20 Вариант Test paper

I. Give the equivalents of the following expressions:

Смещение груза; выполнять обязанности; оказать немедленную помощь; делать записи в судовом журнале; нести вахту; бросить якорь.

II. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Я собираюсь остаться в городе до 1 июня.

2. Вчера электрики проверили лебедки. Они были в порядке.

3. Могу ли я добраться до порта на метро?

4. Какая была погода, когда вы входили в порт? – Был туман.

5. Матросы поднимут спасательные шлюпки через час.

6. Новый агент будет представлен нам завтра.

7. Он сказал, что болен и не сможет закончить работу во время.

8. Если бы люди не начали спасать нашу планету несколько лет назад, она

была бы опасно загрязнена.

III. Read the text and translate it in writing:

Makarov was particularly interested in exploring the Arctic Ocean. He gave much thought to equipping Arctic expeditions in the best possible way and finally came to the conclusion that it was necessary to build a powerful icebreaker which might force its way through the ice to the North Pole. A ship of this type would facilitate regular shipping between the Baltic and White Sea ports and the great Siberian rivers such as the Ob and the Yenisei in summer, and greatly promote seafaring in the Baltic in winter.

For several years Makarov strove to have his idea of building an icebreaker put into practice. Finally the icebreaker was built. The new ship was called Yermak. At the beginning of 1899, breaking the ice in the Gulf of Finland, the Yermak came to Kronstadt.

IV. Answer the following questions in details:

1. What route would a powerful icebreaker facilitate?

2. What conclusion did Makarov come to?

3. What was the ship’s name built by Makarov and when did she come to

Kronstadt?

V. Make up a dialogue on the following situation, get ready to reproduce it.

You have to hire a taxi because you are hurrying to the port. Ask a passer-by where the taxi-stand is. Hire a taxi, explain the driver where you want to get. Ask him to drive faster. Don’t forget to pay.

VI. Compose a story about your ship. Use the following words and expressions:

To be launched; draught; the navigating bridge; wheelhouse; hold; cargo-handling facilities; accommodations; air conditioning system; engine-room, comfortable.

VII. Home-reading. Read and translate orally and do all tasks in written form.

HARDER

by EDWARD L. BEACH

Edward L. Beach was born in New York in 1918. During World War II he commanded an American submarine. He wrote a book about submarine warfare and some sea stories.

Here are some extracts from his book Submarine!

On May 26, 1944, Harden departed from Fremantle, Australia. Shortly after sunset of the first day in the operating area a convoy was sighted and Harder gave chase. The moon came out during the pursuit, the convoy changed course, and soon it became that the enemy had detected the submarine. The nearest destroyer emitted clouds of black smoke, put on full speed, and began heading directly for her — and there was nothing left to do but run for it.

At full speed Harder could barely exceed 19 knots. The range rapidly reduced to 10,000 yards, then 9,000, then 8,500 — at which point Sam Dealey, the skipper, pulled the plug out from under his ship and dropped her neatly to periscope depth.

The moment the ship was under water, the submarine altered course to the left, drawing away from the path down which she had been running.

But the destroyer suspected nothing, came on furiously down the broad wake left by the sub, blundered right across her stern, and was greeted with two torpedoes which hit him under the bow and under the bridge, and broke his back.

With his bow torn nearly off and gaping holes throughout his stricken hull, the Jap’s stern rose vertically in the air. Clouds of smoke, spray, and steam enveloped him.

Less than two minutes after the detonations of the torpedoes, the long black hull of the submarine boiled to the surface.

Late forenoon of the next day Harder's crew was still resting from the hard previous evening. The ship was patrolling submerged, and everything appeared to be calm and peaceful, when the musical "Bong! Bong! Bong" of the general alarm was heard. The word flashed almost instantly through the ship: “Another destroyer!”

That was a fast one. There had been a slight haze on the surface and the range at sighting was 4,000 yards, angle on the bow port twenty. Harder turned and headed toward the enemy, preparing all torpedo tubes as she did so. At 3,000 yards the destroyer turned and headed directly toward the submarine as though he had sighted the periscope in the glassy smooth sea. He had detected the submarine.

The range closed quickly — 2,000 yards; 1,500 yards; 1,000 yards. Standby forward! Standby one! Angle on the bow ten port, increasing. Angle on the bow port twenty, range, 700 yards.

"Bearing — mark," snapped the skipper. "Standby!" The torpedo officer on the TDC made an instantaneous check of his instrument and observed that the target bearing on the TDC was exactly the same as the periscope bearing.

"Set!" he snapped back at his skipper.

"Fire!" One after the other two torpedoes streamed out toward the destroyer.

Almost simultaneously a heavy explosion was felt by everyone in the submarine.

With full speed Harder had already started to gather way through the water and turn away from the destroyer. Clouds of smoke, steam, and debris rose from the stricken enemy high over the tops of his masts. He was so near that he continued coming, although his directive force and power were both gone, and Harder had to get clear.

Usually, when a submarine failed to return from patrol, there were rumors, wild theories, sometimes a Japanese claim of a sinking, but rarely anything concrete to explain what had happened. Harder was an exception, for she operated in a wolf pack during her sixth and last patrol, and another vessel actually witnessed and reported the circumstances of her loss.

On the morning of August 24, 1944, Harder dived off the west coast of Luzon, in company with Hake. Dealey had decided to make a reconnaissance in this area in the hope that it might give results comparable to those he had achieved only three days before when, as commander of a five-boat pack, he had engaged two convoys in a fierce battle, sinking in all ten ships, and driving the rest into harbour.

Shortly after daybreak on the fateful August 24, two escort-type vessels of about one thousand tons each were sighted. Both submarines immediately began approaching for an attack. However, the larger of the two ships suddenly turned away and entered Dasel Bay. The other stayed outside, and at this time Hake broke off the attack. Harder, however, held on, and Hake sighted her periscope crossing in front, passing between Hake and the convoy and the enemy vessel. The skipper maneuvered Harder between the other two vessels with the result that the Jap, naturally enough, took off after him instead of after Hake. According to the latter's report, the enemy vessel showed some confusion, probably because of the two targets where he had suspected no more than one. It must be pointed out, however, that the enemy vessel was a small anti-submarine type, and that the skipper of the Harder had several times come off victorious in encounters with much more formidable ships. Of the two submarines, Harder was doubtless the better trained and equipped to fight with this particular enemy.

With Hake a fascinated spectator, the Jap made his run. Possibly Harder fired at him, though Hake heard no torpedo on her sound gear. The enemy came on over Sam Dealey, and suddenly dropped fifteen depth charges. Harder's periscope was never seen again after that, nor were her screws heard again.

According to the Japanese report of the incident, the periscope of a submarine was seen at about two thousand yards, and a depth charge attack was immediately delivered. After this single attack, a huge fountain of oil appeared on the surface, and considerable quantities of bits of wood, cork, and other debris came up.

So perished a gallant ship, a gallant captain, and a gallant crew.

Ex. I. Answer the following questions:

1. What kind of ship was the Harder?

2. Who was the captain of the Harder?

3. What was her war record?

4. What happened on August 24, 1944?

5. What other submarine accompanied the Harder on that day?

6. Which of these boats was better trained and equipped?

Ex. II. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Автор этого рассказа, Бич, был моряком.

2. Он командовал американской подводной лодкой во время второй мировой войны.

3. Скорость подводной лодки «Хардер» едва превышала 19 узлов.

4. Вражеское судно, которое потопило «Хардер», было японским.