PS-2020a / part05

DICOM PS3.5 2020a - Data Structures and Encoding​ Page 11​

List of Examples​

- Standard -​

- Standard -​

Notice and Disclaimer​

The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and​ approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement​ among every person participating in the development of this document.​

NEMA standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary​ consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have​ an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness​ in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy​ or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications.​

NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect,​ consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document.​ NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information​ published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes​ or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or seller's products or services by​ virtue of this standard or guide.​

In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf​ of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using​ this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional​ in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by​ thispublicationmaybeavailablefromothersources,whichtheusermaywishtoconsultforadditionalviewsorinformationnotcovered​ by this publication.​

NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not cer-​ tify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance​ with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the​ certifier or maker of the statement.​

- Standard -​

- Standard -​

Foreword​

This DICOM Standard was developed according to the procedures of the DICOM Standards Committee.​

The DICOM Standard is structured as a multi-part document using the guidelines established in [ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2].​

DICOM® is the registered trademark of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association for its standards publications relating to di-​ gital communications of medical information, all rights reserved.​

HL7® and CDA® are the registered trademarks of Health Level Seven International, all rights reserved.​

SNOMED®, SNOMED Clinical Terms®, SNOMED CT® are the registered trademarks of the International Health Terminology​ Standards Development Organisation (IHTSDO), all rights reserved.​

LOINC® is the registered trademark of Regenstrief Institute, Inc, all rights reserved.​

- Standard -​

- Standard -​

1 Scope and Field of Application​

InthisPartoftheStandardthestructureandencodingoftheDataSetisspecified.InthecontextofApplicationEntitiescommunicating​ over a network (see PS3.7), a Data Set is that portion of a DICOM Message that conveys information about real world objects being​ managed over the network. A Data Set may have other contexts in other applications of this Standard; e.g., in media exchange the​ Data Set translates to file content structure.​

This Part of the DICOM Standard specifies:​

a.​the encoding of Values​

b.​the structure and usage of a Data Set​

c.​Data Element usage and relationships to other elements​

d.​the construction and usage of Nested Data Sets​

e.​the construction and usage of Data Sets containing Pixel Data​

f.​ how to uniquely identify information​

g.​the specification of the standard DICOM Transfer Syntaxes​

This Part of the DICOM Standard does not specify:​

a.​the structure and syntax of a message (this is specified in PS3.7)​

b.​the structure and usage of a command set (this is specified in PS3.7)​

c.​how an application service functions or is classified (this is specified in PS3.3 and PS3.4)​

d.​how Data Sets relate to network communication, media storage, or other services​

- Standard -​

- Standard -​

2 Normative References​

The following standards contain provisions that, through references in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of​ publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard​ are encouraged to investigate the possibilities of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below.​

[ANSI HISPP MSDS] ANSI. 1993. Healthcare Informatics Standards Planning Panel Message Standard Developers Subcommittee​ Proposal on Common Data Types. http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/standards/HISPP/MSDS/CommonDataType1102.ps .​

[ANSI X3.4] ANSI. 1986. Coded Character Set - 7-Bit American National Standard Code for Information Interchange.​

[ANSI X3.9] ANSI. 1978. Programming Language FORTRAN. http://www.fortran.com/F77_std/rjcnf-0.html .​

[ASTM E-1238-91] ASTM. 1991. Standard Specification for Transferring Clinical Observations Between Independent Computer​ Systems; Draft Revision 4.2.1.​

[BDRWP 2.B] Blu-ray Disc™ Association. March 2005. White Paper Blu-ray Disc™ Format 2.B Audio Visual Application Format​ Specifications for BD-ROM.​

[ECMA TR-098] European Computer Manufacturers Association. 2009. JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF). http://​ www.ecma-international.org/publications/techreports/E-TR-098.htm .​

[ETSI TS 102 366] ETSI. Feb. 2005. Audio Compression (AC-3, Enhanced AC-3) Standard.​

[IEEE 754] IEEE. 1985. 32-bit and 64-bit Floating Point Number Representations.​

[ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2] ISO/IEC. 2016/05. 7.0. Rules for the structure and drafting of International Standards. http://www.iec.ch/​ members_experts/refdocs/iec/isoiecdir-2%7Bed7.0%7Den.pdf .​

[ISO 646] ISO. 1990. Information Processing - ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange.​

[ISO/IEC 2022] ISO/IEC. 1994. Information technology - Character code structure and extension techniques.​

[ISO 2375] ISO. 1986. Data Processing - Procedure for the registration of escape sequences.​

[ISO/IEC 6429] ISO/IEC. 1990. Information Processing - Control functions for 7-bit and 8-bit coded character sets.​

[ISO 6523] ISO. 1984. Data interchange - Structures for identification of organizations.​

[ISO 7498] ISO. 1984. Information processing systems - Open System Interconnection - Basic Reference Model.​

[ISO 7498-4] ISO. 1989. Information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - Part 4: Management Framework.​

[ISO8649]ISO.1988.Informationprocessingsystems-OpenSystemsInterconnection-ServicedefinitionfortheAssociationControl​ Service Element (ACSE).​

[ISO 8822] ISO. 1988. Information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - Connection oriented presentation service​ definition.​

[ISO/IEC 8824] ISO/IEC. 1990. Information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - Specification of Abstract Syntax​ Notation One (ASN.1).​

[ISO/IEC 8859-1] ISO/IEC. 1987. Information processing - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets - Part 1: Latin alphabet No.​ 1.​

[ISO/IEC 8859-2] ISO/IEC. 1987. Information processing - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets - Part 2: Latin alphabet No.​ 2.​

[ISO/IEC 8859-3] ISO/IEC. 1988. Information processing - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets - Part 3: Latin alphabet No.​ 3.​

- Standard -​

Page 20​ DICOM PS3.5 2020a - Data Structures and Encoding​

[ISO/IEC 8859-4] ISO/IEC. 1988. Information processing - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets - Part 4: Latin alphabet No.​ 4.​

[ISO/IEC8859-5]ISO/IEC.1988.Informationprocessing-8-bitsingle-bytecodedgraphiccharactersets-Part5:Latin/Cyrillicalphabet.​ [ISO/IEC8859-6]ISO/IEC.1987.Informationprocessing-8-bitsingle-bytecodedgraphiccharactersets-Part6:Latin/Arabicalphabet.​ [ISO/IEC8859-7]ISO/IEC.1987.Informationprocessing-8-bitsingle-bytecodedgraphiccharactersets-Part7:Latin/Greekalphabet.​ [ISO/IEC8859-8]ISO/IEC.1988.Informationprocessing-8-bitsingle-bytecodedgraphiccharactersets-Part8:Latin/Hebrewalphabet.​

[ISO/IEC 8859-9] ISO/IEC. 1989. Information processing - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets - Part 9: Latin alphabet No.​ 5.​

[ISO/IEC 9834-1] ISO/IEC. 2005. Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Procedures for the operation of OSI Re-​ gistration Authorities: General procedures and top arcs of the ASN.1 Object Identifier tree.​

[ISO/IEC 9834-8] ISO/IEC. 2014. Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Procedures for the operation of OSI Re-​ gistration Authorities: Generation of universally unique identifiers (UUIDs) and their use in object identifiers.​

[ISO/IEC 10918-1] ISO/IEC. 1994. JPEG Standard for digital compression and encoding of continuous-tone still images. Part 1 -​ Requirements and implementation guidelines.​

[ISO/IEC 10918-2] ISO/IEC. 1995. JPEG Standard for digital compression and encoding of continuous-tone still images. Part 2 -​ Testing.​

[ISO/IEC 10918-5] ISO/IEC. 2013. JPEG Standard for digital compression and encoding of continuous-tone still images. Part 5 -​ JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF).​

[ISO/IEC11172-3]ISO/IEC.1993.Information technology--Codingofmovingpicturesandassociatedaudio fordigitalstoragemedia​ at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s -- Part 3: Audio.​

[ISO/IEC 13818-1] ISO/IEC. 2000. Information technology -- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -​ Part 1: Systems.​

[ISO/IEC 13818-2] ISO/IEC. 2000. Information technology -- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -​ Part 2: Video.​

[ISO/IEC 13818-3] ISO/IEC. 1998. Information technology -- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -​ Part 3: Audio.​

[ISO/IEC 13818-4] ISO/IEC. 1998. Information technology -- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -​ Part 4: Conformance testing.​

[ISO/IEC 13818-7] ISO/IEC. 1997. Information technology -- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -​ Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding (AAC).​

[ISO/IEC 14495-1] ISO/IEC. 1997. Lossless and near-lossless coding of continuous tone still images (JPEG-LS).​ [ISO/IEC 14496-3] ISO/IEC. 2009. Information technology - Coding of audio-visual objects - Part 3: Audio.​

[ISO/IEC 14496-10] ISO/IEC. 2009. Information technology - Coding of audio-visual objects - Part 10: Advanced Video Coding.​ [ISO/IEC 14496-12] ISO/IEC. 2003. Information technology - Coding of audio-visual objects - Part 12: ISO base media file format.​ [ISO/IEC 14496-14] ISO/IEC. 2003. Information technology - Coding of audio-visual objects - Part 14: MP4 file format.​

[ISO 15076-1] ISO. 2005. Image technology colour management - Architecture, profile format, and data structure. Also available as​ ICC.1:2004-10 (Profile version 4.2.0.0), International Color Consortium, available at http://www.color.org/v4spec.xalter .​

[ISO/IEC 15444-1] ISO/IEC. 2004. JPEG 2000 Image Coding System.​

[ISO/IEC 15444-2] ISO/IEC. 2004. JPEG 2000 Image Coding System: Extensions.​

- Standard -​