- •1.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions:
- •1.2 Make up English-Russian pairs of words equivalent in meaning:
- •1.3 Form nouns by adding suffixes. Read and translate them:
- •1.4 Find synonyms in the list below, arrange them in pairs:
- •1.5. Find antonyms in the list below, arrange them in pairs:
- •1.6 Read the text to find the answers to the following questions:
- •Read passage 3 and speak about your research adviser according to the following plan:
- •Skim the text about the nature of research. Find an appropriate heading for each paragraph.
- •Scan the text and write the number of the paragraph where you can find the following information. Do it as quickly as possible.
- •Find Russian equivalents of the English words used in the text.
- •Look through the text again and find the words which mean the same. The paragraph numbers are given in brackets.
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the use of the word ′research′.
- •2.1 Read the text to find out the information about a scientific conference and its participants Overview of Steps
- •Tips for applying for conference bursaries/sponsored places
- •2.2 Match English words and word-combinations with the corresponding Russian ones:
- •2.3 Arrange in pairs the words which are close in meaning:
- •2.4 Arrange the following words in pairs of antonyms:
- •2.5 Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood:
- •2.6 Translate the sentences below using the given word-combinations
- •2.7 Answer the following questions so that the answers would make a comprehensive account of your participation in the work of some scientific gathering:
- •2.8 Read the text and give Russian equivalents to the underlined words and word -combinations. Find the answers to the following questions:
- •2.9 Study the text below. Give Russian equivalents of the underlined words and word-combinations.
- •2.10 Read the text again and find the answers to the following questions:
- •2.11 Match the English word-combinations with their Russian equivalents:
- •Comprehension check. Answer the following questions:
- •Find Russian equivalents of the English words used in the text.
- •3. Make up English-Russian pairs of the word groups equivalent in meaning.
- •4. In the sentences below recognize the words that are semantically similar and give their Russian equivalents.
- •5. Translate the following free word groups into Russian.
- •Unit 3. Dissertation research and writing
- •3.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions: t hesis
- •Structure
- •Thesis committee
- •3.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions:
- •3.2 Make up English-Russian pairs of words equivalent in meaning:
- •3.3 Match terms in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •3.4 Translate in italics.The following sentences into Russian paying attention to the word
- •3.5 Substitute the words in bold with the synonyms from the text.
- •3.6 Agree or disagree to the following statements:
- •3.7 Work in pairs. Give a detailed account of your University, research and activity. The questions below may guide you in your talk.
- •Dissertation research and writing--- not an easy task
- •The stage of “thinking about” what and how to write in your dissertation
- •Dissertation writing and research proposal guidelines.
- •Use the words in bold type in the sentences of your own.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Unit 4. Choosing a topic for a dissertation
- •4.1 Read different points of view of some scholars on the problem of choosing a dissertation topic h ow does one choose a dissertation topic?
- •4.1 What adjectives would you use in characterizing the position occupied by:
- •4.2 Match a word in column a with its meaning in Column b
- •4.3 Choose the appropriate ending to the beginning of the phrases from the text
- •4. 5 Make up singular-plural pairs
- •4.6 Make up English-Russian pairs of word groups equivalent in meaning
- •4.7 Find three words meaning “в настоящее время”
- •4.8 You will find some quotes by famous people about dissertations. Agree or disagree with them. If these ideas don't mean anything to you now, revisit them after you finish writing a dissertation.
- •How To Write a Dissertation or Bedtime Reading For People Who Do Not Have Time To Sleep
- •What One Should Learn From The Exercise:
- •A Rule Of Thumb:
- •Definitions and Terminology:
- •Terms and Phrases to Avoid:
- •Focus On Results and Not The People/Circumstances
- •In Which They Were Obtained:
- •Avoid Self-Assessment (both praise and criticism):
- •References to Extant Work:
- •Concept vs. Instance:
- •Terminology for Concepts and Abstractions
- •Knowledge vs. Data
- •Cause and Effect:
- •Drawing Only Warranted Conclusions:
- •Politics and Science:
- •Canonical Organization:
- •Key To Success:
- •Insert the words:
- •Turn Interests into Questions
- •Unit 5 computer technologies
- •In doing research
- •5.1 Read the text to find out the information about the role of computers in a scientific research and answer the questions below: role of computers in research
- •The Role of Computer in Conceptual Phase
- •Role of Computers in Design and Planning Phase
- •Role of Computers in Empirical Phase
- •Role of Computers in Data Analysis
- •Pole of Computers in Research Dissemination.
- •5.2 Read the following international words and try to guess their meaning
- •Find pairs of words with the opposite meaning
- •Make the following words negative adding the appropriate prefix: im – ir – un – il – dis – mis – de – re
- •5.9 Read and translate the following words and word combinations
- •5.10 Read and translate the text
- •Internet
- •Look through the text and do the tasks to it
- •2. Translate the following combinations into English and use them in the sentences of your own
- •3. Translate into English
- •4. Speak about:
- •5. Skim through the text and say what it is about
- •Read the text about the international collaboration. Translate the phrases in bold type.
- •Unit 6. Academic article
- •6.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions: abstracts
- •Keywords
- •6.2 Match the following words and word-combinations used for retelling of the article and its summarizing.
- •6.3 Finish up the sentences with the words true to one of your article.
- •6.4 Make a summary of any article you are interested in using the summarizing algorithm
- •6.5 Correspond the Latin/Greek root with its meaning and the appropriate derivative.
- •6.6 Study the following abstracts in Russian and English and compare them.
- •6.7 Translate the phrases recommended for writing abstract.
- •6.8 Translate the following sentences paying attention to the context in which the words in bold used
- •6.9 Read and translate the sentences with numbers
- •6.10 Translate the following phrases
- •Why undertake postgraduate study?
- •I Really Enjoy My Subject
- •I Need It to Pursue My Chosen Career
- •I Don’t Know What to Do – This Will Give Me More Time to Decide
- •Apart from the above reasons you may have some others worth mentioning. Put them down in the order of preference in writing.
- •7.1 Study the examples below for ideas on what to include in a book review. Give the reasons why you think the books might be useful for readers
- •Economic Concepts for the Social Sciences
- •7.2 Read the following sentences and translate them into Russian paying special attention to the underlined parts. Discuss with your fellow-student the books described above.
- •7.3 Speak about the book you are reading (or have recently read). Use the words and word-combinations in your description.
- •7.4 Ask your fellow student the following questions. Work in pairs.
- •7.5 Translate into English
- •7.6 Use the following expressions in your own sentences
- •7.7 Ask your fellow-student the following questions. Work in pairs
- •7.13 Read the book review and be ready to answer the questions that follow
- •7.14 Answer the following questions about the book and review given above
- •7.15 Write a review of a book you would like to recommend to your fellow-students. Bring the book to class for the students to browse through while you talk about it. The points to be covered:
- •7.16 Speak about your own publications. Use the following questions as a guide for your talk.
- •1. Skim the text about critical literature review. Find an appropriate heading for each paragraph.
- •Find Russian equivalents of the English words used in the text.
- •Fill in the blanks in the text using the phrases from the box.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
- •Unit 8 plagiarism
- •Лингвистический аспект
- •8.1 Read the text to find out the information about a very serious and widespread problem of plagiarism. Plagiarism
- •Common forms of student plagiarism
- •Match English words and word-combinations with the corresponding Russian ones:
- •Understand what doesn't need to be cited.
- •8.7 Translate into English.
- •8.8 Choose the right words:
- •8.9 What do the underlined words from the text refer to?
- •8.10 Study the following list of prefixes and then match the terms at the left below with their meanings at the right. You will not use all the meanings listed.
- •Plagiarism Is Not a Big Moral Deal
- •Match the words with their definitions
- •Find the following word-combinations in the text and say I what contexts they were used. Use them in your own sentences.
- •Education-oriented languages
- •Seismic Shift
- •Mathematicians Solve 140-Year-Old Boltzmann Equation
- •Earth sciences
- •Pedagogy: art, science or craft?
- •Have Political Parties Lost Their Power? Yes.
- •Applied psychology
- •Contemporary economic sociology
- •Physical education is key to improving a child's confidence, brainpower and long-term health
- •What does it mean to say somebody is bilingual?
- •The conservation of matter
- •Keynesian analysis. The problem of coordination
- •Methodological considerations in contemporary comparative law
- •Оглавление
- •Введение в экотуризм: успехи первых 25 лет
- •Словарь
- •My research work
Unit 8 plagiarism
Плагиат — умышленное присвоение авторства чужого произведения науки или мыслей или искусства или изобретения. Плагиат может быть нарушением авторско-правового законодательства и патентного законодательства и в качестве таковых может повлечь за собой юридическую ответственность (legal responsibility). С другой стороны, плагиат возможен и в областях, на которые не распространяется действие каких-либо видов интеллектуальной собственности (intellectual property), например, в математике и других фундаментальных научных дисциплинах. Наиболее часто плагиат выражается в публикации под своим именем чужого произведения или чужих идей, а также в заимствовании фрагментов чужих произведений без указания источника заимствования. Обязательным признаком плагиата является присвоение авторства (the attribution of authorship).
В зависимости от вида деятельности и области применения, плагиат (компиляция) условно можно разделить на четыре вида, где каждый имеет свое целевое назначение: Профессиональный – предусматривает присвоение интеллектуальных, творческих, профессиональных достижений (achievements) других в профессиональных целях (цель – авторитет, заработок, награды, признание и тому подобное). Образовательно–научный плагиат – заключается в присвоении чужого интеллектуального имущества исключительно в процессе получения научной степени, образовательной квалификации или признания в этих направлениях. Социальный плагиат – возникают в бытовых отношениях. Нормативный плагиат – присвоение законодательных, юридических, методических, научных, практических наработок. Его разница заключается в том, что он является общим без принадлежности к чему-то или кому-то.
В нынешнем значении слово «плагиат» в европейских языках начало употребляться в XVII веке. В римском праве plagium означало преступную продажу в рабство свободного человека, за что полагалось бичевание (ad plagas). Первоначально кража литературной собственности получила название plagium litterarium. Собственно слово «плагиат» (лат. plagiatus) образовано от лат. plagio («похищаю»).
Понятие плагиата не имеет вполне определённого содержания (content), и в частных случаях не всегда возможно однозначно отделить его от сопредельных понятий: подражания, заимствования, соавторства (co-authorship, joint authorship) и других подобных случаев сходства произведений. Во всяком случае, совпадение отдельных идей не является плагиатом, поскольку любые новые произведения в чём-то основаны на идеях, не принадлежащих автору. Между тем человек, дойдя своим умом до чего-нибудь, часто склонен считать себя «Колумбом» истины и, не желая знать о предшественниках, видит в любом повторении собственных мыслей посягательство на свои права.
На самом деле, объектом плагиата является не идея, а её оформление, внешняя оболочка. Масса литературных произведений, не заключая в себе ничего нового по содержанию, имеет, тем не менее, своеобразную форму, новые оттенки выражения мыслей; лишь присвоение этой, глубоко индивидуальной стороны произведения, может быть названо плагиатом. Поэтому нельзя считать плагиатом ни заимствование фабулы (сюжет заимствован и во многих драмах Шекспира, и в сказках Алексея Николаевича Толстого), ни в пользовании готовыми типами (художественный приём, применённый Щедриным в его Ноздрёве и Молчалине), не говоря уже о новой обработке известных во всемирной литературе характеров (Дон-Жуан, Фауст).