- •Types of engines практикум
- •Передмова
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 the creation of steam engines
- •2. Discuss the following questions with a partner.
- •3. Read the text and find the expressions which mean:
- •The creation of steam engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about the steam engine history and choose the correct word.
- •Listen to the text about the Steam Engine invention and tell your group mates what inventors are mentioned in the text.
- •Think of the endings of these sentences, then listen and check.
- •13. Discuss in pairs the meaning of the following phrases in relation to the information from the text:
- •Unit 2 steam engines: developments of the industrial revolution
- •Think of as many words as possible related to the topic “Development of steam engines”. How important were steam engines in the industrial revolution?
- •Study the diagram of James Watt’s pumping engine. How did the separate condenser which he had added to the earlier design make the steam engine more effective?
- •3. Read the text and decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Steam engines: developments of the industrial revolution
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about steam locomotives and traction engines and open the brackets.
- •11. Listen to the text about Watt Engine and compare it with the information from the text. What new facts have you known?
- •12. Define true and false sentences. Then listen and check.
- •13. Explain while answering the questions. Why:
- •Work in pairs. Discuss and list some problems early steam engines might have caused. Make your problem list and share it with your group. Support your ideas. Use the following phrases.
- •Translate the following passage about Thomas Savery’s and Denis Papin’s steam machines from Ukrainian into English.
- •Unit 3 modern high-pressure steam engines
- •Where are steam engines used today? Why is their use restricted mainly by atomic power plants and thermo-electric power stations?
- •3. Read the text and match the sentences (a-c) to the numbered spaces (1-3) in the text.
- •Modern high-pressure steam engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about the components of steam engines and choose the correct word.
- •11. Listen to the text and chose the statement which was not mentioned in the text:
- •12. Listen to the text and insert the missing words.
- •13. Comment on the following statements if you agree or disagree:
- •Webquest. Search the Web for the information on steam cars or steam locomotives in modern times. Write a review (200-250 words) about these technologies. Consider the following points:
- •Translate the following passage about the first compound steam engine built by the British engineer and inventor Arthur Woolf from Ukrainian into English.
- •Internal-combustion engines
- •1. Work with a partner to discuss the following.
- •3. Read the text and match the questions (a-e) to the paragraphs (1-5).
- •Internal-combustion engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about internal combustion engine and choose the correct word.
- •11. Listen to the text and tell your groupmates what type of engine it is about.
- •12. Listen once more and choose the right word.
- •13. Comment on the following points:
- •Translate the following passage about internal combustion engine from Ukrainian into English.
- •Look at the diagram and try to explain how the open-cycle constant-pressure gas-turbine engine works.
- •Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about gas turbine and open the brackets.
- •11. Listen to the text about the turbine and tell what the text is about:
- •12. Listen to the text once more and insert the necessary word.
- •13. Answer the questions.
- •14. Work in groups a, b, c, and d. Each group will read the information on the different types of a gas turbine engine. Listen and complete the chart about these engine, then compare them.
- •Work in a group. Read the text and discuss the difference between the turbo engine and reciprocating engine. See Appendix a (p. 99). Discuss:
- •You are going to take a part at a scientific conference. You have to make a report (200-250 words) about modern gas turbine engine. Your report should include the following points:
- •Webquest. Find the information about the modern gas turbine application in different areas: industry, transportation, energy supplement, space exploration etc.
- •Translate the following passage about gas turbine from Ukrainian into English:
- •Communication activities unit 1
- •Time line of steam engine invention.
- •Text 1 Steam Power and the Industrial Revolution: 1760-1840
- •Text 2 Modern Steam
- •Internal combustion engine invention impact
- •Suggested Solutions
- •Advantages of gas turbine engines
- •Disadvantages of gas turbine engines
- •Audioscripts unit 1 The Steam Engine
- •Unit 2 The Watt engine.
- •Unit 3 Modern steam engines
- •Unit 4 Diesel Engine
- •Unit 5 Avery’s Turbine
- •References
11. Listen to the text about Watt Engine and compare it with the information from the text. What new facts have you known?
12. Define true and false sentences. Then listen and check.
While repairing a model Newcomen steam engine in 1764 Watt was impressed by its waste of steam.
Watt suddenly came upon a solution – the separate boiler.
Watt and Boulton in 1775 began a partnership that lasted 55 years.
In 1776 two engines were installed, one for pumping water in a Staffordshire colliery, the other for blowing air.
Watt invented a rotary motion for the steam engine to replace the reciprocating action of the original.
Watt patented the double-acting engine, in which the valve pushed as well as pulled.
The engine required a new method of rigidly connecting the piston to the beam.
Sun-and-planet gear produced two revolutions for each cycle of the engine.
Watt invented the parallel motion — an arrangement of connected rods that guided the piston rod in a perpendicular motion.
Watt had realized that the loss of latent heat was the worst defect of the locomotive.
Bored with surveying and with Scotland, Watt immigrated to Birmingham in 1774.
Watt in 1766 became a land surveyor.
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13. Explain while answering the questions. Why:
– was Watt not satisfied with Newcomen’s version?
– did Watt move to Birmingham?
– was the loss of latent heat the worst defect?
– did Watt not work on steam engine from 1766 till 1772?
– did Matthew Boulton take over a share in Watt's patent?
– did Boulton insist on inventing rotary motion?
– did Watt invent sun-and-planet gear?
– did the engine require a new method of rigidly connecting the piston to the beam?
– was an arrangement of connected rods that guided the piston rod in a perpendicular motion in use?
– did Watt describe parallel motion as one of the most ingenious, simple pieces of mechanism he had contrived?
SPEAKING
14. You are present at a scientific press conference on the history of a steam engine invention. Five students can choose an inventor they would like to represent and inform about their inventions (Appendix A, p. 82). The other students are journalists and ask questions about the discoveries. Use the following phrases.
- It is indeed a pleasure to welcome you to the 10th Conference on …
- At the beginning of this meeting allow me to inform you about …
- Your report has been an excellent introduction to our discussion.
- I listened to your comments with great interest.
- I think you have started a very interesting discussion …
- Have you any other comments to make?
- Have you any other questions about this problem?
- I would like to introduce another factor into our discussion.
- So far as is known …
- It is well known that …
- I would simply like to mention that …
- Allow me to place strong emphasis on …
- I would like to clarify what I mean by …