The answer to a task 2

In blood of the patient the increase in the contents of the general cholesterol, increase of quantity of free cholesterol and decrease in the contents of ethers of cholesterol are marked.

The contents of triglycerides is insignificantly increased.

The ratio phospholipids to cholesterol aside increases in cholesterol has changed, activity of clotting systems of blood is raised increased.

Such changes can be observed at an atherosclerosis.

Because of defeat of arteries blood supply of tissue is broken, in them develop dystrophic necrotic ulcers.

It is possible to assume presence of an atherosclerosis of the right extremities.

The answer to a task 3

The specified complaints and changes in the analysis of blood take place during a heat a rickets.

Rickets – the general disease of the child caused by lack of vitamin D or infringement in synthesis of active metabolites of vitamin D. The target cells of vitamin D are in intestines, a bone tissue, kidneys.

Active metabolites of vitamin D strengthen absorption of calcium in intestines due to synthesis of calcium binding protein.

In a bone tissue metabolites of vitamin D strengthen synthesis of a citric acid that promotes accumulation calcium salts and phosphorus, raises activity of osteoblasts. Hence, at the presence of vitamin D is increased the process ostheogenesis .

According to the analysis of blood takes place hypocalcemia. It is caused by that at lack of vitamin D is reduced absorption of calcium in intestines.

Alongside with hypocalcemia it is marked hypophosphatemia. Last takes place because of decrease in reabsorption of phosphates in renal tubules. Alkaline phosphate-organ-specific enzyme of a bone tissue.

Decrease in a level of calcium in blood causes amplification strengthening of activity of parathyroid glands, i.e. amplified strengthened formation of parathyroid hormone parathyroid, parathormone. The loss of calcium salts leads to a softening of bones, and ostheoporoses.

Parathyroid hormone (parathyroid, parathormone) suppresses reabsorption of phosphates and amino acids in kidneys, that also promotes development hypophosphatemia. Besides develops hypoproteinemia, causing decrease reduction in alkaline reserves of blood. Therefore, in the analysis of blood the contents of acidic products is raise, by this reason is developed the asidosis. Last causes infringement of microcirculation in CNS and internal bodies. First of all is disturbed the function of langs and intestine is. Owing to acidosis sweat has a acidic smell. This causes occurrence of a skin itch.

The decries of phosphate quantity leads to removing of phospates from phosphates of myelin membranes of nervous fibers and cells and from ATP of muscles tissue. The changes in the structure of myelin membranes leads to the process of excitement .

Therefore, the child becames restless, shudders at a loud sound, flash of light, dream of the child superficial, disturbing.