Unit IX healthy way of life

Vocabulary

physical activity (regular exercise) - физическая активность (регулярные физич. упражн)

veggie (vegetarian)/ vegan - вегетарианец/строгий вегетарианец

clean water and air - чистые вода и воздух

winter/ summer sports - зимние/летние виды спорта

active/quiet life - активная/спокойная жизнь

outdoor games - игры на свежем воздухе

to go walking/ jogging - заниматься ходьбой/бегом

indoor games - игры в помещении

swimming pool - бассейн

to go to the gym - ходить в спортзал

relaxed person - спокойный человек

to be stressed - быть в напряжении, стрессовой ситуации

to take care of oneself - заботиться о себе

to do morning exercises - делать утреннюю зарядку

healthy food - здоровая пища

vegetables (cucumbers, tomatoes, onion, carrots, potatoes) - овощи (огурцы, помидоры, лук, морковь, картофель)

fruits (apples, oranges, bananas, pomegranates) - фрукты (яблоки, апельсины, бананы, гранаты)

regular eating - регулярное питание

meat (pork, lamb, beef) - мясо (свинина, баранина, говядина)

dairy products (milk, cream, sour cream, eggs, - молочные продукты (молоко, сметана, яйца) cheese, yoghurt, cottage cheese, butter,) - сыр, йогурт, творог, сливочное масло medicines - лекарства eating habits - привычки в еде

fish (trout, salmon, caviar, cord, herring) - рыба (форель, лосось, икра, треска, сельдь)

cereals (rice, buckwheat, millet, oats) - крупы (рис, греча, пшено, овёс)

cornflakes - кукурузные хлопья

fruit juices - фруктовые соки

bread (white, brown) - хлеб (белый, чёрный)

vegetable salads - овощные салаты

food low/ high in fat - пища с низким/высоким содержанием жира

to keep/to get fit - держаться в форме (быть здоровым)

fried/ boiled/ stewed food - жареная/варёная/тушёная пища

nutrients - питательные вещества

lose/ put on weight - похудеть/поправиться

balanced meals - сбалансированное питание

fibre - волокнистые вещества в пище

to be on a diet - быть на диете

to keep to/ go on a diet - сесть на диету

to have a healthy diet - придерживаться здорового питания

healthy/ unhealthy lifestyle - здоровый/нездоровый образ жизни

Ex. 1 You are going to do a quiz about happiness. Read the introduction and answer the questions.

1. What does happiness depend on?

2. What do you need to know about yourself?

3. How can you learn to be happier?

Ex.2 Your happiness depends on how you see yourself, what you want from life, and how well you get on with other people. But you need to know yourself. What sort of person are you? What makes you happy? Do you know how to make yourself happier? If you can answer these questions, you can learn to change the way you think and behave. And you can actually be happier. It just needs practice.

Do the quiz and find out how happy you are.

Write 1 -5 for each statement.

1 = very true 4 = not very true

2 = mainly true 5 = not true at all

3= about 50/50

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1. 1 take every opportunity to play, laugh, and have a good time.

2. I usually have a holiday at least once a year.

3. I get pleasure from lots of different things - art, nature, sport, friends ...

4. Sometimes I get very enthusiastic about things.

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5. I have and do the things in life that I think are important.

6. I have a positive image of myself.

7. I am grateful for what I have, and appreciate it.

8. I don't often feel jealous or envious of other people.

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9. I sleep well and wake up feeling ready for a new day.

10. I keep fit and I take care of myself.

11. 1 never feel stressed when I have a lot of things to do.

12. I don't feel afraid or depressed.

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13. I have close friends and people I share interests with.

14. I get a lot of satisfaction from my work/study.

15. My life makes a difference to other people.

16. I try to help other people.

Your score:

16-28 Extremely happy

29-40 Happy enough

41 -52 Not sure about being happy

53-64 Not very happy

65-80 Cheer up! Life can't be that bad.

Do you agree?

Ex.3 The quiz is in four sections. Write one of these headings above each section.

• Your health

• Your relationships

• Happiness with yourself

• Your entertainment

Ex.4 What do you think? In which sections of the quiz did you score a high number? What do you need to do if you want to be happier?

Ex.5 Here are the results of a recent survey into happiness Work in groups. Do you agree?

4. &25,000 per year is all we need to make us happy.

5. Buying things doesn't make us happy.

6. Experiences such as holidays and living abroad do make us happier.

7. Be happy with what you have. Stop wanting what you haven't got.

8. Enjoy what you're doing.

Ex.6 Which of these phrases match a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle?

Do exercise, lose weight, stop smoking, get stressed, get fit, go to the gym, have a heart attack, eat fried food, drink alcohol, eat food low/ high in fat, have balanced meals, go out of town, eat vegetables and fruit, play indoor games.

Ex.7 Work in pairs. Guess the answers to these questions.

1. Which disease kills more people in Britain: cancer or heart disease?

2. How many adults die of heart disease in Britain every year?

3. Do women have more heart attacks than men?

4. Where do people have more heart attacks - the UK or Japan?

5. How many grams of salt is it good to eat every day?

6. How many portions of fruit and vegetables is it good to eat every day?

7. Is alcohol always bad for your heart?

Ex.8 Now read the article below and check your answers.

Top Tips for a Healthy Heart

Heart disease kills more people in Britain than any other disease, including cancer. One adult dies every three minutes from heart disease and it’s more common in men than in women. Age is also important. Eighty percent of people who die of heart attacks are 65 and older. Moreover, it’s an amazing fact that five times more men die of heart disease in the UK than in Japan. But there are many things you can do to help your heart stay healthy. Here are our top tips.

Stop smoking. Everyone knows that cigarettes give you cancer, but they are also bad for your heart. If you only do one thing to help your heart, do this!

Do more exercise. Regular exercise (four times a week for 30 minutes) is very good for your heart.

Don’t eat a lot of fried food and only eat red meat once a week. This type of food is bad for your heart because it’s high in fat.

Eat fish twice or three times a week. It’s good for your heart because it’s low in fat and high in Omega-3 oils.

Don’t eat a lot of salt. We only need about l g of salt a day - most people eat 6 g!

Eat more fruit and vegetables (at least four portions a day).

Lose some weight. Overweight people have more heart attacks! Don’t drink a lot of alcohol, but a glass of high quality red wine can be good for your heart.

Ex.9 Read the article again and find four things that are good for your heart and four things that are bad. Does anything in the article surprise you?

Ex. 9 Complete the following text with the words in the box. There are more words than necessary!

Wards unless if lung otherwise treat livers unhealthy used diseases lucky fat

In the modem world, people are __________for different reasons. ________they don’t take enough exercise, they become fat, which can cause heart problems. If they smoke they may develop cancer and they are lucky and the disease is discovered at an early stage, it’s likely they will die of it. Hospitals are full of people who are suffering from incurable through smoking tobacco. Others drink too much alcohol and do terrible damage to their ________. Such people have to drink more moderately and take better care of themselves, __________they are likely to become seriously ill. In Britain, people have become _________to seeing life expectancy rise and expect modern medicine to have an answer to their medical problems. However, unless we begin to _________ our bodies with more respect we may find ourselves dying at a younger age than our parents - or even our grandparents.

What is the author’s idea? What does he want to warn people against?

Ex.10 Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one using if, unless, otherwise.

Model:

If he doesn’t stop smoking, his cough will get worse.

Unless he stops smoking, his cough will get worse. He should stop smoking, otherwise his....

If you don’t go on a diet, you won’t lose weight. You should go on a diet,

She won’t get better unless she takes regular exercise. If she

If you don’t stop smoking, your lungs will suffer. You must

She won’t lose weight unless she goes to the gym. If she

If he doesn’t take jogging, he won’t get fit. He won’t

He has to take tablets, otherwise he’ll get very tired. If he doesn’t

You have to go to a sports centre if you want to get fit. You won’t

You should eat less chocolate, otherwise you’ll put on weight. If you

Ex. 11 Read the following text and be ready to say what new facts you have learnt about food.

Eat to Be Healthy

Our eating habits affect our feel during the day. What happens if you have no breakfast, or poor breakfast? You are likely to be tired or cross, and, of course, hungry till having lunch.

There is a ring of truth in a well-known saying: «А man is what he eats». Food is a form of fuel. It gives us energy, helps us to grow, resist disease and form strong teeth and bones. No single food can take care of all body's needs. Some foods are better than others in helping make strong muscles. Among them are meat, eggs, fish, and poultry. Some foods are better than others in helping keep bones, teeth, skin, and blood healthy. Among these foods are fruit, vegetables, milk, and cheese.

Fish is considered to be good for brain. People say that carrots are good for eyes. The saying: «An apple a day keeps the doctor away» means that you will be healthy if you eat an apple every day.

There are so many kinds of food - fast food, snacks, junk food - that it may be difficult to follow a healthy diet. Fresh fruit and vegetables are important for a healthy diet. In the past, sailors who went on long sea voyages stayed on their ships for many months without going ashore. They did not get fresh food and so often suffered from a disease called scurvy. Scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C, which is found in fruit and vegetables.

In our country, bread is an important part of our everyday food. When we sit down for a meal, there is always bread on the table. For breakfast, we have bread with butter or cheese. Some people have jam or olives. For lunch, we have bread with a meat or vegetable dish. Again at dinner, we eat bread with whatever food there is on the table. When there is rice or potatoes, we have bread, too. My granny says that if there is no bread, there is no food.