Clinical situation
Patient, 50 years complains on colicky pain in the right leg, chill and feeling numbness stupor extremities/ at walking the is compelled stop, then pain abates an alternating lameness. Recently on fingers of the right leg tropic ulcers have appeared.
The general analysis of blood:
Leukocytes –9*10 9 /l
Erythrocytes or red blood cells – 4*10 12 /l
Hemoglobin – 130 g/l
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESR – 10 mm/h
Biochemical blood rest”
The total cholesterol – 10,3 mmol/l
Free cholesretol – 6,18 mmol/l
Esters of cholesterol – 4,12 mmol/l
Triglycerides – 5,00 mmol/l
The ration of phospholipids to cholesterol – 0,8:1,7 (normal – 1,5:1,0)
What are the changes in blood and urine test?
Which metabolic processes are damaged?
With which pathological conditions it may be?
What is it mechanism of this malfunctions.
Clinical situation
Patient, 50 years old, man has pains in right hypocondrium with irradiation in back and right scapula, low appetite, weakness also nausea, vomiting and skin itch.
Blood test:
Hb – 135 g/l
Total protein – 65 g/l
Total cholesterol – 12 mcmol/l
Bilirubin total – 100 mcmol/l
Unconjugated – 12 mcmol/l
Conjugated – 18 mcmol/l
Rest nitrogen – 23 mmol/l
Urine test:
Diuresis – 1200 ml
Color – brown
Transparency – transparent
Glucose - negative
Protein - negative
Urobilin - negative test
Specific gravity of urine – 1.020
What are the changes in blood and urine test?
Which metabolic processes are damaged?
With which pathological conditions it may be?
What is it mechanism of this malfunctions.
Clinical situation
Mother of 8 year old of his child had nausea and vomiting two times, temperature 37-38 C. On examination child was weak, light yellow sclera’s, pains of abdomen and where the pains in right epigasticall area.
Blood test.
Erythrocyte sedimantation rate (E.S.R)-32 mm/l
Leucocytes – 12,5 * 10 9 g/l
Bilirubin total – 34,5 mcmol/l
Indirect – 18,0 mcmol/l
Direct – 16, 5 mcmol/l
LDG – 8,5 mcmol/l * ml
ALT – 580 nmol/l/h (1,68 mcmol/l)
Glucose –4,5 mmol/l
Hb - 135 gr/l
Total cholesterol – 5,1 mmol/l
Urine test:
Diuresis – 1,200 ml
Color – dark yellow
Transparency – transparent
Specific gravity of urine – 1,020
pH weak acidic
bile pigment – positive test
What are the changes in blood and urine test?
Which metabolic processes are damaged?
With which pathological it may be?
What is the mechanism of this malfunctions?
Clinical situation
A man, 47 years old complains on the weakness, progressive deterioration (impairment), meteorism, appetite loss (anorexia) bitter taste in the mouth, loss of weight, nousea, vomiting, periodical increase of the temperature, and skin itch, the urine is cloudy and dark. About 10 years man abuses of alcohol.
Blood test:
Total protein – 45 gr/l (hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia)
Urea – 0,5 mmol/l
Total bilirubin – 85 mcmol/l
Indirect – 64 mcmol/l, direct – 21
Lipoproteins – 1,5 gr/l
Total cholesterol – 1,5 mmol/l
Coagulation test – Veltman test - upheaval right
Hb – 80 gr/l
Total LDG – 9,5 mcmol/h/l
ALT - 540 nmol/ls/ (normal - 30-420 )
Urine test:
Diuresis – 1,100 ml
Color – brown
Transparence – transparent
Specific gravity – 1,012
pH – slightly acidic
Bile pigments – positive
Glucose – no (absent)
Protein – no (absent )
What organ is damaged in this pathological condition?
In which pathological condition may be these changes?
Preliminary diagnosis the mechanism of theirs development?
Clinical situation
Woman 19 years old complains on the pain in the abdomen, headache, are appeared the black spots in front of eyes, periodically arising the jaundice of skin, very dark urine (especially in the morning), transient weakness.
Blood test:
Total protein – 50 gr.
Glucose – 4,5 mmol/l
Total bilirubin – 120 mcmol/l
Indirect – 95 mcmol/l, direct – 25
Ketone bodies – 500 mcmol/l
Lipoproteins – 4,0 gr/l
Total cholesterol – 5,7 mmol/l
Erythrocytes – 2,10 x 10 gr/l
Leukocytes – 4,7 x 10 gr/l
Erythrocytes sedimentation rate – 10 mm/h
Hb – 64 gr/l
ALT – 90 nmol/l (N 30-420 nmol/l)
Urine test:
Diuresis – 1,500 ml
Color – yellow
Transparency – transparent
Specific gravity – 1,020
pH – slightly acidic
Urobilin – acute positive
Bile pigments – negative
Glucose – no (absent)
What are the changes in blood and urine tests?
Which metabolic processes are damaged?
With which pathological it may be?
What is the mechanism of this malfunctions?