11.

1. А) Прочитайте текст вслух. Б) Переведите текст. В) Сделайте письменно грамматический анализ. Г) Составьте 10 вопросов к тексту. Д) Перескажите текст. English-speaking countries

There are over 300 million people in the world speaking English. English is used as an official language (along with a few others) in many international organisations, such as UN and IOC. This language is recognized as the state language in a lot of countries all over the world.

Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. There are 64 million people in Great Britain whose first language is English (97% of population). London, the capital of Great Britain, is one of the leading global cities. It is the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. Great Britain has always been a Great Power and contributed a lot to the development of new territories.

The USA

The history of the USA started with 13 British colonies set along the Atlantic coast. On July, 4, 1776 they proclaimed their independence from Great Britain. Today the country consists of 50 states and the federal District of Columbia, where Washington, the capital of the USA, is located. It is one of the most developed countries in the world, with English being the first language for about 80% of its population.

Canada

The first European colonists came to this country from France. But after that for many years Canada was under British rule until the country gained its independence in the XX century. There are two official languages in Canada. English is the first language for nearly 70% of Canadians. Canada is the second largest country in the world with rich oil, coal and natural gas fields.

2. Переведите текст письменно. Выскажите своё мнение по теме Моя любимая комната

У нас есть четыре комнаты в доме. Моя любимая комната - кабинет, который является самой большой комнатой в доме.

Он полон удивительных вещей: книг, картин, коллекций монет, видео и компьютер. В кабинете есть очень старый письменный стол. Мой прадед купил его в начале века, когда он был ещё студентом. Он очень старый, прочный и комфортный.

В углу комнаты - диван, а рядом красивый старый торшер, который находится на ковре. Я чищу ковер пылесосом очень часто. У окна - фортепиано. Ночью, когда стемнеет, я люблю выключить свет, включить торшер и играть на пианино. При свете торшера кабинет выглядит сказочной страной. Я часто сижу в старом кресле и мечтаю о приятных вещах. Я очень люблю эту комнату.

Но мой брат любит нашу гостинную. У него там очень хорошая стереосистема. Он влючает свою музыку очень громко. Эта комната не очень уютная. Здесь есть камин, но, тем не менее, тут немного холодной зимой. Есть также кресло, диван и несколько полок с компакт-дисками и кассетами на них. Мой брат проводит много времени в этой комнате.

12.

1. А) Прочитайте текст вслух. Б) Переведите текст. В) Сделайте письменно грамматический анализ. Г) Составьте 10 вопросов к тексту. Д) Перескажите текст. Environmental Problems

 Our environment is constantly changing. This is the fact we cannot deny. The way technological progress influences the environment is not the most favourable.

Today humanity is facing numerous environmental problems. If we do not pay attention to these problems right now, we may face even bigger natural disasters in the future.

Pollution

Pollution is one of the biggest problems. Plants and motor vehicles are number one pollutants. Their harmful emissions pollute the environment. Oil spills and acid rains make the World Ocean dirty.

Global warming

Global warming is the result of human activity. It is characterized by rising temperatures of the oceans and earth’s surface causing rise in sea levels and melting of polar ice cover. Apart from that, floods, desertification and excessive snow are also signs of global warming.

Climate change

Global warming causes the rise of another serious problem, known as climate change. Climate change can lead to the development of other harmful effects in our life, such as occurrence of new diseases and change in seasons.

Deforestation

Today forests cover about 30% of land. Every year this figure decreases more and more. People clear out new territories for residential buildings, new plants and factories. We must realize that deforestation causes the extinction of animals and plants.

Ozone layer depletion

Ozone layer protects our planet from the sun’s harmful rays. Due to atmospheric emissions of the so-called CFC’s, the ozone layer depletes. This results in occurrence of the holes in the ozone layer.

Today CFC’s are banned in many industries. However, we must remember that if this problem is not taken under control, harmful rays of the sun will easily penetrate the atmosphere. The biggest hole in the ozone layer is located above the Antarctic.