Следующие глаголы в предложениях, содержащих Complex Subject,.Употребляются в Active Voice:

to seem, to appear, to turn out, to happen

Упр. 3. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное подлежащее.

1. Irving turned out to be a long, pale-faced fellow. 2. His office turned out to be in one of the back streets. 3. He appeared to be an ideal man. 4. She doesn't seem to want to do anything I suggest. 5. He turned out to have no feeling whatever for his nephew. 6. This appeared to amuse the policeman. 7. You can easily get in through the window if the door happens to be locked. 8. The peasants did not seem to see her. 9. The Gadfly seemed to have taken a dislike to Signora Grassini from the time of their first meeting. 10. You don't seem to have done any great thing to yourself by going away. 11. "Jim," he said at last, in a voice that did not seem to belong to him. 12. Money just doesn't happen to interest me. 13. In the middle of the lecture Dr. Sommerville happened to pause and look out of the window. 14. From the very first men. turn of Long John, I was afraid that he might turn out to be the very one-legged sailor whom I had watched for so long at the inn. 15. Clyde seemed to have been thinking of no one else but Sondra since their last meeting. 16. Clyde appeared to have forgotten of his promise to spend his spare eve. mugs with Roberta. 17. She appeared to be an excellent actress. 18. One day a Hare happened to moot a Tortoise. 19. The Tortoise seemed to be moving very slowly. 20. The Hare turned out to be the loser of the race. 21. The apparatus seemed to be in excellent condition. 22. You appear to have found in him something that I have missed. 23. This work seems to take much time. 24. The operation seemed to be a complicated one. 25. The new methods of work appear to be very effective. 26. The percentage of carbon in this steel turned out to be low.

Упр. 4. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя сложное подлежащее.

E.g. It appeared that they had lost the way. They appeared to have lost the way.

1. It seems they know all about it. 2. It seems they have heard all about it. 3. It seemed that the discussion was coming to an end. 4. It seems that you don't approve of the idea. 5. It seemed that the house had not been lived in for a long time. 6. It appeared that he was losing patience. 7. It appeared that he had not heard what had been said. 8. It happened that I was present at the opening session. 9. It so happened that I overheard their conversation. 10. It turned out that my prediction was correct. 11. It turned out that the language of the article was quite easy.

Запомните следующие предложения, содержащие Complex Subject

He is likely to win the prize.- Похоже, что он выиграет приз.

Hie is sure to come.- Он обязательно придет.

Упр. 5. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на словосочетания to be likely to, to be sure to.

1. Mr. Worthing is sure to be back soon. 2. These two young people are sure to be very good friends. 3. You are sure to be there tomorrow night, aren't you? 4. We most of us want a good many things that we are not likely to get. 5. He is sure to tell me all about this even if I don't ask him. 6. When Sondra said that they were sure to meet again, she saw Clyde's face suddenly brighten. 7. If we go on arguing, we are sure to quarrel. 8. They are sure to acknowledge your talent. 9. He is sure to give us some useful information. 10. The article is likely to appear in the next issue of the journal. U. She is not likely to change her opinion. 12. They were sure to come to an understanding. 13. Don't worry: everything is sure to turn out all right. 14. This new course of treatment is sure to help your grandmother.

Упр. 6. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя сложное подлежащее.

1. Известно, что марсианские каналы были открыты в 1877 году. 2. Предполагают, что заседание закончится в десять часов. 3. Полагают, что они знают об этом больше, чем хотят показать. 4. Джим оказался храбрым мальчиком. 5. Рочестер случайно встретил Джейн по дороге домой. 6. Говорят, что он работает над своим изобретением уже несколько лет. 7. Говорят, что эта статья переведена на все языки мира. 8. Вы, кажется, много читали до поступления в университет. 9. Как известно, Жуковский был прекрасным педагогом и лектором. 10. Никак не ожидали, что холодная погода наступит так рано. 11. Оказалось, что мы уже когда-то встречались. 12. Вы, кажется, устали. 13. Условия работы оказались более трудными, чем предполагалось. 14. Вы случайно не знаете этого человека? 15. Книга, которую вы мне дали, оказалась скучной. 16. Новые автобусы оказались очень удобными. 17. Из трех сестер Бронте Шарлотта считается наиболее талантливой. 18. Как известно, английская писательница Войнич жила в течение нескольких лет в Петербурге и изучала русскую литературу. Считают, что русская литература оказала влияние на ее творчество. 19. Ваш приятель, кажется, очень интересуется древней историей. 20. Известно, что римляне построили на Британских островах хорошие дороги. 21. Полагают, что поэма «Беовульф» была написана в VIII веке. 22. Вальтер Скотт считается создателем исторического романа. 23. Сообщают, что экспедиция достигла места назначения. 24. Я случайно знаю номер его телефона. 25. Он оказался хорошим спортсменом. 26. Он, кажется, пишет новую статью: кажется, он работает над ней уже две недели. 27. Я случайно встретил его в Москве. 28. Говорят, что это здание было построено в XVII веке.

Part B (Technical English)

The Complex Subject Noun/pronoun + verb + Infinitive
The Complex Subject is used with: the verbs in the Passive Voice:
to report - сообщать to think - думать to state - устанавливать to announce - объявлять to hear - слышать to understand - понимать e.g. The plane is reported to have landed.	to know - знать to suppose - предполагать to expect - ожидать to con­sider - считать to believe - полагать tо say – говорить Сообщают, что самолет совершил посадку. Как сообщают, самолет совершил посадку.
the word groups: to be likely - вероятно to be unlikely – маловероятно, вряд ли to be certain/to be sure – несомненно, обязательно, бесспорно
the verbs: to seem/to appear - казаться, по-видимому to happen/to chance - случаться to prove/to turn out - оказываться

Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences with “is said (is stated, is …) +Infinitive”:

1. The laboratory is assumed to contain the complicated equipment required to support and perform various experiments.

2. 45,000 international voice channels are said to exist in the world now.

3. Submarine cables are believed to play a very significant role in communication systems.

4. Written language is stated to be an evident transformation of oral (устный) speech.

5. Frequencies above 1,500 kilohertz were found to propagate much farther than it had been expected.

6. Nuclear energy is expected to become the world's main source of power.

7. Alpha rays are thought to be the least penetrating and easily stopped even by an inch of air.

Exercise 2. Translate the following sentences with "to seem”, “to appear”, “to happen, “to prove”+ Infinitive”:

1. At present it seems more practicable to produce heat from nuclear sources than to convert the heat to electricity by thermoelectric units.

2. It is true that many real and significant problems seem too diffi­cult to solve.

3. People happened to have known about the radioactivity long time ago.

4. Computers prove to be very important in computing to an accuracy of three or four significant figures.

5. There seems to be three series of radioactive elements.

6. The memory of the computer appears to be limited in some extent.

7. The reference book proved to have been very essential in the research work.

Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences with “is likely (is certain, is sure…) + Infinitive”.

1. The fault of the device is likely to be caused by noise.

2. The radio network is certain to increase with time.

3. The new installation is sure to attract much attention.

4. The activity of an engineer is likely to extend.

5. This method of switching is sure to be cheaper.

6. Radio is certain to be the most significant means of communication.

7. Much information is likely to come through space.

8. The data is likely to be processed by specialists.

Exercise 4.Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of the Infinitive.

1. The scientists allowed the workers to locate the installation in this area.

2. To locate a relay station one must take into consideration weather and climate conditions.

3. The engineers wanted the workers to fulfill the task as soon as possible.

4. The specialist asked the operator to process the data as soon as possible.

5. The commander ordered his men to string wires over the area.

6. New experiments in building the spaceship are known to be pro­vided by some scientific institutes and research laboratories.

7. The information has been essential enough to understand the faults of the device.

8. The instrument consists of a special system to measure the intensity of solar illumination.

9. The experimentor wanted the missile to be directed properly to the target.

10. The attempts happened to be successful.

11. To transmit messages means to propagate news.

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