9. Translate from Russian into English.
Модели развёртывания
Частное облако – инфраструктура, предназначенная для использования одной организацией, включающей несколько потребителей (например, подразделений одной организации), возможно также клиентами и подрядчиками данной организации. Частное облако может находиться в собственности, управлении и эксплуатации как самой организации, так и третьей стороны (или какой-либо их комбинации), и оно может физически существовать как внутри, так и вне юрисдикции владельца.
Публичное облако – инфраструктура, предназначенная для свободного использования широкой публикой. Публичное облако может находиться в собственности, управлении и эксплуатации коммерческих, научных и правительственных организаций (или какой-либо их комбинации). Публичное облако физически существует в юрисдикции владельца – поставщика услуг.
Общественное облако – вид инфраструктуры, предназначенный для использования конкретным сообществом потребителей из организаций, имеющих общие задачи (например, миссии, требований безопасности, политики, и соответствия различным требованиям). Общественное облако может находиться в кооперативной (совместной) собственности, управлении и эксплуатации одной или более из организаций сообщества или третьей стороны (или какой-либо их комбинации), и оно может физически существовать как внутри, так и вне юрисдикции владельца.
Гибридное облако – это комбинация из двух или более различных облачных инфраструктур (частных, публичных или общественных), остающихся уникальными объектами, но связанных между собой стандартизованными или частными технологиями передачи данных и приложений (например, кратковременное использование ресурсов публичных облаков для балансировки нагрузки между облаками).
Lateral Thinking Quiz
The following questions will test your ability to think laterally. If you get more than 50 % of these right you're certainly strong on your lateral thinking skills (or maybe you're just good at quizzes!)
A graduate applying for pilot training with a major airline was asked what he would do if, after a long-haul flight to Sydney, he met the captain wearing a dress in the hotel bar. What would you do?
If you have two coins totaling 11p, and one of the coins is not a penny, what are the two coins?
If you were alone in a deserted house at night, and there was an oil lamp, a candle and firewood and you only have one match, which would you light first?
What can you put in a wooden box that would make it lighter? The more of them you put in the lighter it becomes, yet the box stays empty.
Which side of a cat contains the most hair?
The 60th and 62nd British Prime Ministers of the UK had the same mother and father, but were not brothers. How do you account for this?
How many birthdays does a typical woman have?
Why can't a man living in Canterbury be buried west of the River Stour?
Divide 40 by half and add ten. What is the answer?
To the nearest cubic centimetre, how much soil is there in a 3m x 2m x 2m hole?
Is it legal for a man to marry his widow's sister?
If you drove a coach leaving Canterbury with 35 passengers, dropped off 6 and picked up 2 at Faversham, picked up 9 more at Sittingbourne, dropped off 3 at Chatham, and then drove on to arrive in London 40 minutes later, what colour are the driver's eyes?
A woman lives on the tenth floor of a block of flats. Every morning she takes the lift down to the ground floor and goes to work. In the evening, she gets into the lift, and, if there is someone else in the lift she goes back to her floor directly. Otherwise, she goes to the eighth floor and walks up two flights of stairs to her flat. How do you explain this?
A window cleaner is cleaning the windows on the 25th floor of a skyscraper, when he slips and falls. He is not wearing a safety harness and nothing slows his fall, yet he suffered no injuries. Explain.
The band of stars across the night sky is called the "...... Way"?
16. Yogurt is made from fermented ........
17. What do cows drink?
18. A farmer has 15 cows, all but 8 die. How many does he have left?
19. The Zorganian Republic has some very strange customs. Couples only wish to have female children as only females can inherit the family's wealth, so if they have a male child they keep having more children until they have a girl. If they have a girl, they stop having children. What is the ratio of girls to boys in Zorgania?
20. If the hour hand of a clock moves 1/60th of a degree every minute, how many degrees will it move in an hour?
21. How many hands does the clock of the tower of Big Ben have?
22. How many degrees are there between clock hands at 3.15 p.m.?
23. How many times do the hands of a clock overlap in 24 hours?
24. John's mother has 3 children, one is named April, one is named May. What is the third one named?
25. You are running in a race. You overtake the second person. What position are you in?
26. In the same race, if you overtake the last person, then you are in what position?
27. Using just ONE straight cut, how can you cut a rectangular cake into two equal parts when a rectangular piece has already been removed from it?
28. A man went into a store to buy an item. He asked the assistant: "How much does it cost for one?" The assistant replied 2 pounds, Sir" "And how much for 10?" The assistant replied "£4" "How much for 100?" He got the reply "£6" What was the man buying?
30. A man and his son were in a car crash. The father was killed and the son was taken to hospital with serious injuries. The examining doctor exclaims: "But, this is my son!". How can this be?
31. There are 23 football teams playing in a knockout competition. What is the least number of matches they need to play to decide the winner?
32. You have to choose between three rooms. The first is full of raging fires The second is full of tigers that haven’t eaten for 3 years. The third is full of assassins with loaded machine guns. Which room should you choose?
33. Three
of the glasses below are filled with orange juice and the other three
are empty. By moving just one glass, can you arrange the glasses so
that the full and empty glasses alternate?
34. Name
three consecutive days in English without using the words Tuesday,
Thursday, or Saturday
35. What's unusual about this paragraph? Just how quickly you can find out what is so funny about it. It looks fairly ordinary and plain that you might think nothing is wrong with it. In fact, nothing is wrong with it! It is highly curious though. Study it and think about it, but you still may not find anything odd. But if you work at it a bit, you could just find out.
36. Join all the 9 dots on the upright using four straight lines or less, without lifting your pen and without tracing the same line more than once. Do copy this onto paper if you wish to make it easier.
Answers:
Offer to buy her a drink! The captain was of course a woman. Many airlines are now hot on equal opportunities and a candidate who had difficulty envisaging that an airline captain might be female would not go very far!
10p and 1p - the other coin can be a penny!
The match!
Holes
The outside
Churchill was Prime Minister twice, from 1940 to 45 and from 1951 to 55.
One
8. Because he is still alive .
9. Dividing by half is the same as multiplying by 2.
10. None - it's a hole!
11. No – because he's dead.
12. The colour of your eyes.
13. The woman is of small stature and couldn't reach the upper lift buttons.
14. He was cleaning the inside of the windows.
15. MilkyWay
16. Milk
17. Water. After the previous two questions, did you answer milk?
18. Eight
19. About 1 to 1. Any birth will always have a 50% chance of being male or female.
20. One
21. Eight: there are four faces to the clock of the tower of Big Ben (now officially called Elizabeth Tower). See the picture to the upright.
22. Not zero degrees as you might at first think. The minute hand will be at 15 minutes (90 degrees clockwise from vertical) but the hour hand will have progressed to one quarter of the distance between 3 p.m. and 4 p.m.. Each hour represents 30 degrees (360 / 12), so one quarter of an hour equals 7.5 degrees. So the minute hand will be at 97.5 degrees: a 7.5 degree difference between the hands.
23: the
minute hand will go round the dial 24 times, but the hour hand will
also complete two circuits. 24 minus 2 equals 22.
24. John
25. If you overtake the second person then you become second.
26. You can't overtake the last person in a race!
27. Cut it horizontally half way up (i.e. parallel to the top) .See upright
28. House numbers.
29. The doctor was his mother. Going full circle, this is very similar to the first question.
30. In a knockout competition, every team except the winner is defeated once and once only, so the number of matches is one less than the number of teams in this case 23-1 = 22.
31. The second room. Tigers that haven’t eaten in three years are dead!
33. 32. Pour the juice from the second glass into the fifth.
Yesterday,
today, and tomorrow.
34. The letter e doesn't appear once in the paragraph.
35. Here is one possible solution. Of course you have to go beyond the boundaries of the square of dots to solve this. Out of interest this particular puzzle is where the expression "to think outside the box" originally came from.
Score
Over 33. You are a true lateral thinking Guru. Edward De Bono would be proud of you. O rmay be you are the man himself.
28 to 32. Very good.
21 to 27. Quite good.
15 to 20. Average.
Under 15 - watch The Matrix, The Simpsons and Dr. Who a few more times.
Glossary of Computer and Internet Terms
Computer Terms
Active matrix LCD panel High-resolution color display for laptop computers.
Application software Computer programs designed to directly deal with solving the user’s problems. Examples would include programs for accounting, word processing, financial analysis, computer games, etc.
Backup The act of making a second (backup) copy of the data stored on a disk or other storage device, to safeguard against loss of data if there is damage to the primary copy.
BASIC Acronym for Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. A general-purpose programming language, often used in computers.
Baud rate A measurement of the speed at which data are transmitted between two computers, the number of signal per second being transmitted.
Bit Abbreviation for “binary digit,” the most common unit computers use for representing data internally.
Byte A group of eight bits, the most common unit computers use for internally representing individual characters, digits, or other data.
Cathode ray tube (CRT) Another term for display screen.
CD-ROM Abbreviation for Compact Disk-Read Only Memory. A small disk device capable of storing extremely large amounts of data, but which cannot be erased and reused for storing other data (the reason it is referred to as “read only”).
Central processing unit (CPU) The part of a computer that controls the entire system and does mathematical processing of data.
Character A single digit, letter of the alphabet, or other symbol. Usually represented inside a computer by one byte.
Chip Common term for very small silicon wafers upon which electronic circuits have been created for use in computers. Used for microprocessors, electronic memory, and other internal computer electronic components.
Communications program Computer program containing the instructions that allow a computer to send data to and receive data from another computer.
CPU Central Processing Unit.
Cursor A block, underline character, arrow, or other symbol used on a display screen to indicate a particular location on the screen.
Data The symbols, writing, words, or other items used to represent facts, objects, events, or ideas. Accounting records and yield measurements are two examples of data.
Data base management system (DBMS) General-purpose computer program that allows data to be stored, manipulated, organized, and retrieved in some logical manner. Sometimes referred to as an “electronic filing program.”
Demonstration program Limited, incomplete version of a program offered for sale by a software company, used for demonstrating the complete program’s features and capabilities. Often given free to potential buyers of the complete program, or sold at low cost.
Disk drive Device for recording onto and reading from one type of computer storage disk – either a diskette, or hard disk. Varying sizes and types of disks are not interchangeable among disk drives.
Documentation The printed operating instructions that accompany a computer or software.
Dot matrix printer Printer that forms characters by selectively coloring or inking dots in a grid or matrix of dots. Characters thus printed often appear to consist of rows of dots.
Electronic worksheet or spreadsheet A general purpose computer program that operates like a large columnar pad of paper in the computer’s memory, which can do calculations on data typed onto the sheet. Allows data and formulas to be typed in, edited, calculated, and printed out. Often used for budgeting and forecasting, as a “what if” planning tool.
Entry The act or result of putting data into a computer.
Ethernet A type of network interface card that connects an individual computer to a network. Computers on the Internet that use the TCP/IP protocols are frequently connected to the Internet over an Ethernet link.
Expert system A computer program for making a recommendation, which tailors its recommendation to the user’s situation by following a variable path of reasoning dependent upon data given it by the user. One example would be a program to recommend grain marketing strategies based on the user’s risk and profit goals, availability of storage, proximity to markets, etc.
FAX modem A device to connect computer to telephone line to send data FAX messages.
File A collection of related data existing upon a computer storage device.
Floppy disk Flexible plastic disk coated with a magnetic material, upon which computer programs and data may be stored. Usually from 3 to 8 inches in diameter.
Hard disk A type of computer storage disk, usually consisting of a metal platter coated with a magnetic material. Capable of storing larger amounts of data than floppy disks.
Hardware The physical parts of a computer.
Information The result of processing, manipulating, and organizing data in a way that adds to the knowledge of the person receiving it.
Ink-jet printer A low-cost, near laser quality printer that uses liquid ink.
Input The data put into a computer.
Keyboard Typewriter-like computer input device.
Kilobyte (K) A unit for measuring computer memory and storage capacity, roughly equal to 1,000 characters or bytes of data. Technically, one K is 1,024 bytes.
Laser printer A fast, high-quality printer.
LCD Liquid Crystal Display. A technology popular in watches and calculators for displaying information, which also may be used for computer display screens—especially in portable computers.
LAN Local area network
Megabyte One million bytes, or 1,000 kilobytes.
Memory Term usually referring to the electronic memory circuits of a computer; however, sometimes also extended to imply all memory and storage devices used by a computer.
Menu A list of choices displayed on a computer display screen, from which the user may choose a program action.
Microcomputer Any computer using a microprocessor as its central processing unit.
Minicomputer Term for computers intermediate in processing power between microcomputers and mainframe computers.
Modem A device that allows a PC to communicate and exchange information with other modem-equipped computers via telephone lines. The current standard for modems is 56k, which allows you to transfer data at up to 56,000 bits per second.
Monitor A display screen.
Mouse Computer input device consisting of a small box having one or more buttons on top, for giving instructions to a computer.
MSDOS Operating system program popular among users of the IBM-PC and compatible computers.
Operating system A program or collection of programs that coordinates and controls the various devices making up a computer system.
Output The act or result of printing or displaying information generated by a computer.
PCMCIA An international association that defines specifications for devices.
Peripherals The add-on hardware devices used in conjunction with a computer, printer, display screen, disk drives, etc.
Printer Device that transfers computer output onto paper.
Program A set of pre-defined commands or instructions that tells a computer how to go about solving a problem or doing some job.
Random-access memory (RAM) Electronic memory circuits in a computer that may be both read from and written to, and which lose the data they contain whenever electricity is turned off to the computer. Sometimes referred to as volatile memory.
Read-only memory (ROM) A memory device (usually electronic memory circuits) that may only be read by a computer. The data stored in ROM memory is permanent (non-volatile) and is not lost when electricity is turned off to the computer.
Small computer systems interface (SCSI) Used to connect hard drives and tape drives to computer.
Storage device Any device upon which a computer may store data in permanent form. Data is not lost from a storage device when the electricity to a computer is turned off, as is the case with electronic memory. Sometimes called non-volatile memory.
Surge protector Electronic device for protecting a computer or other electronic device from the harmful effects of sharp surges of voltage in electric power lines.
Template A pre-programmed set of instructions that may be used with an electronic worksheet or spreadsheet program for doing a particular job. Akin to a computer program.
Utility software Computer programs for handling the organizational and “housekeeping” chores in running a computer, such as deleting files of old data, copying disks, printing a directory of the information stored on a disk, etc.
WAN Wide area network
Word processing Using a computer to accept, edit, organize, and print out text.