Контрольная работа 1 Английский язык Вариант 1

Задание 1

Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

Planet Power

Huge strides in science have been made this century. But the world is threatened by pollution, pillage and war. The human race must co-operate to save itself, warns Kenny Coyle.

Our planet is reaching a turning point brought on by many factors. The world is undergoing a rapid and profound scientific and technological revolution.

The last 100 years have seen more progress in production, communications and culture than in the previous 100,000 years. However, the human race's advances in the fields of physics, engineering, chemistry etc to solve the seemingly most intractable problems have not yet been matched by the human race's ability to solve the basic questions of peace or starvation.

We have still not yet achieved the stage where humanity's continued existence is secure. The problems created by the scientific and technological revolution can only be solved, in the long run by matching it with political and social revolution. By bringing the economic dominance of the transnationals to an end and by creating a' democratic system of popular power.

PRESSING

Over the past few decades a number of pressing international issues have come to the fore. These have become known as global problems. They include: overcoming the backwardness of developing countries, ending famine, preserving energy resources, environmental protection and the preservation of world peace and the prevention of nuclear war.

They are global because they affect not only individual nations, regions or continents, nor simply one social and political system but the whole world. The increasing interdependence of our planet makes the solution of these problems possible only by the joint efforts of all countries.

POLLUTION

On the other hand the environmental problems of acid rain, the greenhouse effect, deforestation and so on are by-products of industrialization. It is now not only nuclear or conventional warfare that threatens human life but also problems such as environmental destruction. Ozone depletion, the greenhouse effect and other processes could in the long-run prove just as deadly as nuclear annihilation. The efforts of all the countries must be joined by long-term peaceful cooperation to head off these global problems. The growing interdependence of the world means that these global problems are not isolated from one another but are often closely interlinked. For example, a recent United Nations sponsored conference on the ozone layer calculated that it would cost 400 million US dollars annually to phase out the chemical substances known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by the year 2000.

CFCs are widely used in fridges and aerosols and destroy the ozone layer on entering the atmosphere.

A depleted ozone layer increases the chances of skin cancer, and cuts crop yields. The CFCs also contribute to the greenhouse effect. The1987 Montreal Protocol urges industrialized countries to cut CFC production by half by I998, debt-ridden nations are given just 10 more years. Only 13 developing countries have ratified the protocol. India and China which account for 55 percent of CFC production in the developing world are among 43 countries which have not ratified the treaty. The developing countries are naturally demanding financial and technological aid from Western countries, without the usual economic and political ties, deal with this problem themselves.

So far they have met little success. Their countries are seen obvious dumping grounds for toxic waste and dangerous chemical industries.

At the same time Japanese monopolies are engaging in cut throat competition to develop what will prove to be highly profitable alternatives to CFCs. Yoshio Konishi, a company director with Asahi Glass, Japan's largest CFC producer which has itself spent 55 million US dollars on research, said of the market: "Natural selection will operate and only a limited number of companies will survive in the end". Despite its inherent tendency to put profits before the environment, big business and its politicians will attempt to find solutions to these global problems.

Задание 2.

Составьте реферирование текста Задания 1. Используйте Приложение 1 (Фразы для аннотирования статьи на английском языке)

Задание 3.

Прочитайте текст. Составьте свою биографию.

My name is Mary Stuart. I was born and raised in the heart of Siberia. My native town is Irkutsk. I was born on the 5^th of September in 1980. So, now I am 32 years old.

My parents are lawyers. And they wanted to see me in this profession as well. My mother’s name is Tatiana. She is 57. My father’s name is George. He is 59. I am an only child in the family.

I studied in a local linguistic school. I was an excellent pupil. And I loved my teachers very much. They made learning fun. May be because of the example of my teachers I decided to become one of them.  But I got older, and goals changed and I didn’t pursue that path. After finishing school I entered the linguistic university. There I studied well and many times I was sent abroad to improve my skills in foreign languages.

So, I became an interpreter and a writer. I worked in a local English paper. I had to write notes about the development of the languages, the latest news in this field, everything what is interesting about English. The part I loved most about my job was communication.  Every day I met different people. They helped me know more about other life, learnt something.

I was still active in travelling abroad. In one of this journey I met my future husband. So, we got married in 2004. I became a daycare provider. Now we have a son. He is 4 years old. My husband is a doctor. He works much. I enjoyed being home with my son. But at one time I wanted to have an opportunity to work and use my knowledge again. My husband has got a better place in another city – in Moscow. So, we have to move. I was happy. Now we live on the outskirts of the city. I have found a job in the University. So, I have fulfilled the dream of my childhood.