Unit 2. Occlusive noise consonants

LESSON 7 Sounds [p]-[b]

[p] is a consonant, occlusive, plosive, bilabial, voiceless, oral.

Articulation: Look at the diagram. The vocal cords are kept apart and do not vibrate. The soft palate is raised and the air comes to the mouth cavity. The lips are firmly kept together and the air coming into the mouth stops for some time and then breaks the obstruction with a slight explosion.

Task 1 Listen and then say the sound (A69).

[p] is usually spelled:

p pen push stop

pp happy stopping

Note: p is silent at the beginning of a few words: psychology

The word cupboard is pronounced without the p.

ph is usually pronounced [f]: phone, photo, autograph.

[pi:] is the name of the letter P in the alphabet. People often say [pi:] for pence: 'It costs 75p.'

Task 2 Listen and say these phrases:

1. a piece of paper

2. Push or pull?

3. a deep sleep

4. a cheap trip round Europe

[b] is a consonant, occlusive, plosive, bilabial, voiced, oral.

Articulation: Look at the diagram. The vocal cords are brought together and vibrate. The soft palate is raised and the air comes to the mouth cavity. The lips are firmly kept together and the air coming into the mouth stops for some time and then breaks the obstruction with a slight explosion.

Task 3 Listen and then say the sound(A70).

• Listen and say the sounds [p] and [b].

[b] is usually spelled:

b or bb big best rob robber verb

Note: b is silent at the end of a few words: climb comb thumb bomb

Task 4 Listen and say these phrases and sentences:

1. big business

2. When was the baby born?

3. It's better to bake your own bread than to buy it.

4. What's that big building between the bank and the library?

Task 5 Now listen and say these sentences with [p] and [b].

1. Pamela's got a new job. 3 Can you remember Pete's phone number?

2. Paul's got big problems with his neighbours. 4 Pack your bags and bring your passport.

Note: Sometimes you don't hear [p]or [b] clearly at the end of a word. Listen:

1 Stop! Sto(p)! 3 Hey, Bob! Hey, Bo(b)!

2 Don't drop that! Don't dro(p) that! 4 the worldwide web the worldwide we(b)

Tongue twisters

[p]

Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked.

If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,

Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?

[b]

Betty Botter bought some butter but, said she, the butter's bitter.

If I put it in my batter, it will make my batter bitter.

But a bit of better butter will make my bitter butter better.

So she bought some better butter, better than the bitter butter,

Put it in her bitter butter, made her bitter butter better.

So it was better Betty Botter bought some better butter.

Sounds [t]-[d]

[t] is a consonant, occlusive, plosive, forelingual, alveolar, voiceless, oral.

A rticulation: Look at the diagram. The vocal cords are kept apart and do not vibrate. The soft palate is raised and the air comes to the mouth cavity. The complete obstruction is made by the tip of the tongue firmly pressed against the middle of the alveolar ridge. The air coming into the mouth is trapped for a short time and then breaks the obstruction with a slight explosion.

Task 1 Listen and then say the sound (A75)

[t] is usually spelled:

t tea till ten top two twenty water bit complete eat eight light suit

tt better bottle

ed (in past tenses) stopped washed

th (in a few names) Thailand Thames Thomas

Note: The letter t is silent in a few words: listen castle

[d] is a consonant, occlusive, plosive, forelingual, alveolar, voiced, oral.

Articulation: Look at the diagram. The vocal cords are brought together and vibrate. The soft palate is raised and the air comes to the mouth cavity. The complete obstruction is made by the tip of the tongue firmly pressed against the middle of the alveolar ridge. The air coming into the mouth is trapped for a short time and then breaks the obstruction with a slight explosion.

Task 2 Listen and then say the sound(A76).

• Listen and say the sounds [t] and [d].

[d ]is usually spelled:

d day deep do door did food good head ready

dd add address ladder middle

Note: Sometimes you don't hear the [t] or [d] clearly at the end of a word.

Listen to the difference.

1. something to eat something to ea(t) 3 the end of the road the end of the roa(d)

2. turn on the light turn on the ligh(t) 4 writing on the board writing on the boar(d)