- •Unit 5 operating system
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 5
- •Text a. Operating systems
- •Operating Systems: Hidden Software
- •General Features of Operating Systems
- •Vms: help, directory, search, copy, rename, print, show users, show time, create/directory, phone, delete Unix: write, cp, lpr, Is, mkdir, date, rm, man, grep, rwho, mv
- •Text 5b
- •Grammar review reported speech The sequence of tenses in the subordinate clauses:
- •The sequence of tenses is:
- •Modal verbs changes
- •Indirect speech for exclamatory and imperative sentences.
- •Indirect speech of imperative sentence
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Speaking/writing
- •Graphical user interface
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 6
- •Text a. The graphical user interface
- •Post-reading Exercises
- •Text b. Interface with menus
- •Grammar review nouns
- •Plural of countable nouns
- •Irregular plurals
- •Plural forms
- •The possessive case
- •Nouns determiners
- •Much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty
- •Grammar exercises Nouns
- •Some, any, much, many, a lot, few, a few, little, a little
- •Articles Revision of the Use of the Articles (in tables) Classification of Nouns
- •Functions of the Indefinite Article
- •Functions of the Definite Article
- •Don’t confuse the articles in the generic function
- •The use of articles with names of people
- •The use of articles with geographical names
- •The use of articles with other proper names
- •Numerals
- •The four operations
- •Fractional numerals Common Fractions
- •Decimal Fractions
- •Extra information
- •Exercises
- •Writing
- •Unit 7 applications programs
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 7
- •Text a. Applications programs
- •Post-reading Activity
- •Text b. Application service providers
- •Listening and speaking
- •Vocabulary Bank. Interview. Former student
- •Exercises
- •Grammar review
- •First conditional
- •Second conditional
- •If I were you…
- •Oral Activity
- •Third conditional
- •Making a wish
- •Grammar revision
- •Writing
- •Unit 8 multimedia
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 8
- •Animation
- •Text a. Multimedia
- •Post-reading activity
- •Text b. New applications of the computer
- •Videodisc
- •Digital Video
- •Multimedia Authoring Systems
- •Virtual Reality
- •Grammar review. Adjectives. Adverbs. Pronouns.
- •The Adverb
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Pronouns
- •Writing
- •Unit 9 data processing
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 9
- •Text a. Data processing and data processing systems
- •Basic data processing operations
- •Data storage hierarchy
- •Text 9b. Word processing facilities start up
- •Advantages of computer data processing
- •Grammar review The Modal Verbs (mv) can/could
- •May/might
- •To have (got) to
- •Should/ought to
- •Will/would
- •Grammar exercises
- •In brackets.
- •May / might/ be allowed to
- •Must / have to / need
- •Mustn’t - needn’t - don’t have to
- •Should / ought to
- •Revision exercises
- •Unit 10
- •Internet and lan technology
- •Text 10a. The internet
- •Text 10 b. The language of e-mail
- •Grammar review the verbals The forms of the Verbals or the non-finite forms of the verb
- •The Infinitive
- •Infinitive without to
- •Complex object
- •See someone do and see someone doing
- •Personal/impresonal construction (the complex subject)
- •The gerund
- •Have something done
- •Writing/speaking task
- •Unit 11 networks
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 11
- •Text 11 a. Computer networks
- •Text 11 b. Network Communications
- •Grammar review questions
- •1. General questions
- •2. Special questions
- •3. Alternative questions
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Yes/No ( general ) questions
- •Exercise 3. Quiz champion Claude Jennings is answering questions. Put in these words and phrases: how far, how long, how often, how many, what, what colour, what kind, when, where, who
- •Subject/object questions
- •Prepositions in Wh-questions
- •Exercise 5. Put in the question. Use what and put the preposition in brackets at the end.
- •Negative Questions
- •Negative yes/no questions.
- •Negative wh-questions
- •Exercise 9.Complete the conversations using the words in brackets.
- •Question tags (disjunctive questions)
- •Exercise 12. Complete the conversation. Put in tags.
- •Earthquakes
- •Grammar revision
- •Writing
- •Unit 12 the world wide web
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 12
- •Text 12 a. The world wide web
- •Viruses are something to worry about, but not a lot. A little common sense and the occasional virus-scan will keep you virus-free.
- •Speaking
- •Censorship on the Web
- •What do you think?
- •Grammar revision
- •Writing Projects. Perform the project given
- •Unit 13 programming languages
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 13
- •Text 13a. Types of programming languages
- •Machine Languages
- •Assembly Languages
- •Procedural Languages
- •Natural languages
- •Verb Prefix Meaning Example
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 14
- •Most Common Suffixes
- •Why Learn Suffixes?
- •Interviewer / trainer / employer / interviewee / trainee / employee
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 15
- •Introductory reading
- •In the following list, the two-word forms (shown first) are still more common, but the one-word forms are starting to take hold.
- •In the following list, the one-word forms (shown first) are more common, but the spaced or hyphenated forms are still being used.
- •In the following list, the hyphenated forms (shown first) are more common, but the solid or spaced forms (if given) are used in materials aimed at industry insiders.
- •Variables and the Declaration Statement
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 16
- •Isc2 cissp
- •Unit 17 web design
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 17
- •1. Bad Search
- •2. Pdf Files for Online Reading
- •3. Not Changing the Color of Visited Links
- •5. Fixed Font Size
- •6. Page Titles With Low Search Engine Visibility
- •7. Anything That Looks Like an Advertisement
- •8. Violating Design Conventions
- •9. Opening New Browser Windows
- •10. Not Answering Users' Questions
- •11. Discourse markers: softening and correcting
- •Interview: Website Designer
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 18
- •Store / hold / input / control / convert / process / provide (x2)/ speed up
- •5. Cache … (5) … extremely fast access for sections of a program and its data.
- •Imagine that you are to make a report on the following topics. While preparing it use the main information from the text.
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 19
- •Virus protection
- •Internet crime
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 20
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 21
- •Information systems analysis and design
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 22
- •If X, then y
- •Virtual reality
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 23
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 24
UNIT 5. OPERATING SYSTEM. REPORTED SPEECH.
Unit 5 operating system
Vocabulary Bank Unit 5
Task 1. Read, write the translation and learn the basic vocabulary terms:
abbreviation-cокращение(абривиатура)
accommodation-помещение, размещение
additional-дополнительный
application program-прикладная программа
applications software-прикладное ПО
assembly line-сборочная линия
background-фон, задний план
batch-партия, пакет
circumstance-обстоятельство
command driven-управляемые командами
command prompt-командная строка
commitment-обязательство/
приверженность
computation-вычисление, расчёт
environment- среда
eye-watering price-заоблачная цена
facility-объект, установка
graphic engine-графический движок
graphical user interface пользовательский графический интерфейс
icon (n)-значок, изображение
interaction-взаимодействие
interface-интерфейс
kernel-ядро
key function- функциональная клавиша, ключевая функция
layer-слой, ряд
logout-выход
memory-protection-защита памяти
multiple-множественный(во)
multiprogramming-мультипрограммирование
multi-tasking mainframe- многозадачный маинфрейм
multi-user-многопользовательский
resident program-постоянные программы
revenue stream- поток доходов
robust-крепкий, надёжный
search engine-поисковый движок(поисковик)
shell-оболочка(корпус)
shortcoming-недостаток/дефект
source code-исходный код
sufficient-достаточный/удовлетворяющий
supervisor program-управляющая программа
to be aware-быть в курсе/быть предупреждённым
to establish-устанавливать/создавать
to facilitate-способствовать, содействовать
to implement-осуществить, реализовать, выполнить
to invoke-вызывать/ссылаться/вовлекать
to object to-возражать
to adopt-принять/перенять усвоить
to allocate-распределять/выделять
to boot-загружать
to entail-повлечь, вызвать
to hack into-взломать
to interrupt-прервать/помешать
to lock-заблокировать/закрыть
to look forward to- с нетерпением ждать
typesetting tool-инструмент ввода/набор
а
Text a. Operating systems
Some operating systems are command driven (i.e. the user runs a program by typing a command). The screen is usually blank except for a symbol which acts as a command prompt. When the command is typed at the prompt and the Enter key is pressed, the command is processed and the output is displayed on the screen. OS commands are usually short words or abbreviations (e.g., date, logout, passwd, Is).
Unix is a command driven operating system used on all sizes of computers, but mostly large multi-user, multi-tasking mainframe computers. It is available in many versions, such as Linux, Minix etc.
Operating Systems: Hidden Software
When a brand new computer comes off the factory assembly line, it can do nothing. The hardware needs software to make it work. Are we talking about applications software such as wordprocessing or spreadsheet software? Partly. But an applications software package does not communicate directly with the hardware. Between the applications software and the hardware is a software interface - an operating system. An operating system is a set of programs that lies between applications software and the computer hardware.
The most important program in the operating system, the program that manages the operating system, is the supervisor program, most of which remains in memory and is thus referred to as resident. The supervisor controls the entire operating system and loads into memory other operating system programs (called non-resident) from disk storage only as needed.
An operating system has three main functions: (1) manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing unit, memory, disk drives, and printers, (2) establish a user interface, and (3) execute and provide services for applications software. Keep in mind, however, that much of the work of an operating system is hidden from the user. In particular, the first listed function, managing the computer's resources, is taken care of without the user being aware of the details. Furthermore, all input and output operations, although invoked by an applications program, are actually carried out by the operating system. Some operating systems have a GUI (pronounced like 'goo-ey' – graphical user interface) that allows the user to use a mouse to click on icons on the screen or choose commands from a list of choices known as a menu. Operating systems with graphical interfaces mentioned in this unit include: MacOS, OS/2, Penpoint, Windows NT, Windows 3.x, Windows 9X and Windows 2000.