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Text law

I. Learn the words to read and translate the text.

1. law [lo:] – закон; правило; принцип; законодательство; право

2. citizen [΄sitizən] - 1) гражданин; гражданка (законный житель какого-л. государства); городской житель

3. to obey [o΄bei] - подчиняться, слушаться, повиноваться (to obey the law / rules — подчиняться закону, правилам)

4. Common Law - общее право (традиционное некодифицированное право Великобритании); неписаный закон, обязательность которого основывается на всеобщем признании; прецедентное право; англосаксонское право

5. Roman Law - римское право

6. Civil Law - гражданское право

7. Canon Law - каноническое, церковное право

8. Martial Law - военное право, военное положение

9. custom - обычай, традиция (в масштабах одного народа, культуры)

10. judge – судья

11. jurisprudence - законоведение, право, правоведение, юриспруденция

12. codify [΄kəudifai] - кодифицировать; приводить законы в систему

13. to deal with - рассматривать, заниматься (напр. проблемой), иметь дело с

14. affair [ə΄fεə] – дело

15. crime [kraim] - преступление; злодеяние, нарушение, правонарушение

16. statute law [΄stættςu:t] - право, выраженное в законах; законы, статутное право, "писаный закон"

17. to establish – устанавливать

18. to maintain - а) поддерживать, сохранять

Law is the whole system of rules that citizens of a country or place must obey.

There are different types of law. They are Common Law, Roman Law (Civil Law), Canon Law, and Martial Law.

Common Law (in England) has developed from old customs and from past decisions made by judges, not created by Parliament.

Roman Law is Civil Law.

Roman Law is another term for Civil Law.

Roman Law is the system of jurisprudence of ancient Rome. The law was codified and formed the basis of many modern legal systems.

Civil Law is any system of law based on the Roman system to distinguish from the Common Law, Canon Law, and International Law.

Civil Law (Roman Law) deals with the affairs of private citizens rather than with crime.

Roman Law (Civil Law) can be called Statute Law. Statute Law is the whole group of written laws.

Canon Law is the laws of Christian Church.

Martial Law is the law established and maintained by the military in the absence of civil law. The army controls an area instead of the police.

II. Read the text once again and decide if the sentences are true (t) or false (f).

1. Law is the rules that citizens must obey.

2. There is a unique type of law.

3. Common Law is a written law.

4. Roman Law and Civil Law are different types of law.

5. Roman Law is a modern legal system.

6. Civil Law is codified.

7. Canon Law is Martial Law.

III. Match each word or phrase in column a with a meaning in column b.

A B

1. law	a) the body of law based on judicial decisions and custom
2. rule	b) an authoritative regulation or direction
3. citizen	c) the system of jurisprudence of ancient Rome, codified, and forms the basis of many modern legal systems
4. obey	d) to carry out instructions or orders
5. Common Law	e) an inhabitant of a city or town
6. Roman Law	f) the rule of law established and maintained by the military in the absence of civil law
7. Canon Law	g) the science or philosophy of law
8. Martial Law	h) any system of law based on the Roman system
9. jurisprudence	i) the law governing the affairs of a Christian Church
10. Civil Law	j) a rule or set of rules

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