14.Complete the following sentences:

1. Lomonosov was a famous Russian … .

2. Lomonosov was born … .

3. As a scientist he rejected … and … the kinetic theo­ry of gases.

4. He regarded … , sug­gested … , and stated ….

5. Lomonosov was the first person to … and … .

6. he wrote … that reformed … by combining Old Church Slavonic with … . 7. In 1760 he published ….

8. He also … the art of Russian mosaic and … a mosaic and colouredglass factory.

15. Find in the text answers to the following questions. Work in pairs. Use such expressions as:

I think/suppose/ consider/believe; to my mind/ in my opinion; as far as I remember/ know/ understand; Let me see…; How shall I put it?; Well, let me think..; Let’s put it this way…; I’ll have to think about that; The best way I can answer that is…; That’s a good question.; That’s a difficult question. Let me see….

1. When was Lomonosov born?

2. Why is Lomonosov called the founder of Russian science?

3. What did he reject?

4. What theory did he anticipate?

5. What did he record?

6. What did he write?

7. What did he revive?

8. When did he die?

16. Speak on the following topic:

• Prove that Lomonosov is one of the most outstanding Russian scientists.

17. Read the following text and translate it into Russian.

• Find in each sentence subject and predicate.

When Mikhail Lomonosov came to Moscow he gained admission to the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy. He made rapid progress. Then he entered the Academy of Sciences. His abilities and diligence attracted the attention of the professors and as one of the three best students he continued his education abroad. There he studied chemistry, mathematics, metallurgy and mining. On his return to Russia he became a professor and a member of the Academy of Sciences.

For versatility Lomonosov has no equal in Russian science. Many of his ideas and discoveries won recognition only in the nineteenth century. For instance, he was the first who discovered the vegetation origin of coal, and as a poet and scientist he played a great role in the formation of the Russian literary language.

His living memorial is the Moscow University, which he founded in 1755.

• Make up 5 general questions to the text.

• Make up 5 special questions to the text.

Unit 2 Marie Curie

1. What do you know about Marie Curie? Think of three questions you would like to ask about her. Read and see if you can answer them. Explain the words in bold.

2. Choose the correct word a-d to complete the gaps.

3. Pay attention to the correct pronunciation of the following words and read them aloud.

chemistry	['kemıstrı]
Curie	['kjʊ(ǝ)rı]
isolate	['aısǝleıt]
machine	[mǝ'ʃı:n]
medicine	['meds(ǝ)n]
Sorbonne	[sɔrˈbɒn]

Marie Curie was born Maria Sklodowski in Warsaw, Poland in 1867. She was the youngest of five children. Her parents 1) ……..as teachers and they brought her up to love learning. Her mother died in 1877. Manya, as they called her, and her sisters had to get jobs.

Manya became a tutor for a family. She enjoyed her 2)……..there and could send money to her father and her sister, Bronya, who was studying medicine in Paris.

When her sister got married, she invited Manya to live with them and study at the Sorbonne. It was then that she 3)……..her name to Marie. Marie studied Physics and Maths and got her Master’s degree in both subjects. When she graduated from university, she started research 4)……..magnetism. It was at that time she met Pierre Curie, a young scientist. They 5)…….. in love immediately and got married. Marie moved to his house and they both started examining uranium and other elements to decide whether they were radioactive. It 6)…….. four years to isolate the radioactive source which she named radium. For this, they 7)……. The Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. In 1906, her husband died in an accident and Marie got the position they had offered him at the Sorbonne.

In 1911, she got the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 8)……. World War I, she designed the first X-Ray machine and travelled with it along the front lines.

Marie died in July, 1934 in Paris. She died 9)……. radiation poisoning. She worked hard and proved that if a person keeps to his goals, he will 10)…….. . For her, success came with the two Nobel Prizes she received and the fact that she was the first woman to ever get one. We all owe her our respect and admiration.

1 A taught	B worked	C were	D employed
2 A time	B period	C term	D season
3 A swapped	B altered	C changed	D replaced
4 A with	B at	C into	D for
5 A met	B fell	C were	D went
6 A had	B lasted	C spent	D took
7 A earned	B gained	C won	D achieved
8 A As	B While	C During	D When
9 A of	B by	C over	D with
10 A reach	B achieve	C manage	D succeed