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27. Essay”Formulation of the problem in the writing of scientific work”

On average, the logic must be built in the following order: 1. Nomination of a working hypothesis, the definition of the object, the subject, objectives and work tasks. 2. Analysis of the theory in order to collect opinions for and against the hypothesis. The hypothesis must be theoretically justified. 3. On the basis of theory analysis, completion of a working hypothesis and splitting it on empirical investigation (empirical hypothesis). As a result, the list of particular hypotheses, verification of which would lead to the proof or disproof of the hypothesis. 4. Study to test empirical hypotheses. 5. Conclusion on the basis of empirical testing of hypotheses. The work concludes with a full or partial confirmation or refutation of a working hypothesis. "Introduction" Should be written first. This does not mean that it will remain the same, but there are basic elements of administration, which must be determined with the supervisor and the "news" of the future scientist to success. These elements (components of scientific apparatus): 1. Relevance. The answer to the question why the chosen theme is so important for the study, for it refers to other authors and express their point of view. The relevant part of the problem of work - scientific controversy that is solved by testing the hypothesis. 2. Object. The total scope of the study. 3. Subject. What specifically investigated. 4. Hypothesis. A reasonable scientific hypothesis, which is tested in this study. 5. Aim. The idea of ​​the desired result of the work. 6. Tasks. Specific steps to achieve the goal.

28. Essay”Describe the main challenges in the writing of the thesis”

Problems in the work on the manuscript of the thesis. The main problems in writing of the thesis are as follows:

  • title of the thesis topics are so broad and vague that does not allow post-graduate (doctoral) to articulate the results of scientific research;

  • too generic title of the topic, which lost the final result of the thesis;

  • terms in the thesis title is rarely used hereinafter thesis or the abstract or non-existent hereinafter;

  • setting a goal of the research is too unspecific, which does not allow in the future to quantify the extent of achieving it;

  • narrowing of the scientific aspects of the research to private solutions, especially applications;

  • overestimation of the dignity of work, an empty declaration of high theoretical significance against the background of the lack of scientific ideas put forward and open new scientific evidence;

  • applicant (post-graduate, doctoral) evaluates the degree of novelty and validity of the findings in the thesis without sufficient evidence;

  • poorly substantiated theoretical significance of the results and the fact that their influence on scientific concepts in the study area;

  • no comparative analysis of the proposed new solutions to the existing ones;

  • poorly substantiated the practical significance of the results - the presence of actual quantitative or qualitative changes that have occurred or might occur as a result of the introduction;

  • not shown signs of practical relevance: the extent of implementation of the results, the demand for these solutions, the boundaries of the application of the results, etc .;

  • the low level of compliance of work performed in the existing traditions of science, scientific schools and approaches

  • low ownership of basic statistical research methods.

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