Application [ˌæplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] – применение, просьба; заявление; форма заявления entity ['entɪtɪ] – бытие, существование

deck [dek] – палуба; настил, платформа

spanning – портального типа, портальный

span [spæn] v. – измерять, мерить, отмерять

gap [gæp] – пролом, брешь, щель, дыра; лакуна, пробел, пропуск

pier [pɪə] – мол; волнолом; дамба, запруда, плотина

tension ['ten(t)ʃ(ə)n] – напряжение, напряжённое состояние, напряжённость

hollow ['hɔləu] – пустой, полый

frame [freɪm] – скелет, костяк, каркас, остов

withstand [wɪð'stænd] (withstood, withstood) v. – выдержать (что-л.) ; противостоять, не поддаваться (чему-л.)

cable ['keɪbl] – канат, трос

sling [slɪŋ] (slung, slung) v. – бросать, швырять; подвешивать (что-л.); поднимать груз с помощью стропа, ремня

tower ['tauə] – башня

tensile ['ten(t)saɪl] – растяжимый; эластичный

steel wire [stiːl 'waɪə] – стальная проволока

immense [ɪ'men(t)s] – безмерный, очень большой, огромный

frequent ['friːkwənt] – частый; часто встречающийся, повторяющийся; обычный

cantilever bridge ['kæntɪliːvə brɪʤ] – консольный мост

beam [biːm] – балка; брус, перекладина

truss [trʌs] – связка; гроздь, кисть; связь

arch bridge [ɑːʧ brɪʤ] – арочный мост

reinforced concrete [ˌriːɪn'fɔːstˌkɔnkriːt] – железобетон

suspension bridge [sə'spen(t)ʃ(ə)n brɪʤ] – висячий мост

girder ['gɜːdə] – балка; брус; перекладина; распорка

Exercise 1. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right:

Nouns:

1. valve a. the reduction in volume

2. gasket b. measurements or calculations by using a device of some kind

3. wire c. a flat piece of soft material between two joined surfaces in a pipe

4. engine d. the degree to which something is curved

5. gauge e. a mechanism with moving parts that converts power into motion

6. compression f. metal drawn out into the form of a thin flexible thread

7. tension g. a long, thick piece of steel or iron that is used in the framework

8. friction h. a device for controlling the passage of fluid

9. girder i. the resistance of one object moving over another

10. curvature j. the state of being stretched tight

Adjectives

1. equilateral a. having a hole or empty space inside

2. multiple b. extremely large or great, especially in scale or degree

3. regular c. having a smoothly bending surface

4. external d. occurring or done many times at short intervals

5. suspect e. having all its sides of the same length

6. curved f. relating to space

7. frequent g. involving many people, or having many uses

8. hollow h. being the outside of a surface

9. spatial i. being under supervision because of not being trusted

10. immense j. happening often

Exercise 2. Match the shapes with their names:

Shapes:

1 . 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9.

Names:

a. square b. heart c. trangle

d. diamond e. oval f. octagon

g. circle h. star i. rectangle

Exercise 3. Look through the following information and pronounce the numbers given below:

Read the following:

12% – twelve per cent

5.36 – five point thirty six

0.046 – zero point zero forty six

3/9 – three ninths

1/125 – one and one hundred twenty fifths

5/6 – five sixths or five over six

5/14 – five fourteenths or five over fourteen

1 1/3 – one and one thirds

5² – five squared

5³ – five cubed

5⁴ – five to the power of four

5³⁶ – five to the power of thirty six

139×10⁶ – one hundred and thirty nine by ten to the power of six

10 923 – ten thousand nine hundred and twenty three

15°C – fifteen degrees centigrade ['sentɪgreɪd]/ selsius ['selsɪəs]

15°F – fifteen degrees Fahrenheit ['fær(ə)nhaɪt]

2,897,563 – two million eight hundred and ninety seven thousand five hundred and sixty three

in 1960 – in nineteen sixty

in 2006 – in two thousand and six

Pronounce the numbers given below:

63%; 103%; 23°F; 47°C; 361×10²⁸; 26²; 132 1/3; 7⁴; 12 430; 2.6×10¹⁸; 1.4×10²¹; 0.023; in 2010; in 1987; 4,654,271; 36,159,345

Exercise 4. Read the following text paying attention to pronunciation of numbers: