CPhysical sequence combined brewed substance range resist unknown currency addiction explorers divine powers similar energized hocolate

U ntil the Spanish (1) ___ brought chocolate back from the New World, it was totally (2) ___ in Europe. Arriving in Mexico in the early 1500s, Hernán Cortés discovered that the Indians drank a delicious, dark, frothy beverage called chocolatl, (3) ___ from the beans of the native cacao plant. Cacao beans were so highly valued in the area that they were used as (4) ___. In the marketplace of Chichén Itzá, a center of Mayan Indian civilization, four beans would buy a pumpkin and 100 would buy a slave. The Indians of Mexico seemed to have (5) ___ to chocolate as well. Whenever the Aztec Indian king Montezuma did not drink his 50 cups of chocolatl a day, it is said, he would feel a strong (6) ___ need for it.

It is a good thing for the chocolate lovers of the world that Cortés actually met Montezuma. If he hadn’t, the delicious (7) ___ might never have crossed the ocean to Spain. Chocolate was popular in Spain for a century before the news of its (8) ___ taste and reputed medicinal and psychological (9) ___ spread to other European countries.

Theobromine, a substance (10) ___ to caffeine, is found in chocolate, which explains why people felt (11) ___ after drinking chocolate. Doctors reported that chocolate was an effective medicine, imparting energy, among other things.

Chocolate was primarily a beverage until the 1800s, when a Swiss chocolatier (12) ___ it with milk to get solid chocolate. This eventually resulted in the wide (13) ___ of candies and candy bars that we enjoy today. Chocolate cake or cookies which anyone can hardly (14) ___ tasting would probably never have been developed if it had not been for an unusual (15) ___ of events dating to the 16th century.

12. Образуйте соответствующее однокоренное слово.

Coca-cola

John Pemberton, a chemist from Georgia, as responsible for the invent (1) of Coca-Cola in 1886. He decided to make a syrup that was both origin (2) and thirst-quenching.

In his drugstore, he produced a mix (3) of cola-nut extract, sugar and caffeine. The exact compose (4) is still a secret. A few months later, one of Pemberton’s assistants mistake (5) served Coca-Cola with add (6) soda water, which turned out to be very successful. To market his new drink Pemberton decided to form a partner (7) with Frank Robertson whose elegant hand (8) was used for the Coca-Cola trademark.

In 1985, the introduce (9) of an improved recipe called New Coke didn’t meet with the approve (10) of Coke drinkers and the old recipe was revived.

13. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами из предложенного списка.

The sandwich

Existed sense advertising established incident gambling drag toast lump original portable

John Montague, the eleventh Earl of Sandwich, was so keen on (1) ___ that he could not (2) ___ himself from the card table, even for a meal. Once he spent 24 hours playing cards without once getting up to eat or drink. Instead, to stop himself from feeling hungry during the game, he had his servants make him a special (3) ‘___’ meal, made up of a piece of cold beef between two slices of (4) ___. There was nothing (5) ___ in putting a piece of bread round vegetables or even round a (6) ___ of meat. It had been done for as long as bread itself had (7) ___. However, it was this famous (8) ___ that gave the snack a name; the sandwich. The first written record we have of the use of the word in this (9) ___ goes back to 1762. The word was well (10) ___ by the middle of the nineteenth century and even began to be used as a verb meaning ‘to put something between two things of another type’, as in, ‘I found myself sandwiched between a crowd of football fans and a brick wall.’ Also, someone who carries two (11) ___ boards over his shoulders came to be known as a ‘sandwich man’.

14. Образуйте соответствующее однокоренное слово.