4. Language Focus.

Grammar in Context

• uses of articles

What do the sentences in Set 1 have in common? What do the sentences in Set 2 have in common? What is the difference between the sentences in Set 1 and Set 2? Discuss your answers in groups.

Set 1

• He grew up in a respectable family.

• Abu Bakr became a Muslim.

• Once, there was an argument about a surah from the Quran.

Set 2

• He told Uthman about Islam and about the One True God.

• Thus, his friends called him the man with “two lights”.

• He asked her to send all the scrolls of the revelations which had been written down.

B. Analysis.

Find the sentences below where they appear in the text and decide why they are using a( an) or the. Match each sentence with the correct reason.

Then he sent a copy to each army.	A. This is the first time this object has been mentioned.
2. He also helped people to understand the revelations when they were written down	B. This refers to just one out of many that were made.
3. Now the man who sold the well had no money.	C. The reader already knows which person is being discussed.
4. Uthman immediately sent a letter to Hafsah	D. The reader already knows which objects are being discussed.

C. Comparing Structures.

Look at the passage and fill in the blanks with a( an) or the.

Uthman was …… generous man. On many occasions he gave money to help …… Muslims. Once, during ……period when more and more people were becoming Muslims, …… Prophet (SAAS) decided he needed more water for them. …… Jew offered to sell …… Well of Roma for 24,000 dirhams. Uthman offered to buy half of it. …… Jew agreed.

d) Rule Formation.

Help to write the grammatical rules by completing the sentences.

1. Words like………..and………..are called articles.

2. ………..is used to talk about a noun that is not very special (an indefinite noun), or to make general statements, e.g., He grew up in a respectable family.

3. ………..is used to talk about a noun that is special (a definite noun), or about an indefinite noun that is being mentioned for the second time, e.g., Thus, his friends called him the man with "two lights."

e) Grammar Close Task.

Fill the gaps in the passage below.

It was important to Uthman that (1) ……….. army generals understood (2) ……….. Qur'an, (3) ……….. they could then tell the people about Islam (4) ……….. give. them (5) ……….. true picture. When there was (6) ……….. argument about a surah, Uthman (7) ……….. sent (8) ……….. letter to Hafsah, asking her to send all (9) ……….. scrolls of the revelations which had been written down. He made copies of these (10) ……….. sent one to each army, telling them to burn any copies that were different.

V. Critical Thinking. In the text, you have been told that although Uthman was a rich and wealthy trader. He was also very generous. In order to help the Muslims, he bought weapons, camels, horses, and a well.

1. In groups, note the purpose of each of these purchases and its benefit to his people. Then discuss which was the most beneficial and which was the least beneficial of the three purchases.

GIFT	PURPOSE	BENEFIT
weapons
horses and camels
well

2. Imagine that you are very wealthy and you want to buy something to benefit your community. In groups, decide on three purchases which would really help your people today. Note the purpose of each purchase and its benefit. Then, decide which is the most beneficial of the three.

GIFT	PURPOSE	BENEFIT

2. One person in your group will report your information to the class. Be prepared to challenge other groups' purchases if you think they are of lesser benefit or only short-term benefit.

3. Try to reach a class consensus on the three purchases that would benefit your community the most.

Unit 10 (Revision) SA’ID bin ZAID bin AMR.

1. Pre-Reading Tasks.

Before reading the text, look at the title of this unit and answer the questions.

1. You will read about a great fighter for Islam whose father was also a strong believer in Allah (SWT). What do you know about this person? What people or events do you think of when you hear this person's name?

2. Work in groups. List your pieces of information about Sa'id bin Zaid bin Amr in order of importance.

3. Compare your list with other groups. How are they similar or different?