weather.

6. Automatic ticket-vending machines have been developed for the improvement of passengers’ service at the railway stations.

Упр. 7. (A) Прочитайте текст и устно переведите его. Выполните упражнения, данные после текста, письменно.