Lecture 8. Turnover (working) capital of firm

Concept of turnover (working) assets of the enterprise, their size and structure.

Structure of turnover assets: production stocks, work in progress. Structure of funds of the circulation: finished goods and money. Own and borrowed turnover assets. The normalized and not normalized turnover assets.

Rationing of an expense of material resources. Calculation of security of the enterprise with material resources for each element. Indicators of providing enterprise with material resources: stocks and reserves. Indicators of research of materials: material feedback and material capacity. Methods of rationing of turnover funds: analytical, method of the direct account, coefficient method. Rationing of current assets: rationing of stocks of all turnover assets in days; rationing of own turnover assets on elements in tenge.

Indicators of effective use of turnover assets: direct coefficient of turnover, coefficient of loading of turnover assets, duration of one turn in days. Concept of the average rest of turnover assets and its calculation for planning periods of time. Duration of planning periods at calculation of indicators of turnover assets.

Literature: 1-42.

Lecture 9. Firm personnel

The labor relations and labor collective at the enterprise. Division of workers (production and industrial personnel and the nonindustrial personnel). Structure of the production and industrial personnel: workers, heads, technical officers, employees, pupils, younger service personnel, protection workers. Functional purpose and characteristics of each of groups of workers. Classification of workers by closing dates of the employment contract: constant, temporary, seasonal, contractual. Value of studying of personnel of the enterprise for a floor, on age, on length of service, on education level, on qualification, on payment level.

Concept of a payroll of workers. Indicators of number of workers: list number of workers in a day; average number of workers in a month; average number of workers in a quarter; average number of workers in a year; average number of workers since the beginning of year.

Indicators of the movement of personnel: coefficient of turnover of personnel; coefficient of a turnover of dismissal, coefficient of a turnover of reception; general coefficient of a turn of personnel. Indicator of efficiency of use of workers – coefficient of working in shifts.

HR department of the enterprise: functions, structure, efficiency of activity.

Literature: 1-42.

Lecture 10. Expenses of firm

Concept of prime cost. Group of prime cost on elements of expenses. Calculation of prime cost of separate products.

Classification of expenses by articles of accounting. Classification of indicators of expenses. Alternative (the imputed expenses). Constant expenses: average, residual, starting. Variable expenses: proportional, regressive, progressive. Gross, average and marginal expenses of the enterprise. Minimization of expenses in the short-term and long-term periods. Interchangeability of expenses. Formation of expenses of production and product cost. Purpose of accounting and estimate of expenses. Direct and indirect cost. Main and laid expenses.

Prime cost planning: absolute measures, relative indicators.

Classification of indicators of prime cost: on coverage of expenses; on period duration; on a calculation method; on objects of calculation.

Major factors of decrease of prime cost: labor productivity growth, improvement and the best use of equipment, economy of material inputs, reduction of overhead costs, reduction of non-productive expenses and losses.

Literature: 1-42.