- •1.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions:
- •1.2 Make up English-Russian pairs of words equivalent in meaning:
- •1.3 Form nouns by adding suffixes. Read and translate them:
- •1.4 Find synonyms in the list below, arrange them in pairs:
- •1.5. Find antonyms in the list below, arrange them in pairs:
- •1.6 Read the text to find the answers to the following questions:
- •Read passage 3 and speak about your research adviser according to the following plan:
- •Skim the text about the nature of research. Find an appropriate heading for each paragraph.
- •Scan the text and write the number of the paragraph where you can find the following information. Do it as quickly as possible.
- •Find Russian equivalents of the English words used in the text.
- •Look through the text again and find the words which mean the same. The paragraph numbers are given in brackets.
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the use of the word ′research′.
- •2.1 Read the text to find out the information about a scientific conference and its participants Overview of Steps
- •Tips for applying for conference bursaries/sponsored places
- •2.2 Match English words and word-combinations with the corresponding Russian ones:
- •2.3 Arrange in pairs the words which are close in meaning:
- •2.4 Arrange the following words in pairs of antonyms:
- •2.5 Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood:
- •2.6 Translate the sentences below using the given word-combinations
- •2.7 Answer the following questions so that the answers would make a comprehensive account of your participation in the work of some scientific gathering:
- •2.8 Read the text and give Russian equivalents to the underlined words and word -combinations. Find the answers to the following questions:
- •2.9 Study the text below. Give Russian equivalents of the underlined words and word-combinations.
- •2.10 Read the text again and find the answers to the following questions:
- •2.11 Match the English word-combinations with their Russian equivalents:
- •Comprehension check. Answer the following questions:
- •Find Russian equivalents of the English words used in the text.
- •3. Make up English-Russian pairs of the word groups equivalent in meaning.
- •4. In the sentences below recognize the words that are semantically similar and give their Russian equivalents.
- •5. Translate the following free word groups into Russian.
- •Unit 3. Dissertation research and writing
- •3.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions: t hesis
- •Structure
- •Thesis committee
- •3.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions:
- •3.2 Make up English-Russian pairs of words equivalent in meaning:
- •3.3 Match terms in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •3.4 Translate in italics.The following sentences into Russian paying attention to the word
- •3.5 Substitute the words in bold with the synonyms from the text.
- •3.6 Agree or disagree to the following statements:
- •3.7 Work in pairs. Give a detailed account of your University, research and activity. The questions below may guide you in your talk.
- •Dissertation research and writing--- not an easy task
- •The stage of “thinking about” what and how to write in your dissertation
- •Dissertation writing and research proposal guidelines.
- •Use the words in bold type in the sentences of your own.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Unit 4. Choosing a topic for a dissertation
- •4.1 Read different points of view of some scholars on the problem of choosing a dissertation topic h ow does one choose a dissertation topic?
- •4.1 What adjectives would you use in characterizing the position occupied by:
- •4.2 Match a word in column a with its meaning in Column b
- •4.3 Choose the appropriate ending to the beginning of the phrases from the text
- •4. 5 Make up singular-plural pairs
- •4.6 Make up English-Russian pairs of word groups equivalent in meaning
- •4.7 Find three words meaning “в настоящее время”
- •4.8 You will find some quotes by famous people about dissertations. Agree or disagree with them. If these ideas don't mean anything to you now, revisit them after you finish writing a dissertation.
- •How To Write a Dissertation or Bedtime Reading For People Who Do Not Have Time To Sleep
- •What One Should Learn From The Exercise:
- •A Rule Of Thumb:
- •Definitions and Terminology:
- •Terms and Phrases to Avoid:
- •Focus On Results and Not The People/Circumstances
- •In Which They Were Obtained:
- •Avoid Self-Assessment (both praise and criticism):
- •References to Extant Work:
- •Concept vs. Instance:
- •Terminology for Concepts and Abstractions
- •Knowledge vs. Data
- •Cause and Effect:
- •Drawing Only Warranted Conclusions:
- •Politics and Science:
- •Canonical Organization:
- •Key To Success:
- •Insert the words:
- •Turn Interests into Questions
- •Unit 5 computer technologies
- •In doing research
- •5.1 Read the text to find out the information about the role of computers in a scientific research and answer the questions below: role of computers in research
- •The Role of Computer in Conceptual Phase
- •Role of Computers in Design and Planning Phase
- •Role of Computers in Empirical Phase
- •Role of Computers in Data Analysis
- •Pole of Computers in Research Dissemination.
- •5.2 Read the following international words and try to guess their meaning
- •Find pairs of words with the opposite meaning
- •Make the following words negative adding the appropriate prefix: im – ir – un – il – dis – mis – de – re
- •5.9 Read and translate the following words and word combinations
- •5.10 Read and translate the text
- •Internet
- •Look through the text and do the tasks to it
- •2. Translate the following combinations into English and use them in the sentences of your own
- •3. Translate into English
- •4. Speak about:
- •5. Skim through the text and say what it is about
- •Read the text about the international collaboration. Translate the phrases in bold type.
- •Unit 6. Academic article
- •6.1 Study the text below and answer the following questions: abstracts
- •Keywords
- •6.2 Match the following words and word-combinations used for retelling of the article and its summarizing.
- •6.3 Finish up the sentences with the words true to one of your article.
- •6.4 Make a summary of any article you are interested in using the summarizing algorithm
- •6.5 Correspond the Latin/Greek root with its meaning and the appropriate derivative.
- •6.6 Study the following abstracts in Russian and English and compare them.
- •6.7 Translate the phrases recommended for writing abstract.
- •6.8 Translate the following sentences paying attention to the context in which the words in bold used
- •6.9 Read and translate the sentences with numbers
- •6.10 Translate the following phrases
- •Why undertake postgraduate study?
- •I Really Enjoy My Subject
- •I Need It to Pursue My Chosen Career
- •I Don’t Know What to Do – This Will Give Me More Time to Decide
- •Apart from the above reasons you may have some others worth mentioning. Put them down in the order of preference in writing.
- •7.1 Study the examples below for ideas on what to include in a book review. Give the reasons why you think the books might be useful for readers
- •Economic Concepts for the Social Sciences
- •7.2 Read the following sentences and translate them into Russian paying special attention to the underlined parts. Discuss with your fellow-student the books described above.
- •7.3 Speak about the book you are reading (or have recently read). Use the words and word-combinations in your description.
- •7.4 Ask your fellow student the following questions. Work in pairs.
- •7.5 Translate into English
- •7.6 Use the following expressions in your own sentences
- •7.7 Ask your fellow-student the following questions. Work in pairs
- •7.13 Read the book review and be ready to answer the questions that follow
- •7.14 Answer the following questions about the book and review given above
- •7.15 Write a review of a book you would like to recommend to your fellow-students. Bring the book to class for the students to browse through while you talk about it. The points to be covered:
- •7.16 Speak about your own publications. Use the following questions as a guide for your talk.
- •1. Skim the text about critical literature review. Find an appropriate heading for each paragraph.
- •Find Russian equivalents of the English words used in the text.
- •Fill in the blanks in the text using the phrases from the box.
- •Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
- •Unit 8 plagiarism
- •Лингвистический аспект
- •8.1 Read the text to find out the information about a very serious and widespread problem of plagiarism. Plagiarism
- •Common forms of student plagiarism
- •Match English words and word-combinations with the corresponding Russian ones:
- •Understand what doesn't need to be cited.
- •8.7 Translate into English.
- •8.8 Choose the right words:
- •8.9 What do the underlined words from the text refer to?
- •8.10 Study the following list of prefixes and then match the terms at the left below with their meanings at the right. You will not use all the meanings listed.
- •Plagiarism Is Not a Big Moral Deal
- •Match the words with their definitions
- •Find the following word-combinations in the text and say I what contexts they were used. Use them in your own sentences.
- •Education-oriented languages
- •Seismic Shift
- •Mathematicians Solve 140-Year-Old Boltzmann Equation
- •Earth sciences
- •Pedagogy: art, science or craft?
- •Have Political Parties Lost Their Power? Yes.
- •Applied psychology
- •Contemporary economic sociology
- •Physical education is key to improving a child's confidence, brainpower and long-term health
- •What does it mean to say somebody is bilingual?
- •The conservation of matter
- •Keynesian analysis. The problem of coordination
- •Methodological considerations in contemporary comparative law
- •Оглавление
- •Введение в экотуризм: успехи первых 25 лет
- •Словарь
- •My research work
Give adequate Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
Background– общий элемент смысла: предшествование в пространстве или во времени. Частотные русские эквиваленты: фон, задний план; образование, квалификация, биографические данные и т.д.
1. This vacancy can be filled only by a scientist with outstanding record and background. 2. This text deals with the methods of geological science, their historical background and development. 3. People of all backgrounds and all ages all over the world need peace. 4. What is the background of the problem!5. Much depends on the personal interest of the student, and on his linguistic and cultural background.
Case— общий элемент смысла совокупность конкретных условий или обстоятельств, характеризующих ситуацию. Частотные русские эквиваленты: случай положение дел; доводы, доказательства, аргументы и т.д.
1. In any case the results of the experiment will be of great value. 2. If this is really the case, a true scientific breakthrough of major importance must be anticipated in the next decade. 3. He presented a strong case against a proposed solution. 4. Research workers in need of funds could apply for grants if they could make out a convincing case. 5. He stated his case so well that the committee supported the project. 6. I believe a case exists for revision of the hypothesis.
Develop, development(s)— общий элемент смысла развитие во времени, развитие как изменение, зарождение и развитие. Частотные русские эквиваленты: to develop–развивать(ся), разрабатывать, излагать, раскрывать, проявляться, development–развитие разработка, изложение, результат развития и т.д.
1. Plants develop from seeds. 2. The hypothesis gradually developed in the scientist's mind. 3. No positive evidence has been developed to support the theory. 4. The solution of the energy problem depends on developing alternative sources of energy. 5. Independent study is one of the best habits that a scientist can develop. 6. Since World War II much has been done to develop national economies of some developing countries of Asia and Africa. 7. The plasma is forced to behave as a continuum, no instabilities developing. 8. Suddenly a development occurred which prevented research in this area for some time. 9. This paper deals with recent developments in theoretical physics. 10. The development of photographic films requires a dark room.
Facilitate, facility (usuallyplural) — общий элемент смысла наилучшие условия, возможности для осуществления чего-либо. Частотные русские эквиваленты: to facilitate–облегчать, способствовать и т.д. facilities-возможность, удобства, средства, оборудование, устройства и т.д.
1. The new equipment will facilitate the experiment.2. After the student acquires considerable facility in understanding and speaking, he learns to read and write. 3. Novosibirsk is an industrial center offering its inhabitants many urban advantages, educational facilities and cultural opportunities. 4. We are planning the directions and the scope of research and the provision of experimental facilities. 5. To carry out this task we need large engineering facilities. 6. To complete the project we need adequate facilities for research.
Imply, implication(s), implicit— общий элемент смысла: невысказанное словами, но логически вытекающее из чего-либо. Частотные русские эквиваленты: to imply–подразумевать, означать, иметь ввиду; implication –скрытый смысл, значение; что-то вытекает из чего либо и т.д.; implicit–подразумеваемый не выраженный прямо и т.д.
1. The book does not claim to give more than the name implies. 2. People are always talking about fundamental research, implying the existence of a nameless opposite. 3. Recent observations of various astronomical objects together with their theoretical implications were discussed' at the conference. 4. The cutting of sentences into the subject and predicate groups was implicit in traditional grammar analysis. 5. Dirac's theory implied that there should be the same number of anti-particles as particles in the universe. 6. The speaker implies (sends out information) and the listener infers (receives information from the implication). 7.What are the implications of this statement?
Involve— общий элемент смысла: включение в деятельность, движение или объем. Частотные русские эквиваленты: to involve–включать в себя; влечь за собой, вызывать; вовлекать запутывать осложнять и т.д. to be involve–быть включенным, вовлеченным, участвующим, сложными т.д.
1. The first industrial revolution involved the replacement of human and animal muscle power by the power of machines. 2. A technical project often starts as a simple practical activity involving only a few scientists or engineers. 3. This institute is involved in a research project on laser techniques. 4. The activities involved in various, space programs have created a revolution in scientific research. 6. The solution of the equations involved is reduced to a sequence of basic arithmetical operations.
Matter— общий элемент смысла: нечто материальное, ощутимое, существенное; то, что имеет значение. Частотные русские эквиваленты: matter–материя, вещество; материал (статьи, книги и т.п.) сущность, предмет; дело, вопрос и т.д.; to matter–иметь значение.
1. Chemistry deals with changes in the composition of matter, physics is concerned with changes in the location or size of matter. 2. Animal and human organisms fight off infections and other invasions by foreign matter. 3. The subject matter of the lecture was the influence of the climate on the development of a nation. 4. This collection of stories provides an interesting reading matter. 5. It is no easy matter to describe this phenomenon in detail. 6. His taking part in the discussion made the matters worse. 7. The answer to this question, however, will hardly matter under present conditions.