Active Vocabulary

1. dependable надежный

2. tension растягивающее усилие, растяжение

3. to exhibit выставлять; проявлять качества

4. presumably предположительно

5. to fail выходить из строя, терпеть неудачу

6. ribbon лента, полоса

7. rod стержень, прут, брус

8. cast литье, отливка

9. release разъединение, высвобождение

10. to transfer перемещать, переносить

11.clamp зажим, скоба, хомут

12. unbonded не сцепленный с оболочкой

13. to accomplish выполнять, осуществлять

14. anchor анкер, связь

15. preloaded предустановленный

16. post-tensioning напряжение стальной арматуры и сжатие бетона после его заливки

17.to thread протягивать, пронизывать

18. curing отверждение

19. embedded встроенный, включенный

20. wedge клин

21. conduit канал, проток, труба, желоб

22.explosion взрыв, вспышка, быстрый рост

Control tests test I

Decide whether these statements are true or false:

1. a). In pre-tensioned concrete tensile elements such as cables, ribbons, or rods are covered with extruded polymer sleeves.

b). In pre-tensioned concrete tensile elements such as cables, ribbons, or rods are placed into a state of compressive stress.

c). In pre-tensioned concrete tensile elements such as cables, ribbons, or rods are clamped under calculated tensile stress.

2. a). When fully hardened the clamps are released and then arranged within the concrete molding form.

b). When fully hardened the clamps are released and the stress is transferred within the rigid concrete.

c). When fully hardened the clamps are released and then load is applied within the design limit.

3. a). Unbonded post-tensioning is accomplished by coating the tensile elements with lubricant and covering them with extruded polymer sleeves.

b). Unbonded post-tensioning is accomplished by attaching the tensile elements to anchors placed at the perimeter of the casting.

c). Unbonded post-tensioning is accomplished by pulling the tensile elements into tension and clamping to the embedded anchors.

4. a). The post-tensioned elements can catastrophically pull out of the casting if the tensile elements are free to move within the casting.

b). The post-tensioned elements can catastrophically pull out of the casting if the anchors fail or unskilled repairs are attempted.

c). The post-tensioned elements can catastrophically pull out of the casting if the tensile elements are not holding the structure together.

5. a). The tensioning elements are threaded through the conduits, placed into the concrete molding form.

b). The tensioning elements are threaded through the conduits after the concrete is cast.

c). The tensioning elements are threaded through the conduits before the concrete is cast.

Test II

Match words in columns A and B (synonym match):

A B

1. relatively a). normally b). totally

c). fully d). comparatively

2. to spell a). to fulfil b). to mean

c). to prevent d). to bear

3. attempt a). effort b). strain

c). force d). manner

4. prior to a). till b). ago

c). in advance of d). apart

5. to harden a). to cast b). to solidify

c). to join d). to weld

6. sufficient a). ample b). rigid

c). resistant d). effective

7. magnitude a). development b). technique

c). difference d). dimension

8. to cause a). to consist b). to induce

c). to produce d). to fabricate

9. to extrude a). to utilize b). to conform

c). to expel d). to support

10. to offset a). to compensate b). to finish

c). to locate d). to specify