5. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх на українську мову, звертаючи увагу на функції дієприкметника (Participle I та II).

1. We need highly developed electronics and new materials to make supercomputers.

2. We are carried by airplanes, trains and cars with built-in electronic devices.

3. Computer components produced should be very clean.

4. Many countries have cable TV, a system using wires for transmitting TV' programs.

5. New technologies reduce the number of workers needed.

6. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх на українську мову, звертаючи увагу на функцію інфінітиву.

1. To develop a supercomputer, highly developed electronics and new materials were required.

2. One of the best ways to keep the car speed steady is to use a computer.

3. Experiments helped Mendeleev to discover the properties of new chemical elements.

4. A special electronic device signals the engine to stop.

5. To detect objects at a distance such as ships, aircrafts, buildings, mountings, etc. is of a great importance for navigation both at sea and in air.

ВАРІАНТ 2

1. Прочитайте та перекладіть українською мовою текст з 1-го по 5-й абзаци. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть з 1-го по 3-й абзаци тексту:

Is there an End to the Computer Race?

1. Today the word «electronics» is in general usage. Millions of people have electron watches. There are a lot of various radio and TV sets, video cassette recorders and CD players in our houses. In factories and plants we are surrounded with electronically controlled machines and instruments. We are carried by airplanes, ships, trains and cars with built-in electronic devices, and satellites circle the globe. In other words, we are living in an electronic world. 

2. And the center of this world is a tiny silicon plate¹ of a few square millimetres, an integrated circuit, or a chip, as it is more commonly known. The integrated circuit is undoubtedly one of the most sophisticated inventions of man, science and technology. It is in the heart of every electronic device. The more cassette recorders, TV sets and computers we need, the more integrated circuits are required.

3. When we speak about a further development of computers we mean not only quantity, but also high technology and high speed. In the past it took scientists and researchers a whole lifetime to make a few thousand calculations, whereas for a modern computer this task is a matter of a few seconds. Supercomputers are different from ordinary computers.

4. In the next few years engineers will complete the work on computers of above 2 billion operations a second. It will take a few more years to produce a 10-billion operations computer. The fifth-generation computers performing 100 billion operations a second will become available in the near future. Is there an end to this race?

5. According to some researchers, we are close to what can be regarded as a true physical limit. But other specialists think that photons will make the operation a thousand times faster. This means that in the future it will be possible to expect the appearance of photon computers and that computations will be done by means of light. Already, the optical equivalent of a transistor has been produced, and intensive research on optical-electronic computers is being carried out in a number of countries around the world. In a few decades a new age of light may replace the still youthful electronic age. The race is going on.

2. Дайте відповідь на запитання:

1) What new things appeared in people's everyday life after World War II?

2) What applications of computers do you know?

3) How does an ordinary computer (a supercomputer) operate?

4) What is the task of engineers in the field of computer development?

5) What types of computers do you know?

3. Вкажіть, які речення відповідають змісту тесту. Виправте невірні речення.

1. Nowadays an integrated circuit is the main component of everyday device.

2. Supercomputers are in general usage now.

3. The operation of integrated circuits depends on their microscopic component quality.

4. Supercomputers are similar to ordinary computers.

5. It is possible to expect the appearance of optical-electronic computers in the future.

4. Заповнить пропуски відповідною формою дієслова to be: am, is, are, were, was, will або will be. Перепишіть наступні речення, визначить у кожному з них часову форму та стан дієслова-присудка. Перекладіть речення на українську мову.

1. Students of technological institutes … trained to analyse various facts and theories.

2. The scientific and technological progress of a country … determined by the qualification of specialists.

3. All the work ….. done by automatic machinery.

4. The young workers … trained at the factory how to use the new equipment.

5. The experiments ….. completed by the end of the week.

5. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх на українську мову, звертаючи увагу на функції дієприкметника ( Participle I та II).

1. Being more efficient than human beings, computers arc used more and more extensively.

2. Having graduated from Cambridge, Newton worked there as a tutor.

3. Built in the middle of the last century, the British Museum is situated in the central London.

4. The first television set produced quite a sensation in 1939.

5. The energy possessed by the body due to its position is called the potential energy.