- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following expressions:
- •3. Rearrange the words to make sentences.
- •4. Match the sentence halves.
- •5. Complete the text with the words from the box.
- •7. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •8. Tell about the future of aircraft. Mind the use of Gerund.
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Find the Russian equivalents for the following expressions:
- •3. Rearrange the words to make sentences
- •4. Match the sentence halves.
- •5. Complete the text with the words from the box.
- •6. Translate the following text into English:
- •7. Find the adjectives in the text and make some sentences comparing the planes.
- •8. Make a short summary of the text in written form using these expressions.
- •Exercises
- •2. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •3. Rearrange the words to make sentences.
- •4. Match the sentence halves.
- •5. Complete the text with the words from the box
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •7. Read the review from the Internet forum about British Airways and tell about the seating policy of the ba. Express your attitude to the facts given in the review.
- •Exercises
- •You should check the pronunciation of key words. Transcribe the words and word combinations:
- •2. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (a-j):
- •3. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Complete the sentences with the words from the box
- •6. Explain the slogans of Airbus’ Families. Translate them into Russian:
- •Supersonic transport: Concorde
- •Exercises
- •2. Transcribe the words:
- •3. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (a-j):
- •4. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •5. Complete the text with the words from the box. The words may be chosen more than once.
- •6. Explain it in a different way.
- •7. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Unit 6 Air traffic control system
- •Exercises
- •4. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •5. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (a-j):
- •6. Complete the text with the words from the box
- •7. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •8. Faa's new air traffic system hits turbulence
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •7. Complete each sentence (1-10) with one of the endings (a-j)
- •8. Match the words from the texts (1-5) with their synonyms (a-e):
- •9. А) Complete the text with the words from the box. Use the correct grammar forms
- •Automatic Discovery of Safety Violations
- •Exercises
- •1. You should check the pronunciation of key words. Transcribe the words:
- •2. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •3. Rearrange the words to make sentences
- •4. Match the words from the texts (1-5) with their synonyms (a-e):
- •5. Complete each sentence (1-10) with one of the endings (a-j)
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Exercises
- •1. You should check the pronunciation of key words. Transcribe the words:
- •2. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (a-j):
- •3. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Complete the text with the words from the box.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Exercises
- •1 You should check the pronunciation of key words. Transcribe the words:
- •2. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (a-j):
- •3. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Complete the text with the words from the box
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Supplementary reading modern fighters
- •Early jet and turboprop airliners
- •Flying car
- •The future of flight
- •Bigger jumbo
- •Fear of flying
- •Future boeing projects
- •Литература
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ
РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
___
МОСКОВСКИЙ АВИАЦИОННЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ
(национальный исследовательский университет)
И.Э. КОРОТАЕВА, Л.А.РОГОЖИНА, Н.И. ХРИСТОФОРОВА, О.В. ЧУКСИНА
AVIATION ENGLISH: AIR TRANSPORT AND OPERATION STRUCTURE
Авиационный английский: Воздушный транспорт и инфраструктура
Допущено Учебно-методическим объединением
высших учебных заведений Российской Федерации по образованию в области авиации, ракетостроения и космоса в качестве учебного пособия
для студентов высших учебных заведений РФ,
обучающихся по специальностям высшего образования 24.05.07 «Самолёте- и вертолётостроение», 24.05.01 «Проектирование, производство и эксплуатация ракет и ракетно-космических комплексов», 24.05.02 «Проектирование авиационных и ракетных двигателей», 24.05.06 «Системы управления летательными аппаратами», 24.05.05 «Интегрированные системы летательных аппаратов», 24.05.03 «Испытание летательных аппаратов», 27.05.01 «Специальные организационно- технические системы» и направлениям подготовки бакалавров 24.03.04 «Авиастроение», 24.03.01 «Ракетные комплексы и космонавтика», 24.03.05 «Двигатели летательных аппаратов», 24.03.02 «Системы управления движением и навигация», 24.03.03 «Баллистика и гидроаэродинамика», 27.03.03 «Системный анализ и управление»
Москва
Издательство МАИ
2015
ББК 81.2 Англ я 73
К 68
Рецензенты:
кафедра русского, иностранных языков и литературы МИСиС;
доктор филологических наук, профессор В.В.Ощепкова
Коротаева И.Э., Рогожина Л.А., Христофорова Н.И., Чуксина О.В.
Aviation English: Air transport and operation structure/ Авиационный английский: Воздушный транспорт и инфраструктура. Учебное пособие по английскому языку. – М.: Изд-во МАИ, 2015. – 88 с.
Коротаева Ирина Эдуардовна
Рогожина Лада Александровна
Христофорова Наталья Игоревна
Чуксина Оксана Владимировна
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 1 курса всех факультетов авиационных вузов и является логическим продолжением учебного пособия «Learn about aviation and space flight in English». Представленные в пособии тексты и упражнения посвящены работе воздушного транспорта и инфраструктуре, связанной с эксплуатацией летательных аппаратов.
Цель пособия – развитие у студентов межкультурной коммуникативной профессионально-ориентированной компетенции. Пособие направлено на подготовку студентов к самостоятельному чтению, пониманию и обсуждению технической литературы авиационной тематики на английском языке.
Учебное пособие составлено в рамках разработанного на кафедре УМК по дисциплине «Иностранный язык». Пособие соответствует программе по дисциплине для подготовки бакалавров и специалистов в неязыковых вузах и выполнено с учетом основных положений монографии «Общеевропейские компетенции владения иностранным языком: Изучение, обучение, оценка».
© Московский авиационный институт
(национальный исследовательский университет), 2015
Contents
Предисловие………………………………………………………p.4
Unit 1 p.5 |
Flying a modern airliner |
Unit 2 p.10 |
Boeing Commercial Airplanes
|
Unit 3 p.16 |
British Airways
|
Unit 4 p.22 |
Airbus
|
Unit 5 p.30 |
Supersonic transport: Concorde
|
Unit 6 p.37 |
Air traffic control system
|
Unit 7 p.44 |
Benefits of Standardized Communication |
Unit 8 p.52 |
Landing, Takeoff, and En Route Procedures
|
Unit 9 p.57 |
Boarding procedures
|
Unit 10 p.62 |
Air shows
|
Appendix 1. Supplementary reading …………………………………….…p.68
Предисловие
Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 1 курса авиационных вузов и является логическим продолжением учебного пособия «Learn about aviation and space flight in English».
Цель учебного пособия – подготовить студентов к самостоятельному чтению, пониманию и обсуждению технической литературы авиационной тематики на английском языке, что будет способствовать развитию у них межкультурной коммуникативной профессионально-ориентированной компетенции. Пособие представляет собой сборник текстов и упражнений к ним и состоит из десяти разделов:
1. Полет на современном авиалайнере
2. Авиакомпания Боинг 3. Британские авиалинии 4. Аэробус 5. Сверхзвуковой транспорт: Конкорд 6. Система управления воздушным движением 7. Преимущества стандартизированной коммуникации 8. Этапы полета воздушного судна 9. Посадка в самолет 10.Авиасалоны
В каждом разделе содержатся неадаптированные научно-популярные тексты на различные темы, связанные с работой воздушного транспорта и инфраструктурой для эксплуатации летательных аппаратов.
Упражнения направлены на развитие различных видов речевой деятельности (перевод, чтение, говорение, письмо). Данное пособие содержит лексические упражнения и упражнения на проверку понимания текста.
В приложении представлены дополнительные тексты для чтения и перевода, которые могут быть использованы для самостоятельной работы студентов.
Unit 1 FLYING A MODERN AIRLINER
A modern jet is typically flown by a flight deck crew of two – the pilot, and a co-pilot who acts as navigator and flight engineer. The number of aircrew has been reduced through the use of computers and improvements in instrumentation and navigational equipment.
In the latest airliners, colour screens have mostly superseded dials for the display of data on altitude, airspeed, position and other essentials. Navigation has achieved a high degree of accuracy. It still partly relies on radio beacons that provide waypoint markers along airways. The copilot tunes in a radio compass to each successive beacon along the marked route. On-board inertial navigation systems (INS) will plot the aircraft’s movements to within about a mile tolerance on a long-haul flight, if its position is set correctly at the start of the journey.
Sophisticated airports have VOR (VHF omnidirectional range transmitters) with DME (distance measuring equipment), allowing the aircrew to track their position relative to their destination. In recent years, GPS satellite positioning has been added to the array of navigational improvements. Satellites also provide superb weather forecasting, a major contribution to safety and comfort.
For most of a flight, the pilot’s main task is to supervise the work of the autopilot and other onboard computers. ILS (instrument landing systems) are now of high quality at many airports. Responding to signals from a transmitter on the runway, on-board ILS tells the pilot if he is too high or too low, to the left or right of the correct approach path. ILS linked to an autopilot can deliver automatic landing in poor visibility. But safety still depends on pilots’ judgment and flying skill.
Tourism also grew into a dominant economic activity in the world’s major cities: the centres of London, Paris, and New York became as much destinations to visit as places to work or live in. Meanwhile freight carried in jet transports altered patterns of consumption. Soon no one was surprised to find fresh fish from an African lake in a British supermarket or fresh flowers from Mauritius decorating a restaurant table in Chicago.
While airliners carried on changing the world, after 1970 the world of airliners changed comparatively little. The last 30 years of the 20th century brought no further revolution in speed or size. But progress in engine design made aircraft quieter and more fuel efficient, and increased operating range – the Boeing 747- 400 could fly almost 11,000km (7,000 miles) with more than 400 passengers on board.
There was also great progress in avionics and navigation systems. In the late 1980s the Airbus A320 introduced digital fly-by-wire controls to civil aviation, as well as the so-called “glass cockpit”. The Boeing 777, introduced into service in 1995, was the first American fly-by-wire airliner.
The accepted wisdom was that a further leap in aircraft size might make economic sense. From the mid-1990s, Airbus had the idea of a super-jumbo, the A3XX, which would be capable of carrying 600 to 800 people.
The events of 11 September 2001 underlined how precarious commercial aviation was as a business. It appeared that many airlines, both in Europe and North America, were just not in a fit state to survive even a temporary downturn in business. It also emphasized how many flights were unnecessary – tourists could stay at home, business people could make a conference call instead of a transatlantic flight. But this did not mean that any question mark hung over the future of mass air travel. A triumph of technology and organization, it had given human beings an undreamed-of mobility, and it was here to stay.
