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16. Express encouragement and empathy for the following.

1. We won’t manage it. 2. Things look bad to me. 3. The trouble is that I spoilt everything myself. 4. I haven’t heard from George since March. I’m so worried. 5. The trouble is that he finds fault with everybody.

17. Study the use of unreal conditions (Type 2).

Unreal conditions (Type 2) express so-called real-unreal or completely unreal assumptions. Here we can speak about events related to current situation or to the future one. These sentences correspond to Russian sentences in Subjunctive mood with a particle бы.

Would/could + Simple Infinitive are used in the main clause; the Past Simple is used in the subordinate clause. (to be is used as were for the subject both in singular and plural)

If the system of management were effective, they would adopt it.

Если бы система управления была эффективной (сейчас), то они бы приняли ее.

If we applied new equipment, we would decrease the production costs.

Если бы мы использовали новое оборудование (сейчас), то мы бы снизили себестоимость.

If I were you… ( Я бы на твоем месте…) is rather characteristic for second conditionals.

18. Open the brackets. Use the forms of second type conditionals.

1. If we…(reduce) costs, we’d make more profit. 2. We…(have) the money to expand if sales increased by 20 per cent. 3. If I…(be) younger, I would choose another career. 4. …you..(be) interested if we included servicing in the price? 5. If I…(have) time, I would go to the tennis court more often. 6. If our overheads …(not be) so high, we could invest more.

19. Use given sentences to make up second type conditionals according to the pattern.

Образец: She is so beautiful. That’s why I like her.

If she were not so beautiful, I wouldn’t like her.

  1. He is paid well. So he can buy his wife expensive clothes.

  2. I am very ill. So I can’t go out .

  3. He works badly. Therefore he is paid little.

  4. He comes to his work late every day. That’s why his boss is so annoyed.

  5. I don’t speak Spanish. well enough to work in South America.

  6. We haven’t got any money so we can’t go to the restaurant.

20. Open the brackets. Use the forms of first and second type conditionals.

1. If you…(help) me with this task, I’ll do the same for you one day. 2. Could we save money if we …(close) down some outlets? 3. According to the timetable, if the train…(leave) on time, we will arrive at 5.30. 4. If we had more people, we…(be) able to work faster. 5. We…(lose) sales if we don’t reduce prices. 6. I don’t like this flat. I think I would be happier if I…(live) in a house in the country. 7. If I phone you tonight,… you…(be) in? 8. Let me give you some advice. If you smoked less, you…(not feel) so bad. 9. If you …(criticize) people, you will kill their creativity.

10. We have a suggestion to make. How would you feel if we …(offer) you the job of assistant manager?

21. Read and listen to the following poem. Pay attention to the use of second type conditionals here.

Scramble

by Jack Prelutsky

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