Order of work
It is necessary to calculate the density of regular geometric body shapes (cuboid, cylinder, sphere).
1. To determine body mass (box, cylinder, sphere). Record it with the precision of measurements.
2.Find body dimensions using calipers (the same body). Determine error.
3.Opredelit body density measured using the following relations:
a rectangular parallelepiped
(1.2.19)
where m-mass, h-height, b-width, the length of the box
b) for the cylinder
(1.2.20)
where m-mass, R-radius of the base, h-height of the cylinder;
c) for the ball
(1.2.21)
where mass m-, R- radius of the sphere.
4. According to the formula (1.2.11) to calculate the relative error, ie. E .:
a) a rectangular parallelepiped
(1.2.22)
b) the length of the cylinder
(1.2.23)
c) for the ball
(1.2.24)
5. According to the formula (1.2.13) to calculate the absolute error. The results are rounded based on measurement errors.
6. The final result is written in the form (1.2.12)
7. The results of measurements and calculations recorded in table 1.2.1
Table 1.2.1
№ |
value rev. body |
m, кг |
m кг |
h м |
b м |
l м |
R м |
h=b= l=R м |
кг/м3 |
|
1 |
Parallelepiped |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
Cylinder |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
Ball |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control questions
1. As determined by the instrument error? What is the accuracy of the readings? Specify price vernier division.
2. How are the absolute errors of the physical constants with non-periodic infinite fractions?
3. How is the accuracy of the indirect measurement?
4. Get a formula assessing the relative errors for functions of the form:
;
;
where , , - some constants.
Literature
1. A. Seidel Elementary estimates of measurement errors. L .: Science, 1974.
2.Kassandrova ON, VV Lebedev Processing of observations. M .: Nauka, 1970.
3.Agekyan TA Fundamentals of the theory of errors for astronomers and physicists. M .: Nauka, 1972.