Ex.1. Look through the text attentively, try to memorize the information.

splitting

Harnessing

satellite

розщеплення

використовування

супутник

Science and technology

Since the first artificial splitting of the atom at Cambridge, in 1932, by Sir John Cockcroft and Dr. E. T. S. Walton, Britain's nuclear scientists have made continuous progress in harnessing atomic energy. Today eight commercial nuclear power stations are supplying electricity for factories and homes and others are being built. Some of Britain’s top scientists are engaged in space research on projects such as upper atmosphere probes with British-built rockets at Woomera, Australia, and in work on satellite communications. Others are making vital discoveries in the laboratory into the very nature of life itself.

Britain is pre-eminent in radio astronomy and in many fields of electronics including miniaturization, one of the most important factors in the electronics revolution, and in radar for marine and aviation purposes. Much basic work was done in Britain on electronic computers. British advances in medicine include penicillin and other antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, heart-lung machines, a new anti-viral agent, Interferon, of great potential value and many other important developments in the treatment of disease.

British contributions to science include many great discoveries linked with famous names - Sir Isaac Newton (theory of gravitation), Robert Boyle ("the father of modernn chemistry"), Michael Faraday (whose discoveries gave rise to the electrical industry), and Henry Cavendish (properties of hydrogen). In the present century - J. J. Thomson, Lord Rutherford and Sir James Chadwick (basic work on nuclear science), Gowland Hopkins (the existence of vitamins), Sir William Bragg (X-ray analysis), and many others. Medicine oweі much to such pioneers as William Harvey (circulation of the blood), Edward Jenner (vaccination), Joseph Lister (antiseptics), Sir Ronald Ross (who proved the relation between malaria and mosquitoes).

Since 1945 there have been 27 British scientists who have received international recognition for their work by gaining Nobel awards. There are over 200 learned scientific societies in Britain. In ten years Britain has doubled her total number of qualified scientists.

Ex.2. Match a line in A with a line in B.

A. 1. Some of Britain's nuclear scientists are engaged in space research on projects such as

2. Since the first artificial splitting of the atom at Cambridge, in 1932, by Sir John Cockroft and Dr. E. I. S. Walton

3. Britain is pre-eminent in radio astronomy and in many fields of electronics

4. In ten years Britain has doubled

5. Since 1945 there have been 27 British scientists

6. British advances in medicine include penicillin and other antibiotics, such as

B.a). upper atmosphere probes with British - built rockets at Woomera, Australia and

in work on satellite communications.

b. cephalosporins, heart lung machines, a new anti-viral agent, Interferon.

b. Britain's nuclear scientists have made continuous progress in harnessing atomic energy

d. her total number of qualified scientists

e. including miniaturization and in radar for marine and aviation purposes

f. who have received international recognition for their work by gaining Nobel awards.

Ex. 3. Look through the names in the left column and find what are these Englishmen famous for in the right column:

1.Thomson, Lord Rutherford and Sir James Chadwick Henry Cavendish 3. Sir Isaac Newton 4. Gowland Hopkins 5. Robert Boyle 6. William Harvey is(are) famous for 7. Ronald Ross 8. Michael Faraday 9. Sir William Bragg 10.Joseph Sister 11.Edward Jenner

theory of gravitation the existence of vitamin the foundations of modern chemistry basic work on nuclear science properties of hydrogen the relation between malaria and mosquitoes X-ray analysis vaccination i) circulation of blood discoveries which gave rise to the electrical industry k) antiseptics

Ex.4. Look through the text, try to memorize the ceremonial traditions in England.