- •Seminar 1 fundamentals of grammar. Grammatical categories
- •Get ready to answer the questions below.
- •2. Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.
- •3. Give your own examples to illustrate various syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations between phonological, lexical and grammatical lingual units.
- •4. Say which of the strings are synchronic and which are diachronic:
- •5. Describe paradigm realisation of the grammatical categories below using the model:
- •6. Analyse the following oppositions; name the categories realized in each pair and their markers:
- •7. A) Split into groups 1) synthetical forms, 2) analytical forms and 3) free word-combinations. Add a few examples of your own to each group:
- •8. Read the sentences below. Find the cases of oppositional reduction of category of tense:
- •9. Comment on the categories below: decide whether they are a) immanent or reflective, b) transgressive or closed (if (a) is immanent), c) variable feature or constant feature categories:
- •Seminar 2 morphemes and words
- •Get ready to answer the questions below.
- •2. Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.
- •I have been thinking about Jane’s decision for a long time.
- •7. Divide the words below into morphemes, identify the distributive type of each of them:
- •8. Split the words below into notional, functional and substitutional. Name the parts of speech they belong to.
- •9. Say to what parts of speech the words in bold may be assigned. Give arguments.
- •10. Study the sentences below and translate them into Russian. Name the parts of speech each word in the sentences belong to. Give arguments.
- •Seminar 3 noun: general characteristics. The category of gender
- •Блох, м.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / м.Я. Блох. - м.: Высшая школа, 2003. – с. 55-58.
- •Блох, м.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / м.Я. Блох, т.Н. Семенова, с.В. Тимофеева. – м.: Высшая школа, 2004. – с. 109-110.
- •Get ready to answer the questions below.
- •2. Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.
- •7. Give feminine gender nouns for the given masculine gender. Name the lexical means of gender expression.
- •8. Characterise the cases of personification below. Describe the grammatical mechanism and semantic grounds for it.
- •Seminar 4 noun: the categories of number, case and article determination
- •Блох, м.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / м.Я. Блох. - м.: Высшая школа, 2003. – с. 64-69, 70-82, 83-94.
- •Блох, м.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / м.Я. Блох, т.Н. Семенова, с.В. Тимофеева. – м.: Высшая школа, 2004. – с. 111, 111-112, 112-113.
- •Get ready to answer the questions below.
- •2. Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.
- •3. Use a dictionary to split the nouns into 1) countable; 2) singularia tantum nouns; 3) pluralia tantum nouns. Illustrate their use in context (sentences):
- •7. Arrange the phrases into two columns according to the type of their casal semantics (on the principle of differentiating between possession and qualification) and use the proper articles with them:
- •8. Study the poem below and explain the use of genitive case in it.
- •9. Use the appropriate article, define its meaning and explain your choice with the help of substitution or replacement test like in the model.
- •10. Is the non-use of article meaningful in the examples below? What does the zero article mean in each case?
Seminar 1 fundamentals of grammar. Grammatical categories
Sources:
Блох, М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2003. – С. 7-19, 30-41.
Блох, М.Я. Теоретические основы грамматики / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 7-72, 120-142.
Блох, М.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / М.Я. Блох, Т.Н. Семенова, С.В. Тимофеева. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 7-44, 65-78.
Additional:
Смирницкий, А. И. Синтаксис английского языка / А.И. Смирницкий. - 2-е изд., испр. - М.: Изд-во ЛКИ, 2007. - С. 5-47.
Хлебникова, И.Б. Основы английской морфологии: учебное пособие / И.Б. Хлебникова. – 3-е изд., испр. - М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 13-19, 54-57, 31-36, 38-53.
Худяков, А.А. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка: учебное пособие / А.А. Худяков. – М.: Академия, 2005. – С. 5-14, 15-25.
TASKS
Get ready to answer the questions below.
What is language? What is the distinction between language and speech?
What kind of relations do the elements of the language system exist in?
What is a lingual sign? What are the form, meaning and referent of a sign?
What is the difference between segmental and supra-segmental lingual units?
What language levels are identified in the language system?
What is the difference between paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations between lingual units?
What is the difference between lexical and grammatical meaning of the word?
What means are used to build synthetic / analytical grammatical forms?
What differentiates analytical grammatical forms from free word-combinations?
SELF-STUDY
What is a "grammatical category"? How is it connected with the notion of "opposition"? What are the differential features of privative, gradual, and equipollent oppositions?
What is oppositional reduction? What is the difference between neutralization and transposition?
Explain the differences of the following types of categories: immanent (including transgressive and closed), reflective, variable and constant feature categories.
2. Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.
Language, speech, synchronic relations, diachronic relations, segmental lingual units, supra-segmental lingual unit, hierarchy, paradigmatic relations, syntagmatic relations
grammatical category, outer inflection, inner inflection, suppletivity, opposition, binary and supra-binary oppositions, privative opposition, equipollent opposition, gradual opposition, oppositional reduction, neutralization, transposition, immanent category, transgressive category, closed category, reflective category, constant feature category, variable feature category
3. Give your own examples to illustrate various syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations between phonological, lexical and grammatical lingual units.
4. Say which of the strings are synchronic and which are diachronic:
1) gospel, you, your, has;
2) gospel, godspel, you, thee;
3) your, thy, has, hath;
4) thy, thee, godspel, hath.