4. Translate the following words into Russian.

rapid	['ræpɪd]
training	['treɪnɪŋ]
processing	['prəusesɪŋ]
directly	[dɪ'rektlɪ]
to transform	[træn(t)s'fɔːm]

5. а) Translate following adjectives with suffix –al

educational, technical, geological, chemical

б) Fill in the blanks with adjectives formed from the italicized nouns.

1. Russian higher schools give the young people an all-round education. The number of higher ... institutions increased greatly.

2. Chemistry is an important branch of the national economy. The ... industry produces plastics, synthetic materials and other products.

3. The students specialize in geology at the ... institutes.

4. Scientists carry out re­search and develop different techniques. They popularized ... achievements among engineers.

6. Read the following phrases and translate them into Russian.

higher education

to to work on important problems

educational institutions

scientific research insti­tutes

to direct scientific research

to to call for the establishment of new educational institutions

7. Guess the meanings of the italicized words.

Technical education; highly qualified specialists; well-equipped laboratories and demonstration rooms; Russian and foreign scientific books and journals; close con­tacts with the coal and ore mining industries; to take an active part in the construction of new industrial enterprises; to organize new institutes; to popularize technical achievements.

8. Read and translate the text. First Technical Schools in Russia

The main task of Technical Schools was to train engineers and techni­cians, to popularize technological achievements among people, to work on important problems of different branches of engineering and to direct scientific research. New courses which pro­vided the basis for the development of engineering in the Soviet Union were introduced.

Such Technical Schools were well-known educational institutions in Russia. They had well-equipped laboratories, demonstration rooms and libraries which had many volumes of Russian and foreign scientific books and journals. Such schools established close contacts with industrial enterprises. Scientists carried out scientific research and worked on important engineering problems.

The rapid industrial development of the country called for training of more highly-qualified specialists and the establishment of new educational institutions.

People took an active part in the construction of new industrial enterprises and such schools could not cope with the problem of training specialists. As a result they were transformed into independent institutes. Later, scientific research Institutes appeared all over the country.

9. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1. The main task of Technical Schools was to train musicians and techni­cians.

2. Technical Schools introduced a new course in oil industry.

3. They had only several well-equipped laborat­ories, demonstration rooms and a library which had few vol­umes of books.

4. Scientists established close contacts with different industrial enterprises.

5. Technical Schools were transformed into independent institutes.

6. People didn’t take an active part in the construction of new industrial enterprises and such schools could cope with the problem of training specialists.