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УДК 72.01
студент Горбачева А.И.
Сибирская государственная автомобильно-дорожная академия (СибАДИ), Омск
Abstract. Some Omsk objects of architecture, sculpture and painting are described in the article. The results of architecture students’ interview concerning their cultural knowledge of the native city are presented.
Аннотация. В статье представлен обзор некоторых объектов архитектуры, скульптуры и живописи города Омска. Приведены результаты опроса студентов архитектурных направлений, связанного со знаниями культуры родного города.
Key words: objects of architecture, architecture students, art.
Ключевые слова: объекты архитектуры, студенты-архитекторы, искусство.
OMSK ART
Omsk stands out among the other cities for its rich architecture. The city has a lot of historical and cultural monuments. Omsk streets, institutions are decorated with different pictures and graffiti. Many people even don't notice all this beauty.
Sometimes it is possible to say more by art than by words. We live by art. Everything around us is art. Art is the expression of human thought in the artistic image. Everybody follows any particular view, thereby expresses his inner world and shows its special qualities [4].
Every kind of art has its own special importance which provides a diversity of artistic relationship to reality. We tried to find and describe the most interesting and picturesque places in Omsk.
Painting
This is a kind of art which is connected with transmission of visual images, applying inks to solid and flexible surface. People show their imagination with a composition, colour, light and shadow games, memorializing it on the canvas [3]
We found a few places in Omsk where people express themselves through painting. These places are stairs in the park "Green Island" (Pic. 1), the picture in the coffee shop "Skuratov" (Pic. 2) and paintings on the walls of the Theatre for Young Spectators (Pic. 3).
People decided to transform simple stairs into piece of art to make them much brighter. While opening the coffee shop in the Sport and Concert Complex (SCC) named after Victor Blinov, the owner decided to do something creative and decorated his coffee shop. An amazing and talented girl was drawing a picture while the ceremony of opening the SCC and the end of day the creation was depicted.
As part of the festival, artists painted the canvas in front of the right-hand wall of the Theatre for Young Spectators. The participants of the festival were offered to come up with the characters that, in their opinion, would look organically on the walls of the theatre.
Street festival is a mini-project of laboratory "City by your hands". "Gazpromneft" allocated 65 thousand rubles to hold the event
[6]
Pic. 1
Pic. 2
Pic. 3
Architecture
It is one of the most important parts of art. Architects have to be able to calculate to trifles, to design and build constructions.
History of Omsk begins with construction of the only fortress in 1716. Tarsky gate were constructed in 1792 on the northern serf line. It was the main entrance in the Steppe bastion of fortress. The road passing through Tarsky gate led to the prison in which the convicts served their punishment. Among of them there was the Russian writer Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky. In 1959 the historical city monument of Omsk was ruined. And only in 1991 it was accepted to begin restoration of Tarsky gate. Today Tarsky gates are located in the downtown of Omsk (Pic. 4) [7].
Pic. 4
Omsk is allocated the considerable number of architectural buildings and constructions. The Drama Theater (Pic. 5) was built in the best traditions of the Russian theatrical construction. The building is a striking example of the eclectic plasticity dominating during that period. In ten years the building was topped by "the Winged Genius".
Pic. 5
On the bank of the river Irtysh the picturesque mansion which belonged to the famous Omsk merchant Batyushkov is located (Pic. 6). The building was built in 1901 by request of the merchant. During the Civil war there was a residence of the famous admiral Kolchak there. For this reason the second name of the monument is Kolchak’s House. After that, Kolchak proclaimed Omsk the capital of Russia. In spite of the fact that after a while Omsk was taken by the Red Army, it remained in the history as one of the Russian capitals. In the summer of 1919 Kolchak’s residence was strongly destroyed. The building was reconstructed later. Today the monument represents one of the most beautiful and refined buildings of the city [2, 5].
Pic. 6
Sculpture
The sculpture is a very delicate and laborious work. The sculptor has to have the gift and feeling of vision, to calculate everything to trifles and not to make mistakes.
Streets of Omsk are full of sculptural monuments that are so unusual and blowing the mind that it is possible to call this city storage of a modern Russian city sculpture. Along with non-standard monuments, there are a lot of traditional historical and modern monuments here.
The sculpture "A municipal crucian" (Pic. 7) is located on Chapayev Street. A metal fish, on the back which houses with antennas, ladders, the whole city.
Pic. 7
Another known city sculpture of Omsk - "Lyubasha" (Pic. 8). This is a sculptural image of an unfortunate young woman, a wife of one of Omsk governors of the 19th century who got sick with a consumption and died very young.
Pic. 8
An unusual sculpture of Don Kikhot is located before Omsk Theatre for Young Spectators (Pic. 9). The rushing horse and the equestrian. This metal sculpture is a business card of the city.
Pic. 9
On a fire lookout tower the sculpture of the fireman "watching" the city safety is located (Pic. 10).
Pic. 10
The most known monument of Omsk is the sculpture of "Stepanych" (Pic. 11) representing an image of a mechanic in a street manhole. In holidays citizens "treat" him with a vodka glass. Many superstitions and marry habits are connected with the sculpture. If to embrace Stepanych stronger, problems with bathroom equipment will avoid the house.
Pic. 11
The most mysterious and unusual sculpture of the city is called "The children feeding penguins" (Pic. 12) which is located in the central street of Omsk. It’s Nobody can explain its essence and relation to Omsk.
Pic. 12
The monument to the policeman in one of central city streets represents an image of the Guardians of the order (Pic. 13). Inhabitants don’t bypass this monument by side.
Pic.13
While reading about all these paintings and sculptures we decided to conduct a poll among the students of SibADI to know how well they know the places. The results are shown below (Pic. 14):
Pic. 14
As you can see, 60% of students know only the names of these places. 5% know nothing and only 15% know the names and history of some structures. So, the most part of the students we asked do (and all of them were the students of the Civil Engineering faculty) not know the history of these famous sculptures and structures. We think it can be explained by fast changes of preferences. So, we think that some measures can improve the situation and might be interesting for students. For example:
1) to include the material about the sights in the curriculum;
2) to carry out some excursions around the important Omsk places, organized by special organizations;
3) to organize various literary exhibitions connected with the sights.
To tell more, the students who are going to become architects seem to be creative and be able to draw and express their thoughts and make some sketches in any place. Therefore, we think they need to have a mini-album with them. Unfortunately, less than a half (33 persons) do have it but most part (47 people) do not. We believe there is something to think about. Some don’t want or can’t express thoughts on paper. This is not good.
In conclusion we would like to cite Rokuell Kent: “The prime target of art is to help people understand and love their life more deeply.” [1].