- •Types of engines практикум
- •Передмова
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 the creation of steam engines
- •2. Discuss the following questions with a partner.
- •3. Read the text and find the expressions which mean:
- •The creation of steam engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about the steam engine history and choose the correct word.
- •Listen to the text about the Steam Engine invention and tell your group mates what inventors are mentioned in the text.
- •Think of the endings of these sentences, then listen and check.
- •13. Discuss in pairs the meaning of the following phrases in relation to the information from the text:
- •Unit 2 steam engines: developments of the industrial revolution
- •Think of as many words as possible related to the topic “Development of steam engines”. How important were steam engines in the industrial revolution?
- •Study the diagram of James Watt’s pumping engine. How did the separate condenser which he had added to the earlier design make the steam engine more effective?
- •3. Read the text and decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Steam engines: developments of the industrial revolution
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about steam locomotives and traction engines and open the brackets.
- •11. Listen to the text about Watt Engine and compare it with the information from the text. What new facts have you known?
- •12. Define true and false sentences. Then listen and check.
- •13. Explain while answering the questions. Why:
- •Work in pairs. Discuss and list some problems early steam engines might have caused. Make your problem list and share it with your group. Support your ideas. Use the following phrases.
- •Translate the following passage about Thomas Savery’s and Denis Papin’s steam machines from Ukrainian into English.
- •Unit 3 modern high-pressure steam engines
- •Where are steam engines used today? Why is their use restricted mainly by atomic power plants and thermo-electric power stations?
- •3. Read the text and match the sentences (a-c) to the numbered spaces (1-3) in the text.
- •Modern high-pressure steam engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about the components of steam engines and choose the correct word.
- •11. Listen to the text and chose the statement which was not mentioned in the text:
- •12. Listen to the text and insert the missing words.
- •13. Comment on the following statements if you agree or disagree:
- •Webquest. Search the Web for the information on steam cars or steam locomotives in modern times. Write a review (200-250 words) about these technologies. Consider the following points:
- •Translate the following passage about the first compound steam engine built by the British engineer and inventor Arthur Woolf from Ukrainian into English.
- •Internal-combustion engines
- •1. Work with a partner to discuss the following.
- •3. Read the text and match the questions (a-e) to the paragraphs (1-5).
- •Internal-combustion engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about internal combustion engine and choose the correct word.
- •11. Listen to the text and tell your groupmates what type of engine it is about.
- •12. Listen once more and choose the right word.
- •13. Comment on the following points:
- •Translate the following passage about internal combustion engine from Ukrainian into English.
- •Look at the diagram and try to explain how the open-cycle constant-pressure gas-turbine engine works.
- •Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about gas turbine and open the brackets.
- •11. Listen to the text about the turbine and tell what the text is about:
- •12. Listen to the text once more and insert the necessary word.
- •13. Answer the questions.
- •14. Work in groups a, b, c, and d. Each group will read the information on the different types of a gas turbine engine. Listen and complete the chart about these engine, then compare them.
- •Work in a group. Read the text and discuss the difference between the turbo engine and reciprocating engine. See Appendix a (p. 99). Discuss:
- •You are going to take a part at a scientific conference. You have to make a report (200-250 words) about modern gas turbine engine. Your report should include the following points:
- •Webquest. Find the information about the modern gas turbine application in different areas: industry, transportation, energy supplement, space exploration etc.
- •Translate the following passage about gas turbine from Ukrainian into English:
- •Communication activities unit 1
- •Time line of steam engine invention.
- •Text 1 Steam Power and the Industrial Revolution: 1760-1840
- •Text 2 Modern Steam
- •Internal combustion engine invention impact
- •Suggested Solutions
- •Advantages of gas turbine engines
- •Disadvantages of gas turbine engines
- •Audioscripts unit 1 The Steam Engine
- •Unit 2 The Watt engine.
- •Unit 3 Modern steam engines
- •Unit 4 Diesel Engine
- •Unit 5 Avery’s Turbine
- •References
4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
Column A Column B
1) high a) energy
2) reciprocating b) load
3) partial c) generator
4) nuclear d) sides
5) heat e) pressure
6) heavy f) engine
7) electric g) reactor
8) surrounding h) vessel
9) opposite i) vacuum
10) bladed j) motion
11) steam k) atmosphere
12) sealed l) wheels
5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
action, atomic, reciprocating, hollow, energy, partial, liquid, steam, engines, electric, regions, act
1) to require ….. motion
2) energy of expanding …..
3) to ….. together to perform work
4) reciprocating steam …..
5) small ….. globe
6) ….. of high pressure
7) to produce heat …..
8) to drive ….. generators
9) to condense back into a …..
10) ….. power plant
11) to create a ….. vacuum
12) to exert a sucking …..
6. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
Main parts of the steam engine:
1) turbine a) поршень
2) piston b) вал
3) generator c) колесо
4) furnace d) топка
5) boiler e) колінчатий вал
6) shaft f) клапан
7) blade g) контейнер
8) wheel h) циліндр
9) valve i) генератор
10) crankshaft j) бойлер
11) cylinder k) турбіна
12) vessel l) лопать
7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
1) engine a) movement
2) container b) method
3) liquid c) apparatus
4) way d) reservoir
5) energy e) spread
6) device f) task
7) motion g) mechanism
8) expansion h) power
9) pipe i) operation
10) machine j) fluid
11) work k) motor
12) action l) tube
8. Match the words with their definitions.
shaft, cylinder, device, pipe, liquid, gas, pressure, motion, transportation, load, energy, engine
1. The act, way or process of moving.
2. A substance which is not a solid or a gas, which flows, is wet and has no fixed shape.
3. The action of putting force or weight onto something; the strength of this force.
4. The tube within which a piston moves backwards and forwards in an engine or piece of machinery.
5. A piece of machinery with moving parts which changes power from steam, electricity, oil, etc., into movement.
6. The amount of work that must be done by a machine.
7. A piece of equipment intended for a particular purpose.
8. A type of substance like air, which is not solid or liquid and usually cannot be seen.
9. The power which can do work, such as drive machines or provide heat.
10. A tube used for carrying liquids or gas, often underground.
11. A bar which turns, or around which a belt or wheel turns, to pass on power or movement from an engine to something driven by the engine.
12. The act of transporting or state of being transported.
Choose the correct preposition.
The first commercial steam-powered device was a water pump, developed in / on 1698 by / with Thomas Savery. It used a vacuum to / for raise water from / off below / under, then used steam pressure for / to raise it higher. Small engines were effective though larger models were problematic. They proved only to have a limited lift height and were prone to / for boiler explosions. It received some use in / on mines, pumping stations and from / for supplying water wheels used to / for power textile machinery. An attractive feature of / from Savery engine was its low cost. It continued to be manufactured till / until the late 18th century. One engine was still known to be operating in / on 1820.
The first commercially successful true engine, in / on that it could generate power and transmit it for / to a machine, was the atmospheric engine, invented with / by Thomas Newcomenaround on / in 1712. It made use from / of technologies discovered by / with Savery and Papin. Newcomen's engine was relatively inefficient, and in / of most cases was used for / from pumping water. It worked by / with creating a partial vacuum with / by condensing steam under / above a piston within / with a cylinder. It was employed of / for draining mine workings at / of depths hitherto impossible, and also from / for providing a reusable water supply of / for driving waterwheels at / in factories sited away from / off a suitable "head". Water that had passed over / under the wheel was pumped back down / up into / to a storage reservoir above / under wheel.