Вариант III

ЗАДАНИЕ 1

Напишите начальную форму слов с учетом орфографических изменений:

1) writing; 2) applies; 3) simpler; 4) produced; 5) getting.

ЗАДАНИЕ 2

Переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания:

1. Common data input device

1. Flow rate

2. Crystal amplifier

1. Computer manufacture

1. Television studio equipment

ЗАДАНИЕ 3

Определите залог и видовременную форму сказуемого. Переведите предложения письменно.

1. For this type of measurements Numerous methods had been used before the most efficient method was developed.

1. When Newton started writing his great «Principia», he was collecting and establishing proofs, theorems, and equations for more than two years.

3. The relationship between the computers and the people who use them has been given much attention to.

ЗАДАНИЕ 4

Сравните предложения. Обратите внимание на залоги Active и Passive. Письменно переведите предложения с учетом видовременных форм глагола.

1. Не knows this method and uses it in his research.

2. Scientists have developed a number of theories on the structure of matter.

3. The lecturer was illustrating the measurements of gas pressure.

4. This method is well known and is being widely used.

1. Many secrets of nature have been discovered in the 20th century.

1. The measurements of gas pressure were being illustrated by a computer.

ЗАДАНИЕ 5

Выпишите предложения в страдательном залоге. Переведите их письменно.

1. Almost all chemical elements found on Earth have been discovered on the Sun and the planets of the Solar system.

1. Magnetic confinement devices are being studied in several configurations.

1. These machines are replacing the old equipment in the shop.

1. The video-telephone became a new convenient type of communication system.

ЗАДАНИЕ 6

Выпишите предложения в действительном залоге. Переведите их письменно.

1. Computer operators consider the origin of input information.

1. Computers don't know feelings or instincts.

1. The operation of semiconductor devices is greatly affected by temperature.

1. The production plans were exactly fulfilled.

ЗАДАНИЕ 7

Прочтите текст и переведите устно 1-й, 2-й абзацы, письменно - 3-й, 4-й абзацы.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS

1. The first computers applied thousands of separate electrical components connected together with wires. In the late 1940s, computers were made using vacuum tubes, resistors, and diodes. These computers were called first generation computers.

1. In 1956, transistors were invented. Transistors are made from materials called semiconductors. Computers using transistors were called second generation computers. Second generation computers were smaller than first generation computers. Second generation computers needed less power. Both first and second generation computers were very expensive.

3. Computer components, such as transistors, diodes, resistors, can now be made of different shapes from semiconductor materials. Nowadays, complete circuits can be made from a single piece of semiconductor, called a chip. Such circuits are called integrated circuits (IС). Computers using integrated circuits were first produced in the 1960s. They became known as third generation computers. Their integrated circuits had about 200 components on a single chip. Today, we can produce a great deal of components on a single chip. A chip can be as small as 0,5-cm square.

4. With the invention of chips, computer manufacture has become much simpler. The manufacturer does not connect thousands of components together. Most of the connections are 50 made inside the chip. It is even possible to build a complete processor in a single chip. A processor on a single chip is called a microprocessor.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8

Ответьте письменно на вопросы по тексту, учитывая типы вопросов.

1. Computers using transistors were called first generation computers, weren't they?

1. Is it possible to build a complete processor in a single chip?

1. Were the computers of the 1960s called second or third generation computers?

1. What kinds of computers were called first generation computers?