- •A) Selection procedures of rw-in-use.
- •2. A) Controller’s actions during coordination.
- •3. A) Data link communications initiation procedures.
- •4. A) Essential aerodrome information.
- •5. A) Functions of Aerodrome Control Towers (general).
- •6. A) Procedures of aerodrome traffic (vehicles) and people control in the maneuvering area.
- •7. A) Reduction in separation minima in the vicinity of aerodrome.
- •8. A) Expected approach time.
- •9. A) Priority on the maneuvering area.
- •10. A) General provisions for the separation of controlled traffic.
- •11. A) Different types of flights.
- •12. A) Landing and roll-out maneuvers.
- •13. A) Procedure of issuing atc clearance for departure and appropriate coordination when issuing such clearance.
- •14. A) Issuance clearance procedure for start up engines.
- •15. A) Issuance clearance procedure for towing.
- •16. A) Issuance clearance procedure for taxiing.
- •17. A) Issuance clearance procedure for taking off.
- •18. A) Issuance clearance procedure for landing.
- •19. A) Approach and obstacle lighting.
- •20. A) Issuance instructions procedure relating to going around again.
- •21. A) Procedure of controller’s actions when directing aircraft to the alternate aerodrome.
- •22. A) rw lighting.
- •23. A) Monitoring of visual aids.
- •24. A) Alerting service provided by aerodrome control Towers.
- •25. A) Information for arriving aircraft.
- •26. A) Minimum separation between departing aircraft.
- •27. A) Separation of departing aircraft from arriving aircraft.
- •29. A) Procedure of canceling flights under vmc conditions.
- •30. A) Procedure of controller’s actions in case there are obstructions on the rw.
A) Selection procedures of rw-in-use.
The runway is an integral part of each airport. There can be one or more runways located at one airport. If there are two or more runways at the airport, they can be used for arriving aircraft and departing aircraft.
The runway-in-use has to be chosen according to the wind direction and speed, runway conditions, weather conditions and so on. In selecting the runway-in-use, however, the unit providing the aerodrome control service shall take into consideration other factors such as the aerodrome traffic circuits, the length of the runway, the approach and landing aids available.
If any emergency situation takes place on board and the pilot (or the flight crew) requests permission to use another runway, the air traffic controller has to give such clearance just in case if circumstances permit.
b) What is an ATC in charge of?
ATC service is an inalienable part of air traffic. It provides the users with complete range of air navigation services. Controllers bear responsibility for providing flights safety during servicing air traffic. They are in charge of:
listening to operational frequency of their sector and keeping radio communication with the traffic
listening to emergency frequency
identification of the traffic
preventing collisions between the aircraft
coordinating planes movements: assigning them speed, heading, flight path, flight conditions in holding pattern etc.
keeping the aircraft safely separated from each other on all phases of the flight, taking into account air space classification, flight rules according to which flight is performed and type of the aircraft
accepting and handover of the aircraft from/to adjacent sector
relaying controller’s instructions, clearances and recommendations to the pilots concerning safety of flights
controlling of pilots’ flight plans following
supplying the crew with meteorological information if they are in need
analyzing, revealing and solving conflict situations with the aim of preventing minimum separation infringement
assisting the crews in emergency situations
Thus, the controllers assume responsibility for the lives of all people who are in the air and in their areas.
2. A) Controller’s actions during coordination.
The air traffic controller doesn’t work alone. He works in a team, so he has to coordinate all his actions.
When the air traffic controller handles an aircraft to another air traffic controller he has to provide him with all necessary information. He has to tell him the position of an aircraft, time over this or that point, flight level, type of the aircraft and other significant information.
The air traffic controller has also to coordinate his actions with the adjacent air traffic controller, with the military sector, meteorological services and emergency services.
b) ATC’s facilities.
Some years ago all control centres in Ukraine were equipped with automated system which substituted a lot of controller’s functions. On these monitors ATC can observe aircraft plot, its call sign, its heading, speed and flight level. It eliminates necessity to keep this information in mind. This system provides controllers with such information as flight plans, delays, flight plans’ conflict, weather conditions at the airports. There are two warning functions of this system: function of prediction which helps controller to maintain necessary separation between the planes and warns ATC in case of infringement of this separation 120 seconds in advance; function of violation which goes off in case of violation of minimum separation.
Thus, state-of-art, advanced and sophisticated equipment which is at controllers disposal is aimed to enhance the safety in the air and on the ground.