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  1. Describe the basic principles of writing a scientific article.

Beginning Steps to Writing an article.

First, figure out your article's working title. Jot down a few different titles, and eventually, you'll find that one that will grow on you. Titles help you to focus your writing on your topic; they guide you in anticipating and answering your reader's queries. Many non-fiction books also have subtitles.

What is Your Thesis?

Next, write out a thesis statement. Your thesis is a sentence or two stating exactly what problem you are addressing and how your article will solve that problem. All paragraphs spring forth from your thesis statement. Once you've got your thesis statement fine-tuned, you've built your foundation. This foundation is what will help keep you on track.

Once you have your thesis, before you start to write, make sure there is a good reason for writing your artilce. Ask yourself some questions.

Does your article present useful information and is that information currently relevant?

Will your article positively affect the lives of your readers?

Is your article dynamic and will it keep the reader's attention?

Does you article answer questions that are meaningful and significant?

Next, make a list of the reasons you are writing your article.

Do you want to promote your business?

Do you want to bring quality traffic to your website?

Do you want to enhance your reputation?

Then write down your goals in terms of publishing.

The more you know upfront, the easier the actual writing will be.

Write with a casual, conversational tone rather than a formal tone such as textbook diction. Reader's respond to the feeling that you are having a conversation with them. Break up the length and structure of your sentences so you don't bore your readers to sleep. Sentences that are all the same length and structure tend to keep your readers more alert.

Make use of lists, both bulleted and numbered. This makes your information easy to absorb, and gives the reader a mental break from dissecting your paragraphs one after the other.

Finally, decide on an easy-to-read design. Find a font that's easy on the eyes, and stick to that font family.

These are the basic guidelines to writing an article. You can use these same basic principles to writing a book, newsletter, blog or any other type or writing. Once you get started you will find that writing will become easier as time goes on. Before you know it you will have enough articles on your topic to put a book together.

  1. Methods of collection and analysis of information sources for writing a research paper.

Validate findings using quantitative and qualitative data sources. Evaluators can use a convergent design to compare findings from qualitative and quantitative data sources. It involves collecting both types of data at roughly the same time; assessing information using parallel constructs for both types of data; separately analyzing both types of data; and comparing results through procedures such as a side-by-side comparison in a discussion, transforming the qualitative data set into quantitative scores, or jointly displaying both forms of data.

Use qualitative data to explore quantitative findings. This explanatory sequential design typically involves two phases: (1) an initial quantitative instrument phase, followed by (2) a qualitative data collection phase, in which the qualitative phase builds directly on the results from the quantitative phase. In this way, the quantitative results are explained in more detail through the qualitative data.

Develop survey instruments. Yet another mixed methods study design could support the development of appropriate quantitative instruments that provide accurate measures within a PCMH context. This exploratory sequential design involves first collecting qualitative exploratory data, analyzing the information, and using the findings to develop a psychometric instrument well adapted to the sample under study. This instrument is then, in turn, administered to a sample of a population.

Use qualitative data to augment a quantitative outcomes study. An outcomes study, for example a randomized, controlled trial, with qualitative data collection and analysis added, is called an embedded design. Within this type of an outcomes study, the researcher collects and analyzes both quantitative and qualitative data.

Involve community-based stakeholders. A community-based participatory approach is an example of a multiphase design. This advanced mixed methods approach involves community participants in many quantitative and qualitative phases of research to bring about change (Mertens, 2009). The multiple phases all address a common objective of assessing and refining PCMH models. This design would involve primary care providers and staff, patients, and other providers and individuals in the community in the research process. Key stakeholders participate as co-researchers in a project, providing input about their needs, ways to address them, and ways to implement changes.

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