- •Шомахова т.Х.
- •Кумыкова Элина Тугановна, Безрокова Мадина Борисовна, Бориева Мархаба Курманбаевна, Абрегова Алла Владимировна
- •Unit I science and society
- •1. Listen to or look through the following text and say what ideas it contains.
- •2. Look through the text again and entitle it.
- •3. Look through the text once more and say what kind of passage it is:
- •4. Read the text thoroughly with a dictionary and answer the following questions:
- •5. Give Russian equivalents to the following words, word combinations and scientific terms from the text:
- •6. Complete the following sentences choosing the words, word combinations or scientific terms from the list below.
- •7. Find synonyms to the given words, word combinations and scientific terms in ex. 5;
- •8. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the italicized words:
- •1. Read the next text connected with science and give answers to the following questions:
- •How would you answer the questions?
- •Unit II … as a branch of science
- •1. Look through the text concentrating on the beginning and the end of each paragraph, and write an outline, either in Russian or in English (time limit — 10 min.).
- •2. Paragraph Study.
- •3. Read the whole text again and see if any corrections should be made in your original outline.
- •4. Write an abstract of the text in three sentences.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Unit III modern achievements in electronics and nanoelectronics text 1 Graphene
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Text 2 Molecular scale electronics
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Unit IV outstanding scientists in nanotechnology text 1 Richard Phillips Feynman
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Text 2 Walter Schottky
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Unit V ethical problems of scientific research text 1 The cloning of humans is justifiable
- •Read and translate the text.
- •2. Answer the questions on the text.
- •3. Analyzing the content of a text
- •Text 2 Artificial Intelligence
- •Read the text 'Artificial Intelligence' and say if machines can be as clever as humans.
- •Complete each sentence (a—h) with one of the endings (1-8):
- •Give the definitions of the following words
- •Answer the questions:
- •Fill in the table
- •Read the quotations below. Choose any statement and comment on it
- •1) Read the text and be ready for a comprehension check-up.
- •2) Check up for comprehension.
- •Unit VI special texts text 1 Nanocomposites and their Applications
- •A survey of the applications of nanocomposites. The following survey of nanocomposite applications introduces you to many of the uses being explored, including:
- •Text 2 Synthesis of Nanomaterials by High Energy Ball Milling
- •Unit VII special texts text 1 Synthesis of Nanomaterials by Laser Ablation
- •Text 2 Chemical Vapor Synthesis of Nanomaterials
- •Unit VIII special texts text 1 Nanoelectromechanical system
- •Text 2 Nanocircuitry
- •Unit IX special texts text 1 Carbon nanotube
- •Text 2 Quantum computer
- •Unit X first steps in science
- •Look through the text and be ready to summarize its main ideas.
- •Read the text to find the answers to the following questions:
- •Read the text again to find the answers to the following questions:
- •Speaking
- •Answer the questions:
- •Complete the sentences which contain the words from the Active Vocabulary Section. Speak about your research problem.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Complete the sentences with the words from the Active Vocabulary Section. Speak about the historical background of your research problem.
- •Ask for and give information on the historical background of the research problems under study.
- •Act out the situation.
- •Complete the sentences with the words from the Active Vocabulary Section. Speak about the purpose of your current research and the method used.
- •Ask for and give information about your current research, namely its purpose and the methods you employ.
- •Act out the situation.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Complete the sentences which contain the words from the Active Vocabulary Section. Speak about your research results and conclusions.
- •Ask for and give information about your research results and conclusions.
- •Act out the situations.
- •List of materials used
Read the text to find the answers to the following questions:
What does your research deal with?
What are you engaged in at present?
Last year by the decision of the Scientific Council I took post-graduate courses to increase my knowledge in economics. I passed three entrance examinations - in History, English and the special subject. So now I am a first year post-graduate student of the Orenburg State University. I'm attached to the Statistics Department. In the course of my post-graduate studies I am to pass candidate examinations in philosophy, English and the special subject. So I attend courses of English and philosophy. I'm sure the knowledge of English will help me in my research.
My research deals with economics. The theme of the dissertation (thesis) is "Computer-Aided Tools for...". I was interested in the problem when a student so by now I have collected some valuable data for my thesis.
I work in close contact with my research adviser (superviser). He graduated from the Moscow State University 15 years ago and got his doctoral degree at the age of 40. He is the youngest Doctor of Sciences at our University. He has published a great number of research papers in journals not only in this country but also abroad.
He often takes part in the work of scientific conferences and symposia. When I encounter difficulties in my work I always consult my research adviser.
At present I am engaged in collecting the necessary data. I hope it will be a success and I will be through with my work on time.
Read passage 2 and answer the following questions: What is the theme of your dissertation?
Read passage 3 and speak about your research adviser according to the following plan:
1. Doctor's degree.
2. Scientific publications.
3. Participation in the work of scientific conferences.
Inform your colleague:
what candidate examinations you have already passed;
what the theme of your dissertation is;
how many scientific papers you have published;
if you are busy with making an experiment.
Study the text below (work in pairs)
TEXT 3 My research work
I'm an economist in one of the Orenburg auditing firms. My special subject is accounting. I combine practical work with scientific research, so I'm a doctoral candidate (соискатель).
I'm doing research in auditing which is now widely accepted in all fields of economy. This branch of knowledge has been rapidly developing in the last two decades. The obtained results have already found wide application in various spheres of national economy.
I'm interested in that part of auditing which includes its internal quality control. I have been working at the problem for two years. I got interested in it when I was a student.
The theme of my dissertation is "Internal quality control of audit services". The subject of my thesis is the development of an effective internal quality control system for audit firm services.
I think this problem is very important nowadays as a major portion of public accounting practice is involved in auditing. In making decisions it is necessary for the investors, creditors and other interested parties to know whether the financial statements may be relied on. Hence there should be an internal control of auditing operations for insuring the fairness of presentation.
My work is both of theoretical and practical importance. It is based on the theory developed by my research adviser, Professor S. Petrov. He is the head of the department at Orenburg State University. I always consult him when I have difficulties with my research. We often discuss the collected data. These data enable me to define the theoretical model of the audit internal quality system more precisely.
I have not completed the experimental part of my thesis yet, but I'm through with the theoretical part. For the moment I have four scientific papers published. One of them was published in the US journal.
I take part in various scientific conferences where I make reports on my subject and participate in scientific discussions and debates.
I'm planning to finish writing the dissertation by the end of the next year and prove it in the Scientific Council of the Orenburg State University. I hope to get a Ph. D. in Economics.